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Zoonoses

Zoonoses. Protecting yourself and your family from animal diseases and infections. What are zoonoses?. Diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans. Farm Animals Cattle Swine Goats Cats & dogs Poultry. Wild Animals Ticks Squirrels Raccoons Mice/rodents others.

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Zoonoses

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  1. Zoonoses Protecting yourself and your family from animal diseases and infections

  2. What are zoonoses? Diseases that are transmitted from animals to humans

  3. Farm Animals Cattle Swine Goats Cats & dogs Poultry Wild Animals Ticks Squirrels Raccoons Mice/rodents others What kind of animals transmit zoonoses?

  4. Farmers more susceptible to contracting zoonoses • More likely to share air and space with animals • More contact with domestic and wild animals

  5. How are disease transmitted? • Every day contact with animals • Transporting carcasses • By-products (feces/urine) • Scratches or bites • From milk and milking • Contaminated soils • Contaminated meats

  6. Common Zoonoses

  7. Campylobacter Common Carriers Cattle Sheep Pigs Dogs Rodents Poultry

  8. Transmission Contaminated food or animals Clinical presentation Stomach ache Nausea Headache Diarrhea Campylobacter

  9. Cat-Scratch Disease Common carriers Cats Dogs

  10. Transmission Scratches and puncture wounds from infected animals Clinical presentation Fever Skin papule Swollen lymph nodes Cat-Scratch Disease

  11. Salmoneliosis Common carriers Cattle Cats Dogs Horses Poultry

  12. Transmission Direct contact with animal or feces Contaminated food Clinical Presentation Chills Fever Headache Diarrhea Vomiting Salmonelliosis

  13. Encephalitis Common carriers Horses Rodents

  14. Transmission Mosquito bites Tick bites Clinical presentation Lethargy Fever Headache Disorientation Encephalitis

  15. Rabies Common Carriers Cats Dogs Raccoons Skunks Bats Foxes

  16. Transmission Animal Bite Contact with infected tissue, fluids or feces Clinical presentation Fever Headache Agitation Confusion Seizures Excessive salivation Rabies

  17. Psittacosis Common Carriers Pigeons Parrots Turkeys Parakeets

  18. Transmission Inhalation from infected birds Carcasses Secretions Contaminated facilities Clinical presentation Fever Headache Pneumonia Psittacosis

  19. Ringworm Common Carriers Cattle Cats

  20. Transmission Direct contact with infected animal Clinical presentation Skin lesions Ringworm

  21. Toxoplasmosis Common carriers Cats Sheep

  22. Transmission Ingestion of infected meats Fecal contaminated soil Clinical Presentation Fever Swollen nodes Abortion Still-birth Mental retardation Toxoplasmosis

  23. Scabies Common Carriers Dogs Raccoons

  24. Transmission Direct contact with infected animals Clinical presentation Itching skin lesions Scabies

  25. Milker’s Nodules Common carrier Cow teats Ulcers from calves mouth

  26. Transmission Milking or touching the teat of infected cow Contact with a mouth ulcer in a calve Clinical presentation 5-14 day incubation period 2-5 small, red spots on hands Milker’s Nodules

  27. Prevention and Control

  28. Assure an uncontaminated water supply • Properly construct wells • Add chlorination to water • Connect to water supply • Appropriate disposal of wastes

  29. Prevent food contamination • Avoid unpasturized milk • Don’t allow juices to drip on other foods • Wash hands • Disinfect kitchen surfaces • Wash raw fruits and vegetables • Don’t defrost meats on the counter • Use separate utensils for raw/cooked meat

  30. Cooking guidelines • Cook eggs until firm • Avoid foods with partially cooked eggs • Cook meats until juices are clear • Poultry – internal temp of 180 degrees • Beef – internal temp of 160 degrees • Fish should be white and flaky

  31. Storing leftovers • Store food in appropriate containers • Set refrigerator temp to 40 and freezer to 0 • Refrigerate leftovers immediately • Never leave food out for more than 2 hours

  32. Always drink pasteurized milk!

  33. Avoid contact with diseased animals • Dispose of carcasses properly • Wear appropriate clothing and gloves • Spray dead animals before moving them • Dispose of animals according to law • Wash hands afterwards

  34. Discourage animals from nesting in your home • Keep a clean house • Seal small openings inside and out • Keep traps out of the reach • Store food in tight containers

  35. Protect pets from getting & transmitting diseases • Vaccinate cats and dogs against rabies • Do not keep wild animals as pets • Do not allow pest to drink from toilet • Clean pet’s living area 1x/week • Clean litter box daily

  36. Pregnant women should not clean litter boxes

  37. Additional safety precautions • Treat livestock that salivate as if they have rabies • Wash your hands after handling or cleaning up after animals • Cover sandboxes when not in use

  38. Prevent tick bites • Wear repellent • Wear appropriate clothing • Long-sleeved shirt • Tuck pant legs into socks • Check yourself and pets after being in a tick-infested area

  39. Treat animal scratches and bites seriously • Wash area with soap and water • Apply anti-bacterial medication • Bandage wound • Consider medical attention

  40. Most Zoonoses are preventable if cautionary measures are taken!!

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