Chapter 14 Section 1

1. Chapter 14 Section 1 Section Questions - Page 493 #1-5

2. Identify 1. Explain the significance of: cost-plus, War Production Board, Office of War Mobilization, disenfranchised, “Double V” campaign, Tuskegee Airmen, Oveta Culp Hobby, Women’s Army Corps. • cost-plus – government agreed to pay a company whatever it cost to make a product plus a guaranteed percentage of the costs as profit • War Production Board – FDR gave this agency the authority to set priorities and production goals and to control the distribution of raw materials and supplies

3. Identify 1. Explain the significance of: Office of War Mobilization, disenfranchised, “Double V” campaign, Tuskegee Airmen, Oveta Culp Hobby, Women’s Army Corps. • Office of War Mobilization – military agencies continued to sign contracts without consulting with the War Production Board, FDR established the OWM in 1943 to settle arguments among different agencies

4. Identify 1. Explain the significance of: disenfranchised, “Double V” campaign, Tuskegee Airmen, Oveta Culp Hobby, Women’s Army Corps. • disenfranchised – to deprive of the right to vote • “Double V” campaign – launched by the Pittsburgh Courier, a leading African American newspaper, to achieve victory over Hitler and over racism at home

5. Identify 1. Explain the significance of: Tuskegee Airmen, Oveta Culp Hobby, Women’s Army Corps. • Tuskegee Airmen – 99th Pursuit Squadron, first African American unit created in early 1941 by the air force, pilots trained in Tuskegee, Alabama • Oveta Culp Hobby – an official of the War Dept., first director of Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps (WAAC); auxiliary corps, not part of regular army • Women’s Army Corps – replaced the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps with Director Hobby assigned the rank of colonel Oveta Culp Hobby – Director of the Women’s Army Auxiliary Corps, then colonel in the Women’s Army Corp

6. Main Ideas 2. DescribingHow did Congress support factories that converted to war production? • It supported them financially by allowing the Reconstruction Finance Corporation to make loans to companies who wanted to convert their factories to war production. 3. AnalyzingWhat role did the OWM play in the war production effort? • The OWM served as a mediator between different government agencies.

7. Main Ideas 4. Explaining How were minorities discriminated against in the military? • Minorities were placed in segregated units, with segregated barracks, mess halls, latrines, and recreational facilities. • They were often assigned to non-combat duties such as construction and supply units. 5. Big Ideas How did American industry rally behind the war effort? • Major industries started to rapidly produce trucks, jeeps, tanks, and ships.