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IDMP-based Fast Handoffs and Paging in IP-based Cellular Networks

IDMP-based Fast Handoffs and Paging in IP-based Cellular Networks. IEEE 3G Wireless Conference, 2001. Telcordia. 李威廷 11/22/2001. Outline. Introduction IDMP Overview Fast Handoff Scheme in IDMP Paging Support in IDMP Conclusions. Introduction (1/3). Disadvantages of Mobile IP

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IDMP-based Fast Handoffs and Paging in IP-based Cellular Networks

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  1. IDMP-based Fast Handoffs and Paging in IP-based Cellular Networks IEEE 3G Wireless Conference, 2001 Telcordia 李威廷 11/22/2001

  2. Outline • Introduction • IDMP Overview • Fast Handoff Scheme in IDMP • Paging Support in IDMP • Conclusions

  3. Introduction (1/3) • Disadvantages of Mobile IP • High update latency • Large global signaling load • Lack of paging support • These problem are also present in various non-hierarchical MIP solutions

  4. Introduction (2/3) • The Intra-Domain Mobility Management Protocol (IDMP) is proposed recently to reduce: • the latency of intra-domain location updates and • the mobility signaling traffic.

  5. Introduction (3/3) • IDMP is conceptually a two-level generalization of the Mobile IP architecture • Mobility Agent (MA) provides a mobile node (MN) a domain-wide stable point of packet redirection • IDMP can be combined with multiple global binding protocols • With Mobile IP or SIP

  6. IDMP Overview (1/3) • IDMP is a multi-CoA intra-domain mobility solution • Unlike HAWAII, MIP-RR or HMIPv6, IDMP is designed as a stand-alone solution for intra-domain mobility and does not assume the use of MIP for global mobility management

  7. IDMP Overview (2/3) • Mobility Agent (MA) • It is similar to a Mobile IP Regional Registration (MIP-RR) GFA • It provides an MN a stable global CoA • Subnet Agent (SA) • It is similar to a MIP FA • It provides subnet-specific mobility services

  8. IDMP Overview (3/3) • MN obtains two concurrent CoAs: • Local Care-of Address (LCoA) • Similar to MIP’s care-of address • Unlikely MIP, it only has local scope • Global Care-of Address (GCoA) • Domain-level granularity

  9. Fast Handoff Scheme in IDMP

  10. Handoff Delay of IP-based BS (1/2) • Radio-channel Establishment Delay (Δ1) • Establishing new radio-channel for new BS • IP Subnet Configuration (Δ2) • SA mode:obtain an agent beacon and then request a new LCoA • Co-located mode: DHCP and then LCoA • Intra-domain Update Delay (Δ3) • MN must inform the MA of its new LCoA

  11. Handoff Delay of IP-based BS (2/2) • Δ1 is expected to be quite low • CDMA-based soft handoff: Δ1 is 0 • Old BS is not discontinued until the connection with the new BS is established • IDMP’s fast handoff process is designed to eliminate Δ3 , not eliminate Δ2

  12. The Fast Handoff Procedure (1/2) • Either MN or old SA generates MovementImminent message to the MA • Upon reception of this message, the MA multicasts all inbound packets to the entire set of neighboring SAs • Each of these SAs buffers such arriving packets • After MN performs a subnet-level configuration, new SA forward all buffered packets.

  13. The Fast Handoff Procedure (2/2) • IDMP’s MovementImmient message does not specify the IP address of the new BS • Multicast forwarding is invoked concurrently with subnet-level IP configuration phase, thereby reducing the Δ3 • The MA decides (network-controlled) the set of target BSs to which in-flight packets are multicast • Only the new BS forwards arriving multicast packets to the MN

  14. Implementing Fast Handoff • IP multicast • The group membership is not dynamic • PIM or DVMRP can be used to establish the multicast tree • Buffer size • (intra-domain update latency) * (incoming traffic rate)

  15. Alternative Fast Handoff Suggestions • Layer-2 trigger is used to cause old FA to establish a transient tunnel to the new FA • It eliminates Δ2, but authentication is only at radio layer • The MN initiate a new MIP registration with the new FA through the old FA • HMIPv4/v6 • Does not provide network any control over handoff process

  16. Paging Support in IDMP

  17. Paging Operation for Idle Hosts • SAs are grouped into Paging Area (PA) • The MN in passive/idle mode listens FA Agent Advertisement to know which PA it belongs to • MN Moving among the same PA does not update MA about its current LCoA, and not obtain a new LCoA • The MA multicast a PageSolcitation packet to all the subnets associated with the MN’s current PA

  18. Paging Implementation • Paging Area Identifier (PAI) is used • An SA can be associated with multiple PAs • An MN must inform its MA when it switches from the active to the idle state, thereby activating the paging functionality at the MA

  19. Comparison with Alternative IP Paging Schemes • IDMP does not need intermediate nodes • Only SA and MA take part in the paging process  localize future upgrades • Paging operations are distributed among different MAs (each serving different MNs) • There is no single point of failure for the entire domain

  20. Conclusions (1/2) • IDMP is an IP-based hierarchical mobility management and IP-based BS architecture • Although the latency is higher than other schemes that assume some layer-2 coordination, the temporary buffering mechanism provides acceptable latency variation

  21. Conclusions (2/2) • IDMP does not assume a tree-like topology and allows easy configuration of variable-sized Pas • Implementation of IDMP • Linux Mobile IP code (MosquitoNet Proj) • MA daemon is modified from HA daemon

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