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QCD Matter: A Search for a Mixed Quark-Hadron Phase

QCD Matter: A Search for a Mixed Quark-Hadron Phase. A.N.Sissakian, A.S.Sorin, V.D.Toneev. XXXIII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS ICHEP'06 Moscow, 26.07- 02.08, 2006. Classification of phase transitions. The n th order phase transition:. is discontinuous.

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QCD Matter: A Search for a Mixed Quark-Hadron Phase

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  1. QCD Matter: A Search for a Mixed Quark-Hadron Phase A.N.Sissakian, A.S.Sorin, V.D.Toneev XXXIII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH ENERGY PHYSICSICHEP'06 Moscow, 26.07- 02.08, 2006

  2. Classification of phase transitions The nth order phase transition: is discontinuous xk - thermodynamic variables F - thermodynamic potential

  3. A mixed phase in different representations λ=1 λ=1 λ=0 0<λ<1 A.S.Khvorostukhin,A.N.Sissakian, V.V.Skokov, A.S.Sorin, V.D.Toneev (to bepublished) λ=0 λ=0 λ=0 0<λ<1 λ=1 λ=1 Discontinuty of A = AII λ+ AII (1 - λ) originates from discontinuty of λ = VII / V μ=const. μ=const. T T Critical end-point => critical end-line => critical end-boundary hypersurface !?

  4. PHASE DIAGRAMS Y.B.Ivanov, V.N.Russkikh, V.D.Toneev,Phys. Rev. C73 044904 (2006) For central collisions at the Nuclotron energy even if an average state of the whole strongly interacting system does not approach the mixed phase, an essential part of the system volume will spend a certain time in the mixed phase.

  5. Systems with two conserving charges EoS: relativistic mean field + bag model H.Mueller, Nucl. Phys. A618, 349 (1997). A.S.Khvorostukhin et al. (to be published). M. DiToro, et al. nucl-th/0602052. T=0 Z/A=ρQ/ρB x=(ρQ - ρB)/(2ρB) x=Z/A-0.5 Hadronic side of the phase boundary decreases with increasing isospin asymmetry. This effect is strongly model dependent.

  6. Semi-central U+U (1 AGeV) collision ρB M. DiToro, et al. nucl-th/0602052. T ρB ε Z/A A rather exotic nuclear matter is formed in a transient time of the order of 10 fm/c, having the baryon density around 3ρ0, the temperature 50-60 MeV, the energy density 500 MeV fm-3 and the proton fraction Z/A between 0.35 and 0.40.

  7. PRESSURE-DENSITY DEPENDENCE FOR TWO CONSERVING CHARGES H.Mueller, Nucl. Phys. A618, 349 (1997). For iso-asymmetric systems (x<0) the pressure changes during the first-order phase transition increasing with the baryon density. The region of the mixed phase is getting larger.

  8. ENTROPY-TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE H.Mueller, Nucl. Phys. A618, 349 (1997). A.S.Khvorostukhin, et al.(to be published). μB=1300 MeV μS=300 MeV μQ =-100 MeV Transition remains the first-order phase transition in the iso-asymmetric matter.

  9. Finite size effects (Coulomb, surface tension) Without finite size effect With finite size effect M. DiToro et al., nucl-th/0602052. A strong dependence of the transition boundary on Z/A survives.

  10. Signals and precursors , M.Volkov,E.Kuraev,D.Blaschke, G.R¨opke, S.Schmidt, PLB(1998); Chiku and Hatsuda, PRD58 (‘98); Hatsuda, Kunihiro and Shimizu, PRL82 (’99).

  11. Observation of new resonance structure in the invariant mass spectrum of two γ-quanta in dC-interactions at momentum 2.75 GeV/c per nucleon Newresonance: M = 355±6±9 MeV, Г = 41±12 MeV, σ~ 0.6 μb (prelim.), statistics: 2680±310 events of 1.5·106 triggered interactions of a total number3·1012dC-interactions The η-meson: Mη=540.5±2.1 MeV, Wresolution=67.2±4.0 MeV, statistics: 5200 events of 1.5·106 triggered interactions of a total number3·1012 dC-interactions Invariant mass distribution of pairs of γ-quanta in the d + C → γ + γ + х reaction after subtraction of the event-mixing background. The signals-to-background ratios for the invariant mass intervals300 ÷ 420 MeV and 480 ÷ 600 MeV (η) are 2.7·10-2and 8.9·10-2 ((4.0±1.4)·10-3and 3.2·10-2 without the background suppression). Kh.U. Abraamyan, A.N. Sissakian, A.S. Sorin, nucl-ex/0607027

  12. STATISTICAL FLUCTUATIONS Central Pb+Pb collisions Positive hadrons Negative hadrons V.V.Begun, M.I.Gorenstein, et al., nucl-th/0606036 The exact charge conservation is very important in the Nuclotron energy. While the energy Elab~ 10 A GeV is approached, the resonance decay is getting sizable. Isotopic asymmetry results in essentially different behavior of the reduced dispersions ω- and ω+ in the Nuclotron energy range Elab < 10 A GeV.

  13. NUCLOTRON JINR Project parameters:maximum energy 5 GeV/nucl.fornuclei with А ~ 200. Upgraded Nuclotron: up to 10 GeV/nucl.

  14. Phases of strongly interacting matter . Nuclotron http://www.gsi.de/

  15. FAIR GSI . Nuclotron

  16. Conclusions • A study of the phase diagram in the domain populated by heavy-ion • collisions with the bombarding energy ~ 5 ÷10GeV/nucleontosearch for the mixed phase seems to be avery attractive task. • 2. The use of the isospin asymmetry as anadditional conserving parameter to characterize the created hotand dense system attracts new interest in this problem (critical end-boundary hypersurface ? ). • 3. The available theoretical predictions are stronglymodel dependent giving ratherdispersive results. There are nolattice QCD predictions for this highly nonpertubative region. Much theoretical work should be done and only future experimentsmaydisentangle these models. • A JINR Nuclotron possibility of accelerating heavy ions to theproject energy of 5A GeV and increasing it up to 10A GeV can berealized in two-three years. This will enable us to effort aunique opportunity for scanning heavy-ion interactions in energy,centrality and isospin asymmetry. It seems to beoptimal to have the gold and uranium beams in order to scan inisospin asymmetry in both central and semi-central collisions atnot so high temperatures.

  17. We greatly appreciate many useful and valuable discussions with Yu.P.Gangrsky, G.G.Gulbikyan, M.G.Itkis, A.D.Kovalenko, R.Lednicky, A.I.Malakhov,I.N.Meshkov, Yu.E.Penionshkevich, G.M.Ter-Akopyan; Kh.Y.Abraamyan, J.G.Brankov,A.S.Khvorostukhin, V.B.Priezzhev, V.V.Skokov, D.N.Voskresensky; M.Gazdzicki, M.Gorenstein, H.Gutbrod,T.Hollman, Yu.M.Sinyukov, G.M.Zinovjev; V.G. Kadyshevsky, V.A. Matveev and A.N. Tavkhelidze

  18. THANK YOU FOR ATTENTION!

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