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Five Themes of Geography

Five Themes of Geography. First…. What is Geography? geography comes from Greek word “geographia” – literally means to “describe the earth” geography = study of the distribution and interaction of physical and human features on earth. Five Themes. Location Place

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Five Themes of Geography

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  1. FiveThemes of Geography

  2. First… • What is Geography? • geography comes from Greek word “geographia” – literally means to “describe the earth” • geography = study of the distribution and interaction of physical and human features on earth

  3. Five Themes • Location • Place • Human/Environmental Interaction • Movement • Region

  4. LOCATION “Where are we?” • Absolute Location: • Latitude and longitude (global location) • Van Horn is located at 31°N, 104°W • Street address (local location)

  5. Lines of Latitude • RUN east and west • MEASURE north and south • Equator at 0° • Also called parallels

  6. Lines of Longitude • RUN north and south • MEASURE east and west • Prime Meridian at 0° • Int’l Date Line at 180° Page 510 of your text We’ll come back to why it’s important! • Also called meridians

  7. Practice • So which direction comes first when giving coordinates? • North or South • Which direction comes second? • East or West • Get out the desk atlas and find the absolute location for • St. Petersburg, Russia • Cuzco, Peru • Johannesburg, South Africa

  8. LOCATION • Relative Location: • Described by landmarks, time, distance from one place to another, etc. • Van Horn is east of El Paso • The U.S. is south of Canada

  9. PLACE “What kind of place is it?” • Physical Characteristics: • Mountains, rivers, wildlife, beaches, etc. • Houston is very humid • East TX has many forests • West TX is ?

  10. PLACE • Human/Cultural Characteristics: • Buildings, roads, clothing, food, people • New York City is full of tall skyscrapers • Bangladesh is densely populated  People then develop an image of the place based on experience

  11. HUMAN / ENVIRONMENTAL INTERACTION • Humans adapt to env.: • Wearing clothing suitable for weather (ppl Δ) • Humans modify env.: • Building a tunnel thru a mtn. • Humans depend on env.: • Need water for food, transportation

  12. MOVEMENT • Movement of people, goods, and information & ideas • Through travel, trade, internet, political events, etc.

  13. MOVEMENT What are some ideas that move? How do we depend on people in other places? What if transportation changed?

  14. Transportation of humans Immigration/Migration (Push/Pull factors??)

  15. REGION • definition = area of earth’s surface with similar characteristics • Geographers categorize regions in 3 ways: A. formal regions B. functional regions C. perceptual/vernacular regions

  16. REGION Formal (uniform) regions: • Defined by govn’t. (U.S.A, Brazil, Texas) • Or physical features (Rockies, Great Lake States) • Or common characteristic (Corn Belt, Rust Belt)

  17. REGION • Functional regions: organized around a set of interactions and connection between places • a newspaper’s distribution route, metropolitan areas

  18. REGION • Vernacular/Perceptual regions: • people perceive the characteristics of the region in the same way (loosely defined) • The Middle East (formal, too?) • Bible Belt – southeastern states in U.S. – strict Protestants

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