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Practical Phonetics Week 5

Practical Phonetics Week 5. Classifying sounds: place and manner of articulation Where and how sounds are made. Thinking about sounds. Say ‘mmmm’ – where is the ‘m’ sound produced? It’s a bilabial consonant (this is the place of articulation ) Pinch your nose – what happens?

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Practical Phonetics Week 5

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  1. Practical Phonetics Week 5 Classifying sounds: place and manner of articulation Where and how sounds are made

  2. Thinking about sounds • Say ‘mmmm’ – where is the ‘m’ sound produced? It’s a bilabial consonant (this is the place of articulation) • Pinch your nose – what happens? It stops: it’s a nasal (not an oral) consonant • Put your fingers in your ears – what do you hear? The vibrations of the vocal cords: it’s a voiced consonant

  3. Some places of articulation: bilabial consonants lips p pie b buym mutew wood

  4. Labiodental consonants upper teeth lower lip f finev vine

  5. Dental consonants upper teeth tip of tongue θthin ð this

  6. Alveolar consonants alveolar ridge tip/blade of tongue t tied dies Sue z zoo n night l light

  7. Post-alveolar / palato-alveolar consonants ʃ shoe, pressureƷ pleasure ʧcheapʤjeep r rack

  8. Palatal consonants j yes

  9. Velar consonants velum back of tongue k curl g girl ŋ rang

  10. Some manners of articulation: plosives (think explosion) or stops Bilabial: p b Alveolar: t d Velar: k g

  11. Fricatives (think friction) Palato-alveolar or post-alveolar: ʃ Ʒ Labiodental: f v Alveolar: s z

  12. OralNasal (Velum is lowered, allowing air to enter the nasal cavity)

  13. Nasals Bilabial: m Alveolar: n Velar: ŋ

  14. Other consonants • Affricates (a combination of stop + fricative): ʧ = voiceless post-alveolar affricate ʤ = voiced post-alveolar affricate • Approximant (articulators approach each other but do not touch): w r j • Lateral (also called lateral approximant; air flows over sides of tongue): l

  15. Summary of Places of Articulation Bilabial (lips) p b m w Labiodental (lips and teeth) f fine v vine Dental (tongue and teeth) θthinð then Alveolar (tongue and alveolar ridge) t d s z n l Palato-alveolar (tongue and front part of hard palate) ʃ shoe ʒ measure ʧ cheap ʤ jeep r Palatal (tongue and hard palate) j yes Velar (tongue and velum) k g ŋ running Glottal (glottis) h

  16. Summary of manners of articulation • Plosive / Stop p b t d k g • Fricative f v θð s z ʃ ʒ h • Affricate (stop + fricative) ʧ ʤ • Nasal m n ŋ • Approximants w r j (central) l (lateral)

  17. Classifying consonants • Voiced or voiceless • Place of articulation • (Central or lateral) • (Oral or nasal) • Manner of articulation Example 1 : s (sing): • A voiceless, alveolar, (central), (oral) fricative • A voiceless, alveolar plosive/stop = ? /t/ What is /k/? - A voiceless, velar plosive/stop

  18. The International Phonetic Alphabet: the English consonants Full IPA with audio illustrations: http://web.uvic.ca/ling/resources/ipa/charts/IPAlab/IPAlab.htm

  19. And finally…an x-ray (not x-rated) movie: • http://www.practicalphonetics.com/seeing%20through%20speech.htm • Review activities • Complete the “Classifying Consonants” chart • Labels practice: http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/johnm/flash/phonflashrp.htm • Symbols practice: • http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/johnm/flash/findrp.htm

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