Bertha von Suttner( 1913)

1. “If so many seeds have been sown, surely the weeds will sprout up soon and surely so much stockpiled gunpowder will explode.” Bertha von Suttner(1913) HOW does this quote represent the causes of WWI?

2. ALLIANCES TRIPLE ALLIANCE vs. TRIPLE ENTENTE Germany France Austria-Hungary Russia Italy Britain Serbia when WWI starts becomes Central Powersvs.Allies Germany France Austria-Hungary Russia Ottoman Empire Britain Bulgaria Italy US Japan

3. Schlieffen Plan two-front plan beat France quickly and then fight Russa go through neutral Belgium, but… Britain declared war The Western Front became a stalemate, and Germany had to fight a two-front war fronts in Asia and Africa in the colonies rationing War Techniques  Trench Warfare

4. The Course of the War • War broke out in 1914 • Allied Powers vs Central Powers • Battle of Marne- allied troops pushed Germans back 60 miles; made the Schlieffen plan no longer effective • Germany now had to focus on the larger foe(Russia). • Focus of troops moved to the eastern front.

5. Trench Warfare • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G9iR0xJW-Fk • What were two techniques that were used during trench warfare? • How was construction of the trench important to safety and defense ? • Trench warfare- war of position…stalemate war • Trench warfare resulted in the loss of many lives on both sides of the trenches

6. New Technologies of WWI • u-boats • airplanes • tanks • poisonous gas • machine guns trench warfare “no man’s land” “over the top”

13. Russia in the War withdrewlost • Russian Revolution Mensheviks, Bolsheviks

14. “The Great War”“The War to End All Wars” Why was it a WORLD war? 1. fighting on land, sea, air, underwater 2. 6/7 continents; 35 countries 3. 65,000,000 casualties Total war draft  women roles; rationing Global Extent of War colonies India, China join Allies Arab countries join Allies (Lawrence of Arabia)

16. Cost of the War in Every Day Values The cost of World War I $331,600,000,000 – meaning the world could have furnished: • Every family in England, France, Belgium, Germany, Russia, the U.S., Canada and Australia with a $2,500 house on a $500 one-acre lot, with $1,000 worth of furniture and • A $5,000,000 library for every community of 200,000 population in each of the countries and • $10,000 for each of these communities • A fund at 5% interest would yield enough to pay indefinitely $1,000 a year to 125,000 teachers and 125,000 nurses and • Still leave enough funds to purchase every piece of property and all the wealth in Belgium and France at the fair market price

18. The Treaty of Versailles US rejects Treaty of Versailles Germany resents Treaty of Versailles circumstances under which it was signed war-guilt clause  humiliation reparations (means compensation or money to make up for something)

19. Empires Ended Germany Ottoman Empire Austria-Hungary New countries Poland Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia Finland Yugoslavia Revolutions Germany  Weimar Republic Ottoman Empire  Turkey (secular democracy) Russia  USSR (communist country) Austria Hungary Turkey Czechoslovakia The War’s Aftermath

20. Europe 1914 Europe 1918