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Training Birdie

Training Birdie. Stefan Rudat. 1. ATecoM GmbH. 06/10/2008. Agenda. <Overview> < Front Panel > <Short flashback Network Protocols > < Ethernet Basics > < IP Header > < VLAN > < IGMP > < RTP > <MPEG - TS over IP> < Forward Error Correction 1D / 2D > < FEC Overhead >

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Training Birdie

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  1. Training Birdie Stefan Rudat 1 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  2. Agenda • <Overview> • < Front Panel > • <Short flashback Network Protocols > • < Ethernet Basics > • < IP Header > • < VLAN > • < IGMP > • < RTP > • <MPEG - TS over IP> • < Forward Error Correction 1D / 2D > • < FEC Overhead > • <Birdie license Model > 2 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  3. Agenda • <hands on> • < Setup Ethernet IP > • < Setup ASI Output session > • < Setup ASI Input session > • < Web GUI> • < OPSH > • < Troubleshooting> • no slides live introduction • no slides live introduction 3 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  4. Overview • Bi-directional DVB-AS to IP Converter • Signal chain 4 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  5. Birdie front panel 5 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  6. Ethernet Basics Ethernet Type II Frame ( 64 to 1518 bytes 7 Byte AA preamble/SFD 00:50:66:00:20:6C Destination MAC Adress 00:00:D1:EE:D2:65 Source MAC Adress 08 00 Ethernet Type IP,ARP, etc Payload 00 31 20 3A CRC Checksum Data ( 46 -1500 byte ) MAC Header 14 Byte 4 byte 6 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  7. IP HeaderType of Service & Time to Live 7 Byte AA preamble/SFD 00:50:66:00:20:6C Destination MAC Adress 00:00:D1:EE:D2:65 Source MAC Adress VlAN-TAG 4 Byte 08 00 Ethernet Type IP,ARP, etc Payload 00 31 20 3A CRC Checksum IP 20 byte UDP 8 byte RTP 12 byte Payload 4 IHLHLl ToS 16 Bit total Lenght 16 Bit Identification flags 13 Bit fragmet offset TTL protocol 16 Bit header crc 32 Bit source IP address 32 Bit destination IP address 7 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  8. IP HeaderType of Service & Time to Live 4 IHLHLl ToS 16 Bit total Lenght 16 Bit Identification flags 13 Bit fragmet offset TTL protocol 16 Bit header crc 32 Bit source IP address 32 Bit destination IP address * Version (always set to the value 4 in the current version of IP) * IP Header Length (number of 32 -bit words forming the header, usually five)* Type of Service (ToS)* Size of Datagram (in bytes, this is the combined length of the header and the data) * Identification ( 16-bit number which together with the source address uniquely identifies this packet - used during reassembly of fragmented datagrams)* Flags (a sequence of three flags (one of the 4 bits is unused) used to control whether routers are allowed to fragment a packet (i.e. the Don't Fragment, DF, flag), and to indicate the parts of a packet to the receiver)* Fragmentation Offset * Time To Live (Number of hops /links which the packet may be routed over, decremented by most routers - used to prevent accidental routing loops)* Protocol (Service Access Point (SAP) indicates the type of transport (e.g. 1 = ICMP; 2= IGMP; 6 = TCP; 17= UDP).* Header Checksum (A 1's complement checksum inserted by the sender and updated whenever the packet header is modified by a router Used to detect processing errors introduced into* Source Address (the IP address of the original sender of the packet)* Destination Address (the IP address of the final destination of the packet) 8 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  9. Type of Service 3 Bit Precedence 1 Bit Delay 1Bit Throughput 1 Bit Reliability 1 Bit Cost 1 Bit MBZ Support for ToS in routers may become a must in the future, but for now it’s only a ‘should’. Precedence - The following table details the precedence bits and their possible values: 000 (0) - Routine 001 (1) - Priority 010 (2) - Immediate 011 (3) - Flash 100 (4) - Flash Override 101 (5) - Critical 110 (6) - Internetwork Control 111 (7) - Network Control Now the TOS bits themselves: Delay - when set to '1' the packet requests low delay. Throughout - when set to '1' the packet requests high throughput. Reliability - when set to '1' the packet requests high reliability. Cost - when set to '1' the packet has a low cost. MBZ - checking bit. 9 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  10. Virtual Local Area NetworkVLAN 7 Byte AA preamble/SFD 00:50:66:00:20:6C Destination MAC Adress 00:00:D1:EE:D2:65 Source MAC Adress 08 00 Ethernet Type IP,ARP, etc Payload 00 31 20 3A CRC Checksum VlAN-TAG 4 Byte 10 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  11. Virtual Local Area NetworkVLAN VlAN-TAG 4 Byte TIP 2 byte Priority 3 Bit CFI 1 Bit VID 12 Bit Tag Protocol Identifier VLAN Identifier ID 0 and 4095 reserved 4096 different VLANs User Priority Canonical Format Indicator ( bit order ) 11 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  12. Virtual Local Area NetworkVLAN VLAN ID 100 VLAN ID 200 VLAN ID 100 VLAN ID 100 VLAN ID 100 VLAN ID 200 VLAN ID 200 VLAN ID 200 No Broadcast and Multicast traffic between different VLANs 12 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  13. Multicast source Router Router Router Router Router Router Router IGMPv1 host Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP)VLAN IGMP Version 1 IGMPv1 (IETF RFC 1122) supports two types of protocol messages: membership query and membership report messages. An IGMPv1 host sends a report when it joins a multicast group. An IGMPv1 router queries periodically using query messages to determine the active members of a group. Whenever a host receives a query message, it responds with report messages (one report per group) for all its associated multicast groups. 13 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  14. RTPReal-Time Transport Protocol RTP RTCP TCP UDP IP Ethernet 14 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  15. RTPReal-Time Transport Protocol 7 Byte AA preamble/SFD 00:50:66:00:20:6C Destination MAC Adress 00:00:D1:EE:D2:65 Source MAC Adress VlAN-TAG 4 Byte 08 00 Ethernet Type IP,ARP, etc Payload 00 31 20 3A CRC Checksum IP 20 byte UDP 8 byte RTP 12 byte Payload Ver P X CC M PT Sequence Number Timestamp SSRC identifier CSRC identifiers Extension header (optional). 15 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  16. RTPReal-Time Transport Protocol Ver P X CC M PT Sequence Number Timestamp SSRC identifier CSRC identifiers Extension header (optional). 16 Ver. : (2 bits) Indicates the version of the protocol. Current version is 2.P : (1 bit) Used to indicate if there are extra padding bytes at the end of the RTP packet.X (1 bit) Indicates if the extensions to the protocol are being used in the packet.CC (4 bits) Contains the number of CSRC identifiers that follow the fixed header.M (1 bit) Used at the application level and is defined by a profile. If it is set, it means that the current data has some special relevance for the application.PT (7 bits) Indicates the format of the payload and determines its interpretation by the application. SSRC Indicates the synchronization source.CSRC Contributing source ID. Extension Indicates the length of the extension (EHL=extension header length) in 32bit units, header excluding the 32bits of the extension header. ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  17. RTP • used for the transport of real-time data, including audio and video • includes: • timing reconsruction • loss detection • security and content identification • RTP does not address resource reservation • does not guarantee quality-of-service for real time services 17 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  18. MPEG-TS over IP 7 Byte AA preamble/SFD Ethernet Header IP /UDP/RTP Header Payload 00 31 20 3A CRC Checksum Data ( 46 -1500 byte ) MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) is 1500 byte MPEG 2 188 Byte MPEG 2 188 Byte MPEG 2 188 Byte MPEG 2 188 Byte MPEG 2 188 Byte MPEG 2 188 Byte MPEG 2 188 Byte Note: Packet must be transmitted without fragmentation ! Seven MPEG 2 packets in one Ethernet Frame optimize the protocol overhead and is more cost efficient than transporting one MPEG 2 packet per Frame. 18 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  19. Overview Frame 188 Byte 188 Byte 188 Byte 14 Byte 20 Byte 8 Byte 12 Byte 4 Byte Ethernet header IP header UDP header RTP header MPEG TS Payload Ethernet CRC * IEEE802.3 Ethernet MTU 1500 Byte -> 7 TS Packets * Jumbo frames with larger MTU exist, but IP fragmentation is not allowed 19 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  20. Forward Error CorrectionFEC 1D L Columns TS stream TS 1 TS 2 TS 3 TS 4 TS 5 TS 6 TS 6 D rows TS 7 TS 8 TS 9 TS 10 TS 11 TS 13 TS 14 TS 15 TS 16 TS 17 TS 18 TS 19 TS 20 TS 21 TS stream TS 22 TS 23 TS 24 TS 25 TS 26 TS 27 TS 28 FEC 1 FEC 2 FEC 3 FEC 4 FEC 5 FEC 6 FEC 7 FEC Stream 20 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  21. Example of correction TS 1 TS 2 TS 3 TS 4 TS 5 TS 6 TS 6 TS 7 TS 8 TS 9 TS 10 TS 11 TS 12 TS 23 TS 24 TS 15 TS 16 TS 17 TS 18 TS 19 TS 20 TS 21 TS 22 TS 23 TS 24 TS 25 TS 26 TS 27 FEC 1 FEC 2 FEC 3 FEC 4 FEC 5 FEC 6 FEC 7 21 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  22. Example of Correctionlimitation TS 1 TS 2 TS 3 TS 4 TS 5 TS 6 TS 6 ? TS 7 TS 8 TS 9 TS 10 TS 11 TS 12 TS 13 ? TS 13 TS 15 TS 16 TS 17 TS 18 TS 19 TS 20 ? TS 21 TS 22 TS 23 TS 24 TS 25 TS 26 TS 27 ? FEC 1 FEC 2 FEC 3 FEC 4 FEC 5 FEC 6 FEC 7 22 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  23. Forward Error CorrectionFEC 2D L Columns TS stream TS 1 TS 2 TS 3 TS 4 TS 5 TS 6 TS 6 FEC D1 D rows TS 7 TS 8 TS 9 TS 10 TS 11 TS 13 TS 14 FEC D2 TS 15 TS 16 TS 17 TS 18 TS 19 TS 20 TS 21 FEC D3 TS stream TS 22 TS 23 TS 24 TS 25 TS 26 TS 27 TS 28 FEC D4 FEC L1 FEC L2 FEC L3 FEC L4 FEC L5 FEC L6 FEC L7 FEC Stream 23 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  24. Example of correction TS 1 TS 2 TS 3 TS 4 TS 5 TS 6 TS 6 FEC D1 TS 7 TS 8 TS 9 TS 10 TS 11 TS 13 TS 14 FEC D2 TS 15 TS 16 TS 17 TS 18 TS 19 TS 20 TS 21 FEC D3 TS 22 TS 23 TS 24 TS 25 TS 26 TS 27 TS 28 FEC D4 FEC L1 FEC L2 FEC L3 FEC L4 FEC L5 FEC L6 FEC L7 24 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  25. UDP UDP UDP RTP RTP IP IP RTP IP Column FEC packets Row FEC packets MPEG-TS packets Data stream TS and FEC Media UDP Port n UDP Port n +2 UDP Port n +4 Same destination IP address unicast or multicast 25 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  26. UDP UDP UDP RTP RTP IP IP RTP IP ColumnFECpackets RowFECpackets MPPEG TS Data stream TS and FEC • The receiving host can use : • MPEG Stream without FEC • MPEG Stream with 1D FEC • MEPG Stream with 2D FEC 26 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  27. FEC Transmission overhead related to pure RTP 27 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  28. You pay only for features you need • License available for: • ASI Port Input ( ASI to IP ) • ASI Pot Output ( IP to ASI ) • COP3 FEC • 1000base T • SFP • unique License Key valid for one Unit, 28 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  29. Birdie as Test Pattern Generator ASI OUT ASI IN gb-0 Demo Setup 29 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  30. Hands on Setup Ethernet Interface The serial port operates at 115200Baud, 8N1. The serial port is mainly used for initial configuration Target: Setup Ethernet IP addressSetup default gateway Establish http connection 30 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  31. Hands on Setup IP to ASI and IP to ASI Target: Setup Gbe-0 IP adressSetup ASI Session for ASI Output Setup ASI Session for ASI Input 31 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  32. Target 32 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  33. HTTP Interface 33 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  34. OPSH 34 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  35. Troubleshooting • Network Interfaces >net show NET INTERFACE:DESCR IF OPER-STATUS ADMIN-STATUS MTU PHYS-ADDR TX-OCT RX-OCT"lo" 1 up up 16436 190412 190412"eth0" 2 up up 1500 00:50:66:00:20:6c 871270 1051075"gbe-0" 3 up up 1500 00:50:66:00:20:6d 98806 2878344372"mt-0" 4 up up 204 1295829668 0"dai-0" 5 up up 204 0 0"mt-1" 7 up up 204 0 1376880792"dao-1" 9 up up 204 0 0NET INTERFACE: ADDR IF MASK 10.2.0.209 eth0 255.255.255.010.10.10.10 gbe-0 255.255.255.0 127.0.0.1 lo 255.0.0.0 35 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  36. Troubleshooting • Network Interfaces net ethernet showETHERNET CONFIG: NAME AUTONEG PORT SPEED DUPLEX eth0 enabled tp any anygbe-0 enabled fibre any any 36 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  37. Troubleshooting • Video video showVIDEO INTERFACE INPUT: NAME SESSION ENCAPS COP3-FEC D L MC-TTL TOS MPEG-FEC IF-ID ADMIN-STATUS OPER-STATUS"mt-0" gbe-0 239.0.0.2:1234 rtp fec2d 6 4 7 00 false "" up upVIDEO PORT INPUT: NAME PORT-TYPE PORT-ID ADMIN-STATUS OPER-STATUS"dai-0" input "" up upVIDEO INTERFACE OUTPUT: NAME SESSION ENCAPS MPEG-TYPE CLK-MODE IPTV-RXT IF-ID ADMIN-STATUS OPER-STATUS"mt-1" gbe-0 239.0.0.10:1234 rtp auto adaptive 200 usec "" up upVIDEO PORT OUTPUT: NAME PORT-TYPE FRAME-TYPE KEEP-IDLE-CARRIER PORT-ID ADMIN-STATUS OPER-STATUS"dao-1" output packet false "" up up 37 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  38. Troubleshooting • tcpdump -i <interface> -c <packets> port <n> Trace MPEG Stream to port 1234 # tcpdump -i gbe-0 -c 10 port 1234tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decodelistening on gbe-0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 68 bytes09:11:03.458333 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1234: UDP, length: 132809:11:03.468982 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1234: UDP, length: 132809:11:03.468997 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1238: UDP, length: 134409:11:03.469013 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1236: UDP, length: 134409:11:03.479628 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1234: UDP, length: 132809:11:03.490276 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1234: UDP, length: 132809:11:03.500923 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1234: UDP, length: 132809:11:03.511570 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1234: UDP, length: 132809:11:03.511585 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1238: UDP, length: 134409:11:03.511600 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1236: UDP, length: 134410 packets captured • Use gbe-0.<n> for VLAN e.g tcpdump -i gbe-0.100 -c 10 port 1234 38 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

  39. Troubleshooting • tcpdump -i <interface> -c <packets> port <n> Trace FEC Stream to port 1236 tcpdump -i gbe-0 -c 10 port 1236tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decodelistening on gbe-0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 68 bytes09:15:14.836835 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1236: UDP, length: 134409:15:14.879428 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1236: UDP, length: 134409:15:14.922016 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1236: UDP, length: 134409:15:14.964606 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1236: UDP, length: 134409:15:15.007199 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1236: UDP, length: 134409:15:15.049786 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1236: UDP, length: 134409:15:15.092377 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1236: UDP, length: 134409:15:15.134970 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1236: UDP, length: 134409:15:15.177557 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1236: UDP, length: 134409:15:15.220147 IP 10.9.9.122.1234 > 239.0.0.10.1236: UDP, length: 134410 packets captured 39 ATecoM GmbH 06/10/2008

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