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LKL Lunchtime Seminar. MoSAIC: Models for Synchronous Audiographic Conferencing. Tim Neumann Dr Sara de Freitas Institute of Education Serious Games Institute. Overview. Synchronous Audiographic Conferencing Project Phase 1 Teachers as Media Producers in Virtual Classrooms
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LKL Lunchtime Seminar MoSAIC: Models for Synchronous Audiographic Conferencing Tim Neumann Dr Sara de FreitasInstitute of Education Serious Games Institute
Overview • Synchronous Audiographic Conferencing • Project Phase 1 • Teachers as Media Producers in Virtual Classrooms • Project Phase 2 • MoSAIC • Web Conferencing at the LKL
Audiographic Conferencing Synchronous Audiographic Conferencing
Audiographic Conferencing The Technology Synchronous Audiographic Conferencing Combination of: real-time tools for visual interaction while talking
Audiographic Conferencing Cyclops • McConnell, D. (1983). Sharing the screen. Media in education and development, 16 (2).
Functionality TEXT-BASED TOOLS . Presence Indicators . Chat Logs . Transcripts . Private Messaging . Instant Messaging . Moderated Chat . Avatars . Entry Announcements . Exit Announcements . Action Messages . Sound Effects . Text Formatting . LIVE AUDIO AND VIDEO TOOLS . Live Audio . Voice-over-IP . Broadcast . Half Duplex . Full Duplex . Audio Controls . Telephony Integration . Live Video . Floating Video Display . Bandwidth Detection . CONTENT, DISPLAY, AND INTERACTIVE TOOLS . Virtual Whiteboard . Moderated Use and Accountability . Image Imports . Layers . object-oriented . Application Sharing . Screen Sharing . File Transfer . Slide Showing . Background Loading . Special Effects . Slide Libraries . Course Map . Site Map Integration . Guided Web Tours . Clickable Hyperlinks . Previewing . Filtering . Polling . Quizzes . Question Types . Display of Results . Online Course Integration . VLE Integration . Activity Indicators . Remote Screen Viewing . Multimedia . Breakout Rooms . Recording and Playback . Navigation and Searching . Feedback . Availability . Editing . Automatic Technical Checks . Three-Dimensional Rendering of Space and People . Specialised Tools . Templates . and more… Finkelstein, J (2006). Learning in Real Time. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass
Audiographic Conferencing Main Functions • VoIP: “Internet Telephony” • Text Chat • Shared Whiteboard • Co-Browsing • Other Collaborative Tools • Video Streaming
Audiographic Conferencing Video? • Rosell-Aguilar: • Slows down quality of audio • Sweller: • Impedes learning, distractive, contradictory • Matarazzo & Sellen: • Low quality more effective for task collaboration • A number of researchers: • No significant advantage
Audiographic Conferencing Video! • For particular purposes • Align with other media
Audiographic Conferencing SAC in Distance Education. Why? • Flexibility for personalised human support • Community building, creating a sense of belonging • The voice as low-threshold communication mode • Motivation to participate (somebody is waiting) • Reflecting/responding under time pressure • Practicing oral rethorics & ICT skills • Effective role-play opportunities • Walk-through opportunities for complex issues • Force learners out of their comfort zone
Phase 1 Project Phase 1: Teachers as Media Producers in Virtual Classrooms
Audiographic Conferencing Parent Framework ICE CReaM Interactive and Collaborative E-Learning using Creative Real-Time Media
CDE Projects Teachers as Media Producers inVirtual ClassroomsNov 2005 – Oct 2006 MoSAIC:Models for Synchronous Audiographic Interactive ConferencingNov 2006 – Aug 2008 to examine roles oflecturers when using realtime conferencing to develop models reflecting pedagogical theory and addressing specifics of realtime conferencing Nov 05 Nov 06 Nov 07 Aug 08
? Phase 1: Teachers as Media Producers Main Aim: under-standing skills Voice-over-IP Roles Chat / Messaging Audiographic Conferencing Live Quizzes Graphics Instant Feedback Video Audio Shared Whiteboard Application Sharing Text
A Media Production Metaphor Suggested Roles - Preparation: • www.skillset.org & Honthaner, E.L. (2001). The Complete Film Production Handbook. Oxford: Focal Press.
A Media Production Metaphor Perceived Roles - Preparation: • Very High: • Manager • High: • Producer, Author, Correspondent, Programmer • Average: • Director, Engineer, Production Designer • Low: • Choreographer, Storyboard Artist,Screenwriter, Graphic Artist
A Media Production Metaphor Suggested Roles - Implementation: • www.skillset.org & Honthaner, E.L. (2001). The Complete Film Production Handbook. Oxford: Focal Press.
A Media Production Metaphor Perceived Roles - Implementation: • Very High: • Presenter, Moderator, Speaker • High: • Instructional Designer, Operator, Director • Average: • Teacher, Engineer, Correspondent, Narrator • Low: • Performer, Runner, Gaffer, Actor
A Media Production Metaphor Perceived Roles - Free Text: • Overwhelmingly: • Participant • Observer • Passive Listener • Individual Responses: • Spectator • Active Listener • Learner
Phase 1: Teachers as Media Producers Conclusions • General recommendation of SAC?No • Recommendation of SAC for specific purposes?Yes
Phase 2 Project Phase 2: Models for Synchronous Audiographic Interactive Conferencing
Phase 2: MoSAIC Models for Synchronous Audiographic Interactive Conferencing Project Scoping ofSAC use at UoL User Testing Data Analysis Review ofPedagogicalModels Nov 06 Sep 07 Feb 08 May 08
Discipline Learning Objectives Context Assessment Conceptions Accreditation Theory Resources Learner Background Voice-over-IP Chat / Messaging Graphics Live Quizzes Video Instant Feedback Audio Shared Whiteboard Text Application Sharing Phase 2: MoSAIC Pedagogical Framework MoSAIC: Purpose MoSAIC: SMAP PracticalApplication
Phase 2: MoSAIC Review of Pedagogical Models • Generic Pedagogical Models and Frameworks:available • Specific Pedagogical Models for SAC:scarce Scoping Review
Phase 2: MoSAIC - Review Salmon: Five-Stage Model From http://www.atimod.com/e-moderating/5stage.shtml
Phase 2: MoSAIC - Review Laurillard: Conversational Framework From http://www2.smumn.edu/deptpages/~instructTech/lol/laurillard/index.htm
Phase 2: MoSAIC - Review Garrison & Anderson: Community of Inquiry From http://communitiesofinquiry.com/
Phase 2: MoSAIC – Beyond the Review Four-Dimensional Framework Sara de Freitas
Phase 2: MoSAIC – The Missing Link Synchronous Media Attribution Process Tim Neumann & Sara de Freitas
Phase 2: MoSAIC – Scoping Study Scoping Review
Phase 2: MoSAIC Current Steps • Further development of FDF & SMAP • Model & User testing Scoping Review
Use Case 1 • Teaching remote students Scoping Review
Use Case 2 • Remote guest expert lectures Scoping Review
Use Case 3 • F2F session recording Scoping Review
Use Case 4 • 24/7 Helpdesk / Virtual Office(also: one-to-one training / tutorials) Scoping Review
Use Case 5 • Supervision sessions(also: assignment feedback) Scoping Review
Use Case 6 • Remote Vivas(also: interviews, remote demonstrations) Scoping Review
Use Case 7 • Webcasts Scoping Review
Use Case 8 • Lecture / Conference Simulcasts Scoping Review
Use Case 9 • Multiple Venue Production Scoping Review
Use Case 10 • Multi-group meetings and activities BreakoutRooms Scoping Review
MVP Case Study Multiple Venue Production Location Moderator
MVP Case Study • Training: • Location Moderators (2 sessions) • Session Design: • Review of questions • Slide development • Time planning • Pedagogic strategy • Communication: • Constant contact with Location Moderators MVP Preparation • Preparation: • Location Moderator Training Session • Training: • Presenter • Content: • Handout of pre-session content • Request for questions • Organisation: • Location Registration • One Email: • 32 locations • late comers accepted • Preparation: • IT guidelines • Awareness Raising: • One Email: • CPD Depts. • Good response • Start: • Presenter OK • Topic • Strategy 21 March November December January February March
MVP Case Study MVP Session Design • Part 1: (70 minutes) • Ten-Minute Presentation • Collaborative Activity: • Two polling questions (yes/no) [shared whiteboard] • One question for 3-minute local discussion [chat / mic] • Repeat 4x (= 5 sequences in total) • Part 2: (50 minutes) • Local group discussion (15 minutes) • Responses from individual locations • Open Q&A session
MVP Case Study Participant Survey • Session Quality: • High satisfaction with the session • Very positive learning experience • Many opportunities for local interaction • Not many opportunities for online interaction • Only average involvement of participants • Good organisation
Web Conferencing at the LKL Web Conferencing at the LKL
Audiographic Conferencing Further Information: www.lkl.ac.uk/research/mosaic Tim Neumann t.neumann@ioe.ac.uk www.lkl.ac.uk/LTU