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Learner Mental Health Needs in Iowa

Learner Mental Health Needs in Iowa. August 7, 2014. Agenda. Mental Health Data Great Smokey Mountain Study Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) Brain Development Iowa ACEs Study Iowa Youth Survey What can we do?. About one-third – mental disorder across their lifetimes

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Learner Mental Health Needs in Iowa

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  1. Learner Mental Health Needs in Iowa August 7, 2014

  2. Agenda • Mental Health Data • Great Smokey Mountain Study • Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) • Brain Development • Iowa ACEs Study • Iowa Youth Survey • What can we do?

  3. About one-third – mental disorder across their lifetimes • More than ½ of youth – Co-occurrence with substance abuse • About 8% of teens – ages 13-18 – have anxiety disorder (symptoms? Age 6) • About 11 % - depressive disorder by age 18 • Less than ¼ of adolescents receive treatment

  4. Great Smoky Mountains Study(Published 2011) • 1,420 participants • 11 counties in the southeastern US • Assessed 9 times through ages 9 to 21 • Prevalence for any mental health disorder by adulthood?

  5. 82 % “Only a small percentage of young people meet criteria for a DSM disorder at any given time, but most do by young adulthood. As with other medical illness, psychiatric illness is a nearly universal experience.” (Copeland, Shanahan, Costello, & Angold, 2011)

  6. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study • Vincent Felitti (Kaiser) & Robert Anda (CDC) • Telephone surveys between 1995 and 1997 • White, educated, middle class • 17,000 members of Kaiser Health Plan in San Diego

  7. ACEs – Adverse (Traumatic) Childhood Experiences • 10 types of trauma • Three categories of Trauma • Abuse: physical, sexual, psychological • Neglect: emotional, physical • Household dysfunction: substance abuse, divorce, mental illness, battered mother, criminal behavior

  8. Links childhood trauma to a range of health and social outcomes: Alcoholism Liver disease Heart disease COPD Adolescent pregnancy Depressed Smoking Intimate partner violence

  9. Attempted Suicide Compared with 0 ACEs 1 ACEs 80% increase 4 or more 1,120% increase

  10. What is the impact on learning? Likelihood of a learning delay • 0 ACEs 10% • 4 ACEs 40 % • 6 - 7 ACEs 100%

  11. Children with higher ACE scores are more likely to … • Be designated to special education • Fail a grade • Score lower on a standardized test • Have language difficulties • Be suspended or expelled • Have poorer health

  12. Brain Development • Serve and Return • Toxic Stress

  13. http://developingchild.harvard.edu/key_concepts/toxic_stress_response/

  14. When the brain “downshifts”… • Fight • Flight • Freeze

  15. Even when there is no real threat… Why?

  16. Iowa ACEs Childhood Abuse Household Dysfunction Substance abuse Member imprisoned Mental illness Adult violence Parental separation or divorce • Physical abuse • Psychological abuse • Sexual abuse

  17. At 28% • childhood emotional abuse was the most common ACE • 55% of Iowa adults experienced at least one ACE

  18. Zero ACEs 4 or more ACES 23% rated health poorly 5 – 7 “bad health” days in month • 10% rated health poorly • 1-3 “bad health days”

  19. ACE-related odds of having a physical health condition

  20. ACEs and Depression

  21. School age? • According to the Iowa Youth Survey (2012) 13 percent of Iowa’s youth in grades 6, 8, and 11 ( or 13,772) reported they have seriously thought about killing themselves within the past twelve months • 7 percent (or 7,415) of these young people reported they actually developed a plan to do so • Not all suicides or attempts are due to ACEs

  22. So, what do these results mean to me in my work?

  23. What can we do tomorrow? • Has a sense of belonging, of being welcomed and valued • Is treated with dignity and respect - 2001 Bluestein, Jane: Creating Emotionally Safe Schools

  24. Social emotional learning is an essential condition for academic success • “Survival trumps learning.” (Blodgett, 2012) • Actions learned to survive ACEs are not acceptable in schools.

  25. “Calibrate our relationship and goals to the arousal level of the child.” “New learning cannot occur effectively in high states of painful arousal… Arousal level can be re-regulated to permit access to higher levels of thought and new learning.” Christopher Blodgett, 2012

  26. Example One way Other Way Adult gives direction Child acts out Adult changes goal: de-escalation Child de-escalates Adult changes activity/direction • Adult gives direction • Child acts out • Adult punishes • Child escalates • Adult escalates

  27. How could our policies and practices differ? • Think: What’s wrong with you? • Do: When act out, punish. • Do: When frustrated, become angry. • Think: What happened to you? • Do: When act out, provide calming response or activity. • When frustrated, calm encouragement.

  28. Think about adults with ACEs in Iowa? Teachers? Others? 1 in 3 Iowans experienced 2 or more ACEs 1 in 5 Iowans reported 3 or more ACEs 14% of Iowans experienced 4 or more ACEs

  29. Self-Care • Before a caregiver can help a child manage emotional experiences, the caregiver must manage their own emotional experiences. (Blodgett, 2012)

  30. http://developingchild.harvard.edu/search/?cx=001599101917928556767%3Acfzjkqwnev8&cof=FORID%3A9&ie=UTF-8&q=videos&sa=Search&siteurl=developingchild.harvard.edu%2Fresources%2F&ref=developingchild.harvard.edu%2F&ss=752j131456j6http://developingchild.harvard.edu/search/?cx=001599101917928556767%3Acfzjkqwnev8&cof=FORID%3A9&ie=UTF-8&q=videos&sa=Search&siteurl=developingchild.harvard.edu%2Fresources%2F&ref=developingchild.harvard.edu%2F&ss=752j131456j6

  31. And, by the way… • “ Relationship is the evidence-based practice.” Christopher Blodgett, 2012

  32. Thank you. Web site: Iowa ACES 360

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