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DROUGHTS MANAGEMENT IN SEMI-ARID BRAZIL

DROUGHTS MANAGEMENT IN SEMI-ARID BRAZIL. by CARLOS MOTTA NUNES, M.Sc. National Water Agency of Brazil - ANA Istanbul, March 2009. GEOPOLITICAL NORTHEAST - 9 STATES. MA PI CE RN. AREA: 1,561,177 km 2 18,3% of the National Territory Nº OF MUNICIPALITIES: 1,187

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DROUGHTS MANAGEMENT IN SEMI-ARID BRAZIL

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  1. DROUGHTS MANAGEMENT IN SEMI-ARID BRAZIL by CARLOS MOTTA NUNES, M.Sc. National Water Agency of Brazil - ANA Istanbul, March 2009

  2. GEOPOLITICAL NORTHEAST - 9 STATES MA PI CE RN AREA: 1,561,177 km2 18,3% of the National Territory Nº OF MUNICIPALITIES: 1,187 POPULATION: 47,741,711 Inhabitants URBAN POPULATION: 32,975,425 (69%) RURAL POPULATION: 14,766,286 (31%) HDI (2000) = 0.61 Source: 1- Census 2000 IBGE 2- IDH: IPEA/ FJP – Atlas do Desenvolvimento Humano do Brasil BA PE PB SE AL

  3. Low rain levels, concentrated on 3 months Evaporation much greater than the precipitation Adverse geologic characteristic (Crystalline Rocks) Need for reservation, with adequate water resources management Semi- Arid Problem

  4. Ex: Rains in the Semi-Arid x Rains in Paris • Evaporation in Crateús: 2904.4mm • Average yaerly rain in Crateús (CE): 826.1mm • Average yearly rain in Paris: 641.5mm

  5. THE DROUGHT

  6. ANTECEDENT CONDITIONS FOR DROUGHT MANAGEMENT • CONCEPT: centered on emergency and focusing on • drought “combat”; • INSTRUMENTS: work forces, food and water stamps + water infrastructure without management; • PROBLEMS: local politics interference, maintenance of high deficits, no preparedness for the next drought and high public investments

  7. THE NEW STRATEGY • Water Infrastructure + Water Resources Management • Instruments: • Strengthening of water resources institutions • implementation of IWRM • planning • civil works

  8. Component US$ Million Water resources management and institutional development 37.9 Engineering projects 19.7 Water Infrastructure Development 167.7 11.3 Project Monitoring TOTAL 236.6 PROAGUA – World Bank loan BR 4310

  9. PROAGUA – Water Resources Management Component • State Water Management Institutions implemented (Ceará, Bahia, RN) ; • Water Laws developed in all states; • State Water Resources Plans developed in all States; • Training of Technical Staff; • Hydrologic Monitoring systems improved; • Water permit systems and water charges implemented.

  10. PROÁGUA INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT Population: 4,728,897million Pipelines :2,635km Engineering works: 47

  11. Aracoiaba/Baturité system Treated Water Pumping Station Chaval/Barroquinha pipeline

  12. Cariri – PB System – water treatment plant Water Fountain for disperse population water supply

  13. Pipelines in Rio Grande do Norte

  14. REACHING OUT THE DISPERSE RURAL POPULATION

  15. 2,200,000 RURAL HOMES DO NOT HAVE ADEQUATE WATER SUPPLY Displacement and time spent in obtaining water WATER SOURCES 3 km average (women and children) 1 HOUR / DAY

  16. RAIN WATER HARVESTING

  17. SIMPLIFIED WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS

  18. DESALINATION

  19. São Francisco Interbasin Water Transfer Project

  20. CONCLUSIONS • Socio-economic development of the NE region of Brazil requires both: water resources infrastructure development and local government involvement • Policies should take into consideration the specificity of supplying water to medium and large human settlements and to the rural disperse population • Strengthening of the State water resources institutions is a basic requirement for the sustainability of the water infrastructure • Success of PROAGUA suggests that the methodology could be pursued in other regions with similar climatic and social characteristics

  21. TESEKKÜRLER GRACIAS TAK GRAZIE OBRIGADO SIYABONGA MERCI THANKS XIE XIE DANKE carlos.motta@ana.gov.br

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