1 / 7

African Resistance to Imperialism

African Resistance to Imperialism. European Methods. Major European Advantages: 1) Superior Military Technology 2) Lack of Unity Among Africans Partially due to the lingering effects of the Slave Trade Partially due to Europeans’ arbitrary borders European Strategies: 1) Divide and Conquer

naeva
Download Presentation

African Resistance to Imperialism

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. African Resistance to Imperialism

  2. European Methods • Major European Advantages: • 1) Superior Military Technology • 2) Lack of Unity Among Africans • Partially due to the lingering effects of the Slave Trade • Partially due to Europeans’ arbitrary borders • European Strategies: • 1) Divide and Conquer • Example: The Baganda were given special status, and chosen to govern other ethnic groups (such as the Acholiand Langi) in the British colony of Uganda • 2) “Scorched Earth Policy” (Where Divide and Conquer Failed) • Example: German response to the MajiMaji Rebellion in the colony of Tanganyika (1905-1907) • Total Deaths: Europeans—15; African soldiers—389; African civilians—200,000 – 300,000

  3. Rebellion in Tanganyika

  4. Effects of the “Scorched Earth” Policy

  5. African Resistance • Despite their obvious disadvantages, Africans resisted European colonization throughout the continent • Forms of Resistance • 1) Military • Example: MajiMaji Rebellion, Zulu War, Battle of Adowa • 2) Cultural and Religious Resistance • 3) Economic Resistance • Example: African farmers frequently “squatted” on agricultural lands that were reserved for Europeans • 4) Political Resistance • Mostly coalesced after the World Wars; more on this later in the year

  6. Case Study in Resistance: Shaka Zulu • Leader of the Zulu people of South Africa in the early 1800s • He modernized Zulu battle tactics, and succeeded in limiting the territorial claims of the Dutch in South Africa • His success also depended on his ability to unify the various Zulu tribes in resistance • The Zulu empire survived past Shaka’s death, but was ultimately conquered when the British broughtthe full weight of their military at the Zulus during the Anglo-Zulu War (1879)

  7. Case Study in Resistance: The Battle of Adowa • 1889—Ethiopian Emperor Menelik II signs a treaty with Italy • Granting Italy control over Eritrea in exchange for money and weapons • The two sides disagreed over the treaty’s interpretations, leading the Italians to invade Ethiopia in 1896 • At the Battle of Adowa, Menelik used a larger army and Italian weapons to deal the imperialists and embarrassing defeat • The Italians were also disorganized, and unaccustomed to Ethiopia’s mountainous terrain • The Treaty of Addis Ababa guaranteed Ethiopian independence

More Related