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Animal Farm Chapter 1. Asim Farooq Ayesha Khan Nazir Basma Sarfraz Gohar Ayub Khan National University Of Sciences And Technology. Table Of Contents. About the author Introduction to the novel Plot Summary The first chapter including Introduction to the characters Different scenes
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Animal FarmChapter 1 AsimFarooq Ayesha Khan Nazir BasmaSarfraz GoharAyub Khan National University Of Sciences And Technology
Table Of Contents • About the author • Introduction to the novel • Plot Summary • The first chapter including • Introduction to the characters • Different scenes • The speech
Eric Arthur Blare • Born on June 25, 1903 in Motihari, Bihar, India • Started his educational career from Convent School and then got the scholarships for Wellington and Eton College • Joined Indian Imperial Police in Burma in 1922 • Best known for his journalism, reviews, columns in newspapers and magazines, books of reportage • Died at the age of 46 at University College Hospital in London
Animal Farm; the novel • Ideological novel published in England on August 17, 1945 • Reflects events during stalin era before World War II • Selected as one of the top 100 English novels by The Times Magazine • Addresses that how wickedness, indifference, ignorance, greed and myopia corrupt the revolution • Took great much difficulties and time to publish the novel
Plot Summary • ABoarwants to Revolutionize the livelihood of animals around him • He addresses and argues about humans • He dies after some days and is replaced by two pigs • The good one wants to benefit animals but the opponent, through his force throws him out and declares himself as a leader • The new leader deceives all the animals, accusing the older leader of all the loses, kills different animals at the farm
Continued… • All the rules of Animalism are changed • A fight with humans causes a lot of damage to all animals except the leadership • All animals work even more harder to achieve their aims but in the superiority is given to some • In end the leaders ally with the humans and all the efforts of all the animals go in vain
Chapter 11st scene • The deep dark night. • Mr. Jones locked the hen-houses. • But forgot to shut the pop-holes. • He had a lantern in his hand. • With this he made a sudden unsteady movement forward across the yard, kicked off his boots at the back door. • Entered into the scullery. • He drew himself a last glass of beer from the barrel placed there • Mr. Jones, drunk as usual, made his way up to bed, where Mrs. Jones was already in deep sleep. • Then he went to sleep without properly securing the animals.
Who was Mr. Jones? • He was the proprietor and overseer of the Manor Farm. • He underfeeds the animals while in luxury himself. • He also overworks the animals and as soon as they can no longer work efficiently, they were disposed of.
As soon as the light in the bedroom went out there was the beginning of lightly and quickly moving ideas all through the farm buildings. • These was actually those words which had gone round during the day that 1. Old Major had had a strange dream on the previous night. • And wished to communicate it to the other animals. • It had been agreed that they should all meet in the big barn as soon as Mr. Jones was safely out of the way.
2nd scene • At one end of the big barn, on a sort of raised platform, the old age pig was already made himself comfortable on the bed of straw, under a lantern which hung from a beam. • Who was that old age pig? • That was the major actually. • Then who was he?...
Old Major: • He was the prize Middle White wild male pig. • He was twelve years old and had lately grown rather strong. • But he was still a majestic-looking pig, with a wise, kind and generous appearance. • He was so highly regarded on the farm. • He was sensing that his long life is about to come to an end, Major wishes to impart to the rest of the farm animals a distillation of the wisdom that he has acquired during his lifetime.
The farm animals were waiting in silence up to the moment Mr. Jones were out of sight, then they began to bustle around, preparing themselves for the big meeting that was to take place that night. • The tame raven, conveyed message to gather animals in the big barn to hear a speech by Old Major. • So, after the drunken farmer Jones had gone to bed, the animals were started gathering in the big barn. • First came the three dogs: • Blue bell • Jessie • Pitcher • Entry of pigs… settle down in the straw immediately in front of the platform…
Then hens came… landing and staying themselves on the window-sills. • The pigeons moved lightly and quickly up to the one of the sloping pieces of wood that support a roof. • After them the sheep and cows laid down behind the pigs and began to chew the curd.
The two cart-horses, Boxer and Clover, came in together, walking very slowly and setting down their vast hairy hoofs with great care to prevent small animal hiding in the straw from harm. • Clover was a strong and thick motherly mare approaching middle life. • Boxer was an enormous beast, heighted and as strong as any two ordinary horses put together. A white stripe down his nose gave him a somewhat stupid appearance, and in fact he was not of quite intelligence, but he was universally respected for his steadiness of character and tremendous powers of work.
Muriel, the white goat, and Benjamin, the donkey came. • Benjamin was the oldest animal on the farm, and the worst tempered. He seldom talked, and when he did, it was usually to make some cynical remark. He was the only animal on the farm who never laughed. • At the last moment Mollie, the foolish, pretty white mare, came in delicate manner, chewing at a lump of sugar. She took a place near the front and showing off the red ribbons in her hair.
Last of all came the cat, who looked round, as usual, for the warmest place, and finally squeezed herself in between Boxer and Clover; there she make a sound form the throat throughout Major's speech without listening to a word of what he was saying. • All the animals were now present except Moses, the tame raven, the pillar of community, who slept on a branch behind the back door and fails to come.
When Major saw that they had all made themselves comfortable and were waiting attentively, he cleared his throat and start his speech.
Old Major’s SpeechMan Sensing that his long life is about to come to an end, Major wishes to pass on to the rest of the farm animals an essence of the wisdom that he has acquired during his lifetime. The plain truth, he says, is that the lives of his fellow animals are “miserable, laborious, and short.” Animals are born into the world as slaves, worked constantly from the time they can walk, fed only enough to keep breath in their bodies, and then slaughtered ruthlessly when they are no longer useful.
He notes that the land upon which the animals live possesses enough resources to support many times the present population in luxury; there is no natural reason for the animals’ poverty and misery. • Major blames the animals’ suffering solely on their human oppressors. • Mr. Jones and his kind have been exploiting animals for ages, Major says, taking all of the products of their labor—eggs, milk, dung, foals—for themselves and producing nothing of value to offer the animals in return. • He exhorts them to overthrow the humans who claim to own them. “Why, work night and day, body and soul, for the overthrow of the human race! That is my message to you, comrades: Rebellion!”
The animals can succeed in their rebellion only if they first achieve a complete solidarity or “perfect comradeship” of all of the animals against the humans. • Major then provides a guideline that will allow the animals to determine who their comrades are: creatures that walk on two legs are enemies; those with four legs or with wings are allies. • He reminds his audience that the ways of man are completely corrupt: once the humans have been defeated, the animals must never adopt any of their habits; they must not:- • live in a house, • sleep in a bed, • wear clothes • drink alcohol, • smoke tobacco, • touch money, • engage in trade, • or tyrannize another animal.
After his speech Major tells the animals about the dream that he had. His words were: “I cannot describe that dream to you. It was a dream of the earth as it will be when Man has vanished.”
He tells them that the dream reminded him of something. • Many years ago, when he was a little pig, his mother and the other sows used to sing an old song of which they knew only the tune and the first three words. • He says that he knew the tune from the beginning but with time the tune faded away and was finally erased from his memory.
Then he continues by saying that the song came back to him and what was more, the words of the song also came back. • He says that he is certain that the words which the animals from the past used to sing, the words which were lost through the generations have come back. • He says that he will sing the song for them. • Its is called “BEASTS OF ENGLAND”. • Then the Major cleared his throat and started to sing the song.
Beasts of England, beasts of Ireland, Beasts of every land and clime, Hearken to my joyful tidings Of the golden future time. Soon or late the day is coming, Tyrant Man shall be o'erthrown, And the fruitful fields of England Shall be trod by beasts alone. Rings shall vanish from our noses, And the harness from our back, Bit and spur shall rust forever, Cruel whips no more shall crack. Riches more than mind can picture, Wheat and barley, oats and hay, Clover, beans, and mangel-wurzels Shall be ours upon that day.
Bright will shine the fields of England, Purer shall its waters be, Sweeter yet shall blow its breezes On the day that sets us free. For that day we all must labour, Though we die before it break; Cows and horses, geese and turkeys, All must toil for freedom's sake. Beasts of England, beasts of Ireland, Beasts of every land and clime, Hearken well and spread my tidings Of the golden future time.
The singing of this song threw the animals into the wildest excitement. • Almost before Major had reached the end, they had begun singing it for themselves. Even the stupidest of them had already picked up the tune. • After a few preliminary tries, the whole farm burst out into Beasts of England in tremendous unison. • They would have sung it all night long if the uproar didn’t wake Mr. Jones up. He sprang out of bed, making sure that there was a fox in the yard. He seized the gun and let fly a charge of 6 shot into the darkness.
All the animals jumped into their places and the whole farm was asleep in a moment.
