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Anaerobic Digestion Overview Hawaii and Guam Energy Technology Demonstration Project

Anaerobic Digestion Overview Hawaii and Guam Energy Technology Demonstration Project. Jerry Davis Senior Engineer Project Development & Finance Section 20 Sep 2011. Presentation Outline. Anaerobic Digestion Overview Current Projects WWTP Project Characterization

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Anaerobic Digestion Overview Hawaii and Guam Energy Technology Demonstration Project

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  1. Anaerobic Digestion OverviewHawaii and Guam Energy Technology Demonstration Project Jerry Davis Senior Engineer ProjectDevelopment & Finance Section 20 Sep 2011 NREL is a national laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy operated by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLC

  2. Presentation Outline • Anaerobic Digestion Overview • Current Projects • WWTP Project Characterization • Potential Navy Applications National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future

  3. Presentation Outline • Anaerobic Digestion Overview • Current Projects • WWTP Project Characterization • Potential Navy Applications National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future

  4. Energy Pathways Thermal Biochemical Digestion Partial Oxygen Excess Oxygen No Oxygen Pretreatment Combustion Gasification/ Plasma Pyrolysis Fermentation Transesterification CH4 Heat Fuel Gases (producer gas) (CO + H2+CH4) Char, gases, aerosols (syn gas) Ethanol Biodiesel National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future

  5. Process Overview EndUser Infeed • Biogas • Engine/generator • Boiler • Heater • Feed Stock • Organic Food Waste • Human Waste • Oils/Fats • Wood/Paper • Agricultural Wastes • Food Processing Waste Reactor Liquids Nutrients/Fertilizer National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future

  6. General Categories of Digesters • Low Solids • .05-3% total solids by weight • Little or no suspended solids • Single phase liquid system, readily mixed • Medium Solids • 3% to 12% total solids by weight • Contains suspended solids • Slurry system, can still be mixed • High Solids • 12 to 25% total solids by weight • “Solids-processing” system • Requires mixing National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future

  7. Potential Yield Source: http://www1.agric.gov.ab.ca/$department/deptdocs.nsf/all/agdex11397 National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future

  8. Temperature Range Thermophilic (122ºF - 135ºF) Mesophilic (77ºF - 100ºF) Psychrophilic (65-70ºF) • Thermophilic: • Decomposition and biogas generation is more rapid • More sensitive to upsets and disturbances • Results in more complete destruction of pathogen • Mesophilic: • Tend to be larger vessels • More “forgiving” • More common • Psychrophilic • Lagoons and swamps • Slower process National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future

  9. Presentation Outline • Anaerobic Digestion Overview • Current Projects • WWTP Project Characterization • Potential Navy Applications National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future

  10. Farm Based AD Source: EPA AgStar Website • Total farm-scale projects: 156 • Total regional/centralized projects: 11 National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future

  11. Wastewater Treatment Plant Projects • 1,066 WWTPs in CONUS • 544 with AD • 106 with AD and biogas utilization • Declining trend of biogas utilization at smaller sizes National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future

  12. Presentation Outline • Anaerobic Digestion Overview • Current Projects • WWTP Project characterization • Potential Navy Applications National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future

  13. WWTP: Project Characterization • Key site attributes: • At least 3 million gallons per day (MGD) intake for energy recovery • Per EPA, >6.8 MGD for a CHP application National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future

  14. Project Economics For a 6.8 MGD facility with 130 KW microturbine • Equipment costs for biogas treatment and electrical generation: $390,500 • Installed cost:$564,953 • Operating costs: $.022/kWh • Total electricity costs: $.03 to $.065 per kWh (depending on assumptions used to calculate avoided costs) National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future

  15. Presentation Outline • Anaerobic Digestion Overview • Current Projects • WWTP Project characterization • Potential Navy Applications National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future

  16. Potential Navy Applications • WWTP facilities • Per ORNL study, about 140 WWTPs with >3 M GPD within 5 miles of federal facilities • Per NREL study, 3 Navy sites have ~3M GPD on site • Fort Kam, ~5.2 MGD • Puget Sound NSY, ~6 MGD • Apra Harbor, Guam, ~ 2.9M GPD National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future

  17. Contact Info Jerry Davis Senior Engineer Project Development and Finance Deployment & Market Transformation National Renewable Energy Laboratory 1617 Cole Blvd, MS-302 Golden, CO 80401 303-275-3199 jerry.davis@nrel.gov National Renewable Energy Laboratory Innovation for Our Energy Future

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