Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention

1. serving children, families, and communities Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Serving Children, Families, and Communities

2. providing national leadership and coordination providing national leadership and coordination

3. U.S. Department of Justice serving children, families, and communities Can you find OJP? OFFICE OF JUSTICE PROGRAMS

4. Office of Justice Programs “Innovation • Partnerships • Safer Neighborhoods" serving children, families, and communities Can you find OJJDP? OJJDP

5. addressing the nation’s juvenile justice needs How OJJDP is organized

6. addressing the nation’s juvenile justice needs addressing the nation’s juvenile justice needs • preventing and intervening in delinquency • strengthening the juvenile justice system • responding to child victimization

7. Mary Ellen 1874 First case of judicial intervention Common Law history

8. Etta A. Wheeler

9. Post Mary Ellen New York attempted legislation 1886: State v. Jones – North Carolina court decision: “acts of indiscreet severity are not criminally punishable…they must be tolerated as an incident to the relation…” 1899: Illinois – first juvenile court 1962: The Battered Child Syndrome by Dr. Henry Kempe 1970s - Mandatory child abuse reporting laws

11. Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 • Created OJJDP - federal agency to coordinate and administer juvenile justice efforts • first comprehensive juvenile justice bill (100 years after Mary Ellen) • Charged OJJDP to work with the States to improve Juvenile Justice system for: • Juvenile Delinquents • Exploited Children(neglected & abused) • Grants, research, training and regulatory programs • Set federal standards and guidelines for States

12. addressing the nation’s juvenile justice needs preventing and intervening in delinquency • providing mentors for youth in need • addressing underage drinking and substance abuse • reducing youth involvement in gangs • implementing tribal youth initiatives

13. preventing and intervening in delinquency providing mentors for youth in need FY 2011 Mentoring Initiatives Include: • Mentoring for Child Victims of Commercial Sexual Exploitation • Mentoring for Youth with Disabilities • Tribal Youth Mentoring Initiative • National and Multi-State Mentoring Programs • Second Chance Act Juvenile Mentoring Initiative • Evaluation of the Second Chance Act Juvenile Mentoring Initiative

14. preventing and intervening in delinquency addressing underage drinking • supporting state and local law enforcement • implementing community trials and assessing program effectiveness • addressing problems in rural communities • providing training and technical assistance • partnering with the military Enforcing Underage Drinking Laws Program

15. preventing and intervening in delinquency addressing juvenile substance abuse Juvenile Drug Courts Program • providing intensive treatment and specialized services • improving cross-system collaboration • increasing effectiveness and cost efficiency

16. preventing and intervening in delinquency OJJDP’s youth violence and gang initiatives • Community-Based Violence Prevention Demonstration Program • National Gang Center • Gang Field Initiated Research and Evaluation Programs • Comprehensive Anti-Gang Strategies and Programs

17. FY 2011 Coordinated Tribal Assistance Solicitation • responding to tribal leaders’ request for a more efficient OJP grant-making process • encompassing all of DOJ’s available tribal grant programs

18. strengthening the juvenile justice system implementing tribal youth initiatives Tribal Youth Program • preventing delinquency and reducing violent crime • addressing mental health and substance abuse problems • holding offenders accountable Tribal Law and Order Act of 2010

19. addressing the nation’s juvenile justice needs strengthening the juvenile justice system • working with states to improve juvenile justice • meeting the requirements of the JJDP Act • improving conditions of confinement

20. addressing the nation’s juvenile justice needs working with states to improve juvenile justice Formula and Block Grant Programs • supporting state and local efforts • implementing system improvements • partnering with State Advisory Groups (SAGs)

21. strengthening the juvenile justice system meeting the requirements of the JJDP Act Core Requirements • deinstitutionalizing status offenders (DSO) • separating juveniles from adults in institutions (separation) • removing juveniles from adult jails and lockups (jail removal) • addressing disproportionate minority contact (DMC), where it exists

22. strengthening the juvenile justice system National Center for Youth in Custody (NC4YC) Launched October 10, 2011, to advance juvenile justice by providing training, technical assistance, and dissemination of effective practices: (1) In facilities; (2) In communities; and (3) With families involved in the justice system.

23. strengthening the juvenile justice system NC4YC: Priority Service Areas • Improving conditions of custody and confinement for youth • Supporting participation with the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act (JJDPA) • Strengthening family and community engagement in all aspects of youth custody

24. strengthening the juvenile justice system The Gold Standard “Every juvenile detention and corrections facility in America should be run as if your only child were the next youth to be admitted.” Source: Performance-based Standards (PbS) Vision Statement (Loughran & Godfrey, n.d.).

25. strengthening the juvenile justice system www.NC4YC.org

26. responding to child victimization • The mission of the Child Protection Division (CPD) is to address child and youth victimization and exposure to violence. CPD provides innovative national leadership, resources, technical assistance, and coordination in support of state, community, and tribal efforts to enhance evidence based programs and policies to protect children and youth. • The division supports OJJDP’s mission to prevent and respond to juvenile delinquency and collaborates with other Department of Justice components and across federal agencies in promoting justice, resiliency, and wellbeing for children and youth.

27. addressing the nation’s juvenile justice needs responding to child victimization • recovering missing and abducted children • addressing child abuse and neglect • protecting children from online predators • ending commercial sexual exploitation of children • addressing children’s exposure to violence

28. responding to child victimization OJJDP’s initiatives to protect children • National Center for Missing & Exploited Children • AMBER Alert • Children’s Advocacy Centers • Court Appointed Special Advocates • Internet Crimes Against Children (ICAC) Task Forces

29. responding to child victimization ending commercial sexual exploitation of children Improving Community Responses to CSEC • supports research on the scope of the problem in the United States and how often victims are known to law enforcement • strengthens effective collaborations between stakeholder organizations and communities • enhances law enforcement strategies to protect children from commercial sexual exploitation

30. addressing the needs of youthful offenders Youthful Sexual Offenders Program • provide treatment for juvenile victims of youth with sexual behavior problems • improve intervention, treatment, and supervision services for youth with a history of sexual aggression toward other children Juvenile Indigent Defense National Clearinghouse • improve advocacy and quality of representation before the court • provide technical support to the juvenile indigent defense bar

31. OJJDP’s focus on policy • signature initiatives • review pending legislation, develop regulations, policy regarding compliance, grant making • undertake strategic planning • cross agency coordination

32. Signature Initiatives • Defending Childhood • National Forum on Youth Violence Prevention • Supportive School Discipline Initiative

33. National Survey of Children’s Exposure to Violence • 60 percent of children were exposed to crime, abuse and violence in the past year, either directly or indirectly. • Almost half were assaulted at least once in that period. • One in 10 had suffered some form of child maltreatment • 1 in 16 was victimized sexually. • A quarter of all kids witnessed a violent act.

34. What are the effects of violence on children? • To go on to abuse drugs and alcohol • At greater risk of depression and anxiety and other post-traumatic disorders • Fail in school more often than other kids • Develop chronic diseases • Have trouble forming attachments • And are more likely to commit acts of violence themselves. • strong link between child victimization and domestic violence between adult partners.

35. Defending Childhood • Safe Start – Phase 1 and 2 • Focus is on addressing children’s exposure to violence. • Defending Childhood • Age zero to eighteen • Exposure at home, school and community • Goals are to • prevent children’s exposure to violence, • mitigate the negative effects of violence on children, and • develop public awareness of the issue. • Defending Childhood unifies all of DOJ’s programs and efforts to address children’s exposure to violence. • Eight demonstration sites.

36. The Forum is a diverse network of localities, federal agencies and private stakeholders committed to preventing youth violence. • Six Agencies: WH in lead; DOJ, ED, HHS, HUD, Labor, ONDCP • Six Cities: Boston, Chicago, Detroit, Memphis, Salinas, San Jose • Three goals: • Elevate youth and gang violence as a national issue • Enhance the capacity of participating localities and others to more effectively prevent youth violence • Promote systems and policy change by expanding engagement and coordination

37. OJJDP’s focus on research • Programs and Research are fundamental components of OJJDP’s 1974 authorizing language. • JJDP Act requires OJJDP to conduct research, evaluate juvenile justice programs, and disseminate juvenile justice information to the field.

38. Three primary goals for research • Set a research agenda for OJJDP Scientifically rigorous, timely, and promise impact to the field • Seek out opportunities to partner with Establish relationships with other research offices and organizations within the Department, across federal government, and private partners • Disseminate relevant research findings Use the latest tools that increase accessibility to resources

39. The Journal of Juvenile Justice • Brand new peer-reviewed social science journal • Officially launches this week • Currently on display in the Exhibit Hall right now! Can go to the exhibit to obtain more information, details, and availability information.

40. OJJDP’s focus on training and technical assistance • National Center for Youth in Custody • National Girls Institute • Juvenile Indigent Defense National Clearinghouse • National Training and Technical Assistance Center • State Juvenile Justice Formula and Block Grants Training and Technical Assistance Program

41. OJJDP’s focus on coordination • Coordinating Council • Family & Youth Engagement • Supportive School Discipline Initiative • Information sharing committee • OJJDP staff participate on other federal cross-agency councils, work groups, teams, i.e., Reentry Council • Use of IAAs to transfer funds, i.e., DoD and youth mentoring

42. OJJDP’s focus on communications • dissemination mandate • publications • research and evaluation findings • statistical analysis • best practices • electronic dissemination

43. serving children, families, and communities visit OJJDP’s Web site www.ojjdp.gov

44. serving children, families, and communities subscribe to OJJDP’s electronic resources • JUVJUST • OJJDP News @ a Glance

45. Reauthorization of the JJDPA…..thus far…. • 110thCongress Senate bill introduced by Senate Judiciary Chair, Patrick Leahy. • Received bipartisan approval by voice vote in the Judiciary Committee Mark-up in July 2008 (S 3155). • 111th Congress JJDPA reauthorization bill re-introduced by Senator Leahy, incorporating amendments approved in the 2008 Mark-up (S 678). • December 17, 2009, OJJDPA passed out of Senate Judiciary Committee with bipartisan support (Thank you Senator Grassley)

46. SB 678 – what was in it? • Increased funding authorizations for formula dollars • funding for mental health/substance abuse screening, assessment, treatment and diversion • extended juvenile jurisdictionto youth charged in criminal court • Valid Court Order phase out • DMC - data driven and community-connected DMC efforts • Increased research and training • Access to Justice

47. 112th Congress….. ?????

49. serving children, families, and communities serving children, families, and communities

50. serving children, families, and communities serving children, families, and communities Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Serving Children, Families, and Communities