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Sound

Sound. What makes sound?. vibrations. How do brass instruments like a trumpet or tuba produce sound?. Vibrating air. How do woodwind instruments like a clarinet produce sound? . Vibrating reed. How do percussion instruments like drums or a piano produce sound?. Vibrating surface.

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Sound

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  1. Sound

  2. What makes sound? vibrations

  3. How do brass instruments like a trumpet or tuba produce sound? Vibrating air

  4. How do woodwind instruments like a clarinet produce sound? Vibrating reed

  5. How do percussion instruments like drums or a piano produce sound? Vibrating surface

  6. How do string instruments like a guitar or violin produce sound? Vibrating strings

  7. Matter can be made of three different things. Name them. Solids, liquids, and gases

  8. What are molecules? Type of matter too small to be seen.

  9. What has to happen to make sound travel? (pg. F51) Sound is caused by vibrations. When something vibrates, molecules in the air crowd together, then spread apart, causing sound waves to travel away from the vibrating object.

  10. Which part of the sound wave has molecules that are tightly packed together? compression

  11. Which part of the sound wave has molecules that are spread apart? rarefaction

  12. Can you hear sounds in a vacuum? Why or why not? No. A vacuum is a place where there is no matter.

  13. What is pitch? How high or low a sound is.

  14. How can you change the sound that a rubber band makes? Shortening or stretching the rubber band tighter

  15. How can you change the pitch of your voice? Tightening and relaxing vocal cords

  16. How can changing the rate of vibration vary the pitch of the sound? Faster vibrations causes higher pitches Slower vibrations causes lower pitches

  17. What is an oscilloscope? Makes a “picture” of sound waves Allows you to compare the waves of sounds that have different pitches

  18. What is the difference between frequency and pitch? Frequency is the number of times an object vibrates per second.

  19. How is pitch related to frequency? Higher Frequency=Higher Pitch Lower Frequency=Lower Pitch

  20. What is frequency measured in? What is the abbreviation? Hertz Hz

  21. A frequency of one vibration per second is equal to __________. 1 Hz

  22. What is ultrasonic? Sounds too high to be heard by humans, but not by some animals.

  23. Arrange these organisms (human, bat, dog, and dolphin) in order of range of hearing, from greatest to least. Dolphin, bat, dog, human

  24. What is a sound wave? Makes the molecules of gas in the air vibrate.

  25. What is volume measured in? Decibels (dB)

  26. Who was the first person to record sound? What year? Thomas Alva Edison 1877

  27. Describe how a microphone works? • Diaphragm in microphone vibrates. • Then coil of wire vibrates. • Electric current is sent to amplifier.

  28. What are the three steps to record sound? • Sound waves are translated into code of 1s and 0s. • Tells laser beam where to cut pits into disc’s surface • Light is reflected onto disc’s surface and changed into sound

  29. What is reflection? A bouncing of a sound wave off a surface.

  30. Name some items that reflect sound. Wall, lockers, door

  31. Name some items that absorb sound Blankets, towels, sheets

  32. Name some items that transmit sound. Transmit means make sound.

  33. What happens when the sound waves disappear? Absorption

  34. What happens to sound when it hits a hard, smooth surface such as a wall? Reflection

  35. What happens to sound when it hits a soft, textured surface such as a towel? Absorption

  36. Do more sound waves bounce from hard, smooth surfaces or soft, textured surfaces? Hard, smooth surfaces

  37. What happens when there is too much reflection in a concert hall? Empty, hollow sound

  38. What happens when there is too much absorption in a concert hall? Deadens the music

  39. What effect did the billowy gowns and long coats have on the concert hall? Absorbed the sound

  40. How are echoes made? A sound wave reflecting off of something

  41. At room temperature, how fast does sound waves travel? 343 meters per second

  42. Put solids, liquids, and gases in order of the greatest speed of sound waves to the least. Solids, liquids, gases

  43. Will sound travel faster through air or steel? Why? Steel because sound travels faster through solids than gases

  44. Would you hear the same sound from the same distance faster in winter or in the summer? Why? Summer because sound travels more quickly when temperature increase.

  45. What is sonar? Sound navigation or ranging that uses sound waves to detect objects far away

  46. How do whales and dolphins use echolocation? Bounce sound waves off objects to find out how far they are away.

  47. How do bats use echolocation? Use to navigate and catch prey

  48. How can sound be used to find the depth of the ocean? Sound waves are sent to the ocean floor. The time is measured for the sound waves to return and then calculated.

  49. As an approaching police car comes at you, will the pitch get higher or lower, and will the frequency increase or decrease? Higher Pitch=Increases frequency

  50. As the police car moves away from you, will the pitch get higher or lower, and will the frequency increase or decrease? Lower pitch=decreases frequency

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