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The Ancient Middle East

The Ancient Middle East. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY. 2. The Ancient Egyptians. A View of Egypt by Satellite. Compare Egypt’s population density map to Egypt’s physical geography map. Population Density. Compare and Contrast.

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The Ancient Middle East

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  1. The Ancient Middle East Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

  2. 2. The Ancient Egyptians

  3. A View of Egypt by Satellite

  4. Compare Egypt’s population density map to Egypt’s physical geography map. Population Density Compare and Contrast

  5. What conclusion can you come to about the relationship between Egypt’s population and the Nile River (Please answer using complete sentences)?

  6. The Fertile Nile Valley

  7. The Annual Flooding of the Nile

  8. Pros and Cons of the Nile River Blessing of the Nile River Tree Map: Pros & Cons

  9. The Nile River What is unique about the Nile River? Please complete the bubble map.

  10. Nile Irrigation-the Shaduf

  11. Shaduf 1. Was the Nile River predictable? 2. Why is it’s predictability important? 3. What did the ancient Egyptians do to harness the power of the Nile? 4. How long is the Nile River? 5. What did the Nile River deposit that made the land more fertile? 6. What is a Shaduf? 7. How is it made? 8. How does it work? 9. How did it make life easier for the Egyptians? 10. Make up one question about the movie.

  12. Ancient Egyptian History

  13. Ancient Egyptian History

  14. Menes: Unifier of Upper & Lower Egypt c. 3050 B. C. E. ?

  15. TLC Please list 20 facts from the video. You must write your facts using complete sentences.

  16. Old Kingdom • The Old Kingdom is the first of the three kingdoms and spanned about 500 years from approximately 2650-2150 BC. • The Old Kingdom was Egypt’s peak in wealth and creativity. All of the pyramids were built during the Old Kingdom. Some scholars believe that the first pyramid was made around 2815 BC.

  17. How were the pyramids built?

  18. Some theories . . . • Some people believe Hebrew slaves were used • Some people believe they were built with ramps, hang-gliders or a variety of other methods • A select few even believe Aliens made them. Others believe Egyptians made their own pyramids • We now know that Egyptians made the pyramids themselves

  19. Pharaohs • Egyptian kings were called Pharaohs. They were so powerful that they were considered to be even more than kings. Pharaohs were worshipped as gods. • There was no end to the power that an Egyptian Pharaoh had. Anything he said went, and it didn’t matter what anyone else thought or did.

  20. Dynastic Rule • The Old Kingdom was ruled by six different dynasties. A dynasty means a ruling family, if there are at least three generations of kings from one family they become a dynasty. • The dynasties depended on the Nile river and its annual floods for prosperity, near the end of the old kingdom the Nile’s floods stopped, and so did Egypt’s prosperity.

  21. First Intermediate Period (2134-2040 BC) • The Nile’s un-cooperation led to what is known as an “intermediate period” which means that it was neither a part of the Old nor the Middle Kingdom, but a transitional time that led to the Middle Kingdom. • Egypt had very little prosperity during this time and poverty began to spread.

  22. Middle Kingdom (2040-1640 BC) • The Middle Kingdom begins when Mentuhotep II became pharaoh. He was much more powerful and capable than the Heracleopolitan pharaohs he overthrew. • Egypt was finally able to be prosperous again. • The capital of Egypt moved from Memphis to a city known as Thebes.

  23. Pharaohs become less Powerful • While Pharaohs were still very powerful, more power was placed in the hands of smaller administrators such as governors. • The view of Pharaohs as gods was diminishing (fading away). Even statues of pharaohs looked more like young men or boys and less like gods.

  24. Hyksos Take Over • Pharaohs near the end of the Middle Kingdom got a bit lazy and were too concerned with themselves to notice an influx of immigrants from other countries. • Before they knew it, they were challenged and overtaken. They were overthrown by an Asian group known as the Hyksos. They controlled Egypt for about 100 years.

  25. The Hyksos

  26. New Kingdom (1540-1070) • After 100 years of trying to expel the Hyksos, the Egyptians were finally victorious under King Ahmose. But this fighting within Egyptian boundaries left them wanting more land. The New Kingdom was Egypt’s greatest days of expansion.

  27. Expansion • Egyptian pharaohs began to go beyond their borders, conquering other smaller and weaker civilizations. They then took over their land. • By the end of the reign of King Thutmosis III, the boundaries of the New Kingdom was more than twice the size of the Middle Kingdom land.

  28. Ancient Egyptian Housing Middle Class Homes Peasant Homes

  29. Scenes of Ancient EgyptianDaily Life

  30. http://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/egypt/dailylife/dailylife.htmlhttp://www.mnsu.edu/emuseum/prehistory/egypt/dailylife/dailylife.html Daily Life

  31. Making Ancient Egyptian Wine

  32. Egyptian Social Hierarchy

  33. Some Famous Egyptian Pharaohs Tutankhamon1336-1327 B. C. E. Thutmose III1504-1450 B. C. E. Ramses II1279-1212 B. C. E.

  34. Egyptian Nobility

  35. Egyptian Priestly Class

  36. Egyptian Scribe

  37. Papyrus  Paper Hieratic Scroll Piece Papyrus Plant

  38. Papyrus & Paper Papyrus Paper

  39. Double-Bubble Compare and Contrast paper and papyrus

  40. How does one make papyrus 1. gather papyrus reeds2. cut off the outside bark3. cut the reed into strips4. soak the strips in water5. criss cross two layers of strips6. pound the wet strips into paper

  41. Egyptian Math & Draftsmenship What number is this?

  42. Champollion & the Rosetta Stone

  43. Hieroglyphic “Cartouche”

  44. Hieroglyphics “Alphabet” 24 “letters” + 700 phonetic symbols

  45. Create your own alphabet • For each letter of our alphabet create your own letter. • Write a one sentence message using only your new language.

  46. Egyptian Gods & Goddesses:“The Sacred ‘Trinity’” Osiris Isis Horus

  47. Preparations for the Underworld ANUBIS weighs the dead person’s heart against a feather. Priests protected your KA, or soul-spirit

  48. Materials Used in Mummification 1. Linen 6. Natron2. Sawdust 7. Onion3. Lichen 8. Nile Mud4. Beeswax 9. Linen Pads5. Resin 10. Frankinsense

  49. Preparation for the Afterlife

  50. Egyptian Mummies Ramses II1279-1212 B. C. E. Seti I1291-1278 B. C. E. Queen Tiye, wife of Amenhotep II1210-1200 B. C. E.

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