INDIA: RURAL WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECT FOR LOW INCOME STATES

1. INDIA: RURAL WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION PROJECT FOR LOW INCOME STATES

2. Project Development Objective The PDO is to improve piped water supply and sanitation services for selected rural communities in the target states through decentralized delivery systems and to increase the capacity of the participating States to respond promptly and effectively to an Eligible Crisis or Emergency. Key PDO level results indicators are the following: • Number of people with increased access to piped water. • Number of people with access to improved sanitation facilities. • Number of people using improved latrines. • Improvements in O&M cost recovery.

3. Project Beneficiaries • Direct benefit about 7.8 million rural people with improved water supply and sanitation services • About 48% of the overall project beneficiaries expected to be women • Participating States to benefit through improved institutional capacity, processes and procedures, for decentralized RWSS service delivery responsibilities and improving accountability to rural households • Targeted assistance to the tribal populations of 4 districts in Jharkhand, with about 0.4 million expected beneficiaries from tribal populations.

4. RWSS Program and Policy • Ring-fenced Program for Participating Low Income States • Decentralized Service Delivery Systems • District-wide Approach • Integrated Approach to Water Supply and Sanitation • Scheme Cycle for Implementing Decentralized Services • Community Contributions towards Capital and O&M Costs • Governance and Accountability Aspects • Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) • Twinning’ with Bank assisted RWSS Projects

5. Integrated Approach to Water Supply and Sanitation • Water Supply • SVSs and MVSs will provide piped water supplies, along with catchment area management programs, as required, for improving source sustainability. • MVSs will be taken up only if local sustainable source is not available. • A dedicated feeder line for power supply will be provided for large MVSs. Solar powered pumps will be piloted in remote villages which have less than 3-4 hours of power supply. • Sanitation • Household sanitation (household toilets) • Institutional sanitation (schools, anganwadi, community/public toilets) • Environmental sanitation (SLWM, including soak-pits, drains and lane improvements for disposal of sullage and wastewater, and solid waste management for village-wide cleanliness); and • IEC / BCC activities for demand creation and linkages with nutrition, health and hygiene practices. • Interventions will support GoI’sNBA program, by strengthening its implementation processes at the district and village levels

6. Scheme Cycle for Implementing Decentralized Services

8. Community Contributions towards Capital and O&M Costs • Capital Cost (CAPEX) Contributions • Rs 450 per household as one-time contribution from the beneficiary household (Rs 225 for SC/ST household) • O&M Cost Recovery • Phased approach for achieving full O&M cost recovery through user charges • In high cost schemes where 100% O&M cost recovery is not possible, the project will start with at least 50% O&M cost recovery, gradually moving to 100% O&M cost recovery by end of project period, through both real increases and indexation of tariffs to a suitable inflation index. • 24x7 water supply services in peri-urban areas will include household metering and suitably structured volumetric tariffs. • ‘Bulk Water Tariffs’ will be introduced for bulk water supply at the village entry point for MVSs. • In cases affordable charges are inadequate for covering O&M costs, State Government will provide transparent subsidies through O&M grants under various programs.

9. Project Component A Capacity Building Component A: Capacity Building and Sector Development A1: Capacity Building of MoDWS. Strengthening MoDWSto manage RWSS Programs, provide policy and technical advice. A2: Capacity Building of RWSS Sector Institutions and PRIs. • State level. • District level. • PRIs. • Twinning arrangements. A3. Program Information, Education, and Communications (IEC). • IEC for PRIs to adopt their new role in planning and implementation of RWSS schemes. • IEC to promote behavioural change among stakeholders for improving sanitation and hygiene practices. • Development of manuals, hand books, field books etc., on Project activities and implementation guidelines. A4: Sector Development Studies and Pilot Innovations and Technologies. • RWSS Sector Program and Policies • Cost Effectiveness and Sustainability Analysis • Appropriate Technologies for RWSS Schemes • Institutional Models for Service Provision • Groundwater Management by Rural Communities • Independent Assessments and Project Reviews • The Project will also support pilot testing of new approaches and technologies. A5: Monitoring and Evaluation. • (a)M&E. Establishment of Information, Communication, Technology (ICT) enabled M&E System for monitoring project achievements, including type and cost of schemes, service levels, water quality, O&M cost recovery and collection efficiency, etc. • (b) Governance and Accountability Activities. Independent verifications, technical audits, social audits and beneficiary assessments. A6: Excellence Awards for Integrated Water Supply and Sanitation.Awards to the best performing States, districts and GPs.

10. Project Component B RWSS Infrastructure Development Component B: Infrastructure Development • B1: New Investments. Project will finance new water supply schemes, supported by catchment area management programs (B3 below, if required), and test new technologies. Public-Private Partnerships will be supported as part of the new investment programs. • New investments in SVS, including SHS and SGS; New investments in MVS, including small and large MVS • B2: Rehabilitation and Augmentation of Existing Schemes. • B3: Catchment Area Program.Source strengthening and catchment area management programs will be integrated as part of SVS and MVS (B1 and B2), if required. • B4: Water Quality Management.GPs will carry out disinfection of water supply and will regularly check for residual chlorine levels for the intra-village schemes. • B5: Household, Institutional and Environmental Sanitation.This sub-component will complement the existing GoI led Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA). • B6: Infrastructure Support. This sub-component will support the design and implementation of the infrastructure program: • Engineering Support. Engineering support would be provided for designing and implementing the RWSS facilities. • District Support. Professional Agencies for implementing the district and village infrastructure programs in Jharkhand and Bihar, including technical support activities. • Community Support.The services of SOs, NGOs and community based organizations for pre-planning, planning and implementation phase activities of the scheme-cycle.

11. Component C: Project Management Support C1: Staffing and Consultancy Costs.The Project will support staff and consultancy costs: • Implementing and managing the Project. • Facilitating the RWSS Program. • Coordinating with various stakeholders, especially SWSM and DWSMs. • Procuring services/consultants to support the implementation of the Project. • Internal and external financial audits. • Reviewing and reporting progress of Project activities. C2: Equipment and Miscellaneous costs. These will include operational costs of the PMUs and the DPMUs, covering office expenses (rent) and other costs (computers, stationary, fuel, etc.) Component D: Contingency Emergency Response • Following an adverse natural event that causes a major natural disaster, the State government may request the Bank to re-allocate project funds to support response and reconstruction.

12. RWSSP-LIS (2013-14 to 2018-19) – Financing of Components (US $ million)

13. Batch-wise Coverage Habitations/Schemes

14. Institutional and Implementation Arrangements • Project to support progressive decentralization, with a much higher role and responsibility to PRIs at district and village level for designing and implementing the schemes, and to the SWSM and DWSM for policy and oversight aspects. • Responsibility of planning, implementing, and maintaining small SVS will be fully devolved to the GP, assisted by the District Project Management Units (DPMUs) and Support Organizations (SOs). • Rural communities to participate in the scheme cycle through the GP committees (GP-WSC for SVS and MVS committees for MVSs). • Contractual arrangements to be made between the bulk-water provider, the PHED/JN, and the scheme level committees for small and large MVSs. • Public Private Partnerships (PPPs), including Design-Build-Operate (DBO) models will be piloted for large MVSs.

15. State, District and Village Level Institutional and Implementation Arrangements

16. Sustainability • Focus on technical, institutional and financial sustainability of schemes, with independent checks at various stages of the scheme design and implementation • Other critical factors are: • timely implementation of the envisaged institutional framework with new and strengthened roles and responsibilities of the sector players • capacity building of the PRIs and GP-WSSCs to take over the responsibilities of WSS service delivery • appropriate change management efforts to shift the mindset of the sector institutions from service provider to facilitator • proper monitoring to ensure implementation of a consistent policy for all new investments • coordination with various departments to ensure integrated approach to WSS service delivery.

18. Thank You