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Lawrence Kohlberg

Lawrence Kohlberg. Stage Theory of Moral Development. Lawrence Kohlberg ( 1927-1987). Born into a wealthy family in New York Was a merchant marine in WW2 Snuck Jews through British blockade of Palestine Inspired him to study moral development

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Lawrence Kohlberg

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  1. Lawrence Kohlberg

    Stage Theory of Moral Development
  2. Lawrence Kohlberg ( 1927-1987) Born into a wealthy family in New York Was a merchant marine in WW2 Snuck Jews through British blockade of Palestine Inspired him to study moral development Earned his BA in Psychology in 1 year at University of Chicago and his doctorate by 1958.
  3. Work was based on Piaget and Dewey Taught at Yale then Harvard Survey approach – tell story and measure responses Developed rare tropical disease that disabled him in many ways and caused extreme depression in 1973 Disappeared in January 1987 and was later found in a swamp Some suspect suicide.
  4. The Theory in a Nutshell Came up with a cognitive theory about the development of children’s moral reasoning. This happens in stages that are always sequential and cannot be skipped Children advance at different rates and not everyone reaches the last stage There are three levels of moral development 2 stages within each level
  5. The Preconventional Level 0-9 Years Preconventional moral reasoning: judgments are based on consequences of actions/behavior. Stage 1: Obedience and Punishment “good” is what helps avoid punishment Stage 2: Instrumental Morality “good” is what satisfies needs
  6. The Conventional Level Conventional moral reasoning: judgments based on whether the act conform to conventional standards/rules/expectations. These come from influences like family, religion, and society as a whole. Stage 3: Good Boy/Girl Morality “good” meets your needs and the expectations of other people Stage 4: Law and Order “good” means maintaining social order and following the rules
  7. The Postconventional Stage Postconventional moral reasoning: reasoning based on a person’s own moral standards of goodness Stage 5: Social Contract Recognizes that laws have a purpose and value and shouldn’t be violated without good reason Laws cannot bind someone in exceptional circumstances Stage 6: Principles of Conscience Acts that that support the values of human life, justice and dignity are moral and “good” Rely on your own conscience Don’t necessarily obey laws or agree with other’s opinions

  8. Guided Practice

  9. Holes and Bias in Kohlberg’s Theory Boys appear to reason at higher levels of moral development than girls. Kohlberg believed that few people can make it past stage 4.
  10. Gilligan’s Theory of Moral Development Females go through stages of moral development too but the involve her perception of herself in relationship to others. 3 Stages Stage 1: Survival Caring for self/ I have no one but myself Transition of self centeredness to responsibility Stage 2: Goodness Caring for Others Transition of Conformity to social expectations to choice (my needs versus the needs of others) Stage3: Balance Caring for self and others
  11. Application Consider both the theories of Kohlberg and Gilligan, which do you think has more validity in your life? What stage do you think you are currently in? Why?
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