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Isolation precautions

Isolation precautions. Are a method or technique of caring for patients who have communicable diseases. Communicable disease= easily transmitted pathogenic organisms. Used in addition to standard precautions to provide extra protection against specific diseases or pathogens.

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Isolation precautions

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  1. Isolation precautions

  2. Are a method or technique of caring for patients who have communicable diseases. • Communicable disease= easily transmitted pathogenic organisms. • Used in addition to standard precautions to provide extra protection against specific diseases or pathogens. Transmission-based isolation precautions

  3. The type of isolation is determined by: • The causative organism • The way the organism is transmitted • Whether or not the pathogen is antibiotic resistant. Four Main Classifications of precautions that must be followed: Standard, Airborne, Droplet and Contact

  4. Contaminated Clean • Objects contains disease-producing organisms. • Must not be touched, unless the hcw is protected by gloves, gown, and other required items. • The outside and waist ties of gown, the gloves, and mask are considered contaminated. • Objects or parts of objects do not contain disease producing organisms, therefore min. chance of spreading the disease. Refers to presence of organisms on objects

  5. Used for patients w/known or suspected infection with pathogens transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei. Examples: * Measles * Varicella (chicken pox) * Tuberculosis * Shingles Airborne Precautions

  6. Requires • Standard Precautions • Private room • Door must remained closed • Air must be filtered • Mask • If transporting pt, Pt must wear mask. Airborne Precautions

  7. Used for a pt know or suspected to be infected w/pathogens transmitted by large-particle droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, talking or laughing. • Examples: • Meningitis • Pneumonia • Pertusis • Flu Droplet precautions

  8. Requires: • Standard Precautions • Private room • Mask must be worn w/in 3ft of pt. but strongly recommended when in room. * If pt transfer is required pt must wear mask Droplet Precautions

  9. Contact Precautions • Used w/Pts known or suspected to be infected w/pathogens that are transmitted by direct or indirect contact. • Examples: * E. Coli * Rotavirus * Conjunctivitis * Diphtheria * MRSA * Scabies

  10. Requires • Standard Precautions • Private room • Gloves • Gown • Disposable equipment (stethoscope, sphygmomanometer, thermometer) • Movement/Transport of pt should be for essential purpose only. Pt must wear gown Contact precautions

  11. Methods used to protect certain patients from organisms present in the environment. • Used for immunocompromised pt. • Also referred to as Neutropenic Precautions • Examples: • Transplant pt • Burn pt • Pt on Chemo Reverse Isolation

  12. Requires • Standard Precautions • Strict Hand-washing procedures • Mask • No live plants or Flowers • No fresh fruit ** Pt must wear mask when leaving the room Reverse Isolation

  13. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ucxv70U3lNQ Isolation how to video

  14. Questions • What is a Communicable Disease? • A pathogenic organism that is easily transmitted to others. • Which type of isolation will you use for a patient that is receiving chemo? • Reverse isolation or Neutropenic precautions • What does the patient need to wear if they are on airborne precautions and need to go to CT? • Mask • What are you required to wear when you have a pt on contact precautions? • Gloves, gown if soiling is likely • What are standard precautions? • Rules developed by CDC. • Every body fluid should be considered a potentially infectious material and all pt must be considered potential source of infection. • Includes: hand-washing, gloves, gowns, mask, protective eyewear, extra care when handling sharps, • Must be followed at all times by all health care workers

  15. If a pt has chicken-pox which type of isolation do we use? • Airborne Precautions • What is the best way to prevent spread of pathogens when you have a pt on isolation? • Good Hand Hygiene • If a pt MRSA in a wound and is on contact precautions you do not need to wear gloves unless you are going to clean the wound? • False, everything in the room is considered contaminated. • There are no special considerations for men with facial hair when it comes to wearing masks for isolation precautions? • False, they need to use a special HEPA-Filtered hood because they can not achieve an airtight seal with a regular mask. • If a pt has C-Diff which type of isolation would we use? And what would we need to wear? • Contact • Gloves, Gown

  16. Which type of isolation would we use: • Chicken pox • Airborne • Pneumonia • Droplet • Measles • Airborne • MRSA • Contact • C-diff • Contact • Meningitis • Droplet • Conjunctivitis • Contact • Influenza • Droplet • Tuberculosis • Airborne

  17. Complete Worksheet 13.8 and turn in before the end of the class period. Assignment

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