New Concept English Comprehensive Course

Book 1 New Concept English Comprehensive Course 大学英语新理念综合教程第一册

Unit Three Friendship New Concept English Comprehensive Course 新理念大学英语综合教程 Book 1

Learning Focus Learn the new words and expressions. Know some tips about making real friends and put them into use. in daily life. Use the Present Continuous Tense, Present Perfect Tense and Present Perfect Continuous Tense correctly. Get to know some skills about how to write Notes.

Section II Reading Text A Text B

Text A Background Detailed Study of Text A Words and Expressions Exercises

Background Text A 1. What is friendship? Friendship is one of the greatest pleasure that people can enjoy. It implies(意味着) loyalty(忠诚), cordiality(热诚), sympathy(同情心), affection and readiness(愿意) to help. Real friends are those who can share all our sorrows(伤心事) and double all our joys. No man makes most of his life, either in business or in society, without carefully and conscientiously(凭良心地) striving(奋斗)to win the right kind of friends as he goes along.

Background Text A True friends cherish(珍爱) the ideals(理想) and feelings with you; they will not desert(荒芜的) you when you are in hot waters; they will not flatter(谄媚) or take advantage of you when you have won victory; and they will advise you sincerely when you are led astray(迷路的). We should choose those as our friends who have good character, superior(较高的) ability and kindliness(友好) of heart. We’ll treat our friends with courtesy(礼貌), be careful not to interfere(冲突) unreasonably(非理智的) with them, or not ridicule(嘲笑) their proceedings. We should forgive their mistakes and try to help them as much as possible. If we try to do these things, we’ll retain our friends and keep the sacred(神圣的) lamp(灯火) of friendship burning all our life.

Background Text A 2. Enjoy the poem: Thank you for being one of the very few people in my life who is a real friend. Some people will be your friends because of whom you know; Some people will be your friends because of your position; Some people will be your friends because of the way you look; Some people will be your friends because of your possessions. But the only real friends are the people who will be your friends because they like you for how you are inside. Thank you for being one of the very few people in my life who is a real friend!

Background Text A 3. Read the story: Nails in the Fence There once was a little boy who had a bad temper. His father gave him a bag of nails and told him that every time he lost his temper, he must hammer a nail into the back of the fence. The first day the boy had driven 37 nails into the fence. Over the next few weeks, as he learned to control his anger, the number of nails hammered daily gradually dwindled down. He discovered it was easier to hold his temper than to drive those nails into the fence. Finally the day came when the boy didn‘t lose his temper at all. He told his father about it and father suggested that the boy now pull out one nail for each day that he was able to hold his temper. The days passed and the young boy was finally able to tell his father that all the nails were gone.

Background Text A The father took his son by the hand and led him to the fence. He said, "You have done well, my son, but look at the holes in the fence. The fence will never be the same. When you say things in anger, they leave a scar just like these holes. You can put a knife in a man and draw it out. It won‘t matter how many times you say I‘m sorry; the wound is still there. A verbal wound is as bad as a physical one.“ So, every misunderstanding, every quarrel, every bad temper to another, will nail in her/his heart. Maybe we can draw nail out, maybe time will comfort the scar, but that cut will be there forever. Every quarrel will add a split in your friendship; maybe time will close the split, we are afraid that it will cost 2 or 3 years at least. Then when you are being to quarrel, let you down and quiet. Think about another in his/her position, say to myself in your heart: OK, it's fine. And then give your lover a smile. But it is probably hard to do that when we are young, so we break up quickly because of character & feeling disagreement.

参考译文 Text A 架起心灵之桥 1.很久以前，两位邻家兄弟起了冲突。四十年来，他们并肩耕耘，共用生产机械，需要时互换劳动力和物品，这是他们之间第一次出现裂痕。 2.事情起因于一个小误会，但是随后变成一个大分歧，最后爆发为恶语相向，之后几个星期互不理睬。 Text A

参考译文 Text A 3.一天早晨有人敲约翰的门。他开门发现是一个背着工具箱的木匠。“我想找点儿活干。你需要帮忙吗？”“是的，”哥哥这样答道。“我确实有个你能干的活儿。看到小溪对面的农场了吗？　那是我弟弟的。上个星期我们中间还是一块草地，但是他用他的推土机铲掉了，并且在我们中间挖了一条小河。他这么做是为了激恼我，但我要更胜他一筹。我想让你帮我修个围栏－这样我就不用再看他的农场，再也不想见到他的脸。 Text A

参考译文 Text A 4.木匠说，“我想情况我明白了。给我工具吧，我会令你满意的。” 5.哥哥要进城买些用品，所以给木匠找好工具后他就启程了。 6.随后的一整天，木匠都在认真地测量，锯木，钉钉。 Text A

参考译文 Text A 7.约翰回来时，木匠刚好干完。约翰惊诧地目瞪口呆。眼前根本就没有篱笆，而是一座桥…… 一座从小河一侧搭到另一侧的桥！扶手和所有的一切都那么美妙啊---他的弟弟正张开双臂从桥的那端走过来。 Text A

参考译文 Text A 8. “真没想到我对你那样的所为，你还能建这座桥。” 9.兄弟俩站在桥的两端，然后聚到桥中央，紧握着彼此的手。他们回头看见木匠正要离开，“不，等等！留下来吧，我还有其他的活儿给你做，”哥哥这样说到。 10.“我也想留下来，”木匠说，“但是还有许多桥等着我去搭建。” Text A

Text B Detailed Study of Text B Words and Expressions Exercises

参考译文 Text B 友谊 1.友谊是人们生命中必不可少的一部分。毫无疑问，人如果缺少朋友，如同无翼的天使，生活将在无尽的寂寞和沮丧中煎熬。友谊是心灵之母，抚平伤痛，慰藉心灵。生命中有许多事物可以和朋友分享：疑惑，兴奋，痛苦等等。哎，维持一份真正的友谊何等的重要啊！ Text B

参考译文 Text B 2.交朋友需要具备几种特殊品质。首先是理解。我们只有充分理解对方，才能得到真正有意义的友谊。我们可以发现相同的爱好。这种感觉使我们彼此越来越亲密。 Text B

参考译文 Text B 3. 友谊还需要一种特殊的无止境的爱。当朋友身处困境时，要毫不犹豫地表示你发自内心的关切。爱不是自私的。爱是上帝赋予我们的，需要用一生来珍惜的。容忍是友谊的第三个基本的要素。我们是不同的人。在我们生活中的各个方面，这一个体特征可能会导致我们之间产生分歧。不要使自己过长时间的沉浸在其中。努力以自我反省的心态去忍让他人。即使是圣人也不完美，何况我们这些凡人呢。我们应该进行良好的沟通。不要羞于让步。 Text B

参考译文 Text B 4.理解，爱和忍让是真正的友谊的三个基本要素。其他的品质也很重要，如周到细心，信任和耐心。记住，友谊是你心灵的护卫者，珍惜它。 Text B

2nd Nov. Henry, I am sorry I shall be out of town on business on Nov. 8, so I am afraid I’ll have to postpone our meeting to Thursday, Nov. 12 at the same hour. I do hope you can still come, and very much regret any inconvenience the postponement may cause you. Shihui Section III Practical Writing Notes（便条） Sample 1

参考译文 Sample 1 亨利：抱歉，11月8日我要外出公差。因此，恐怕我不得不把我们的见面推迟到11月12日（周四）的同一时间了。我非常希望你能来，并为延期会面对你造成的不便表示万分歉意。石慧 11月2日

Sample 2 Tuesday Dear Li, As the Spring Festival is drawing near, I’m very glad to invite you to come to a dinner party with several other friends of ours. I’m sure we will have a very happy time and enjoy ourselves thoroughly. Would you like to come on time at 5:00 p.m. today, to Room 6 of Lijing Hotel? Yours always Jiayang

参考译文 Sample 2 星期二亲爱的李：随着春节的临近，我非常高兴地邀请你和我们的其他几个朋友参加一个宴会。我肯定，我们将会玩得很高兴，尽情享受。请你今天下午5点准时到丽京大酒店6号房间好吗？你的朋友贾阳

Writing Tips 便条是一种简单的书信。虽然内容简单，但却有其独特的风格。主要目的是为了尽快的把最新的信息、通知、要求或者活动的时间、地点转告给对方。常见的便条有收条、欠条、留言和请假条等。 1. 便条可以有题目，也可以省略题目。 2. 便条开篇须有称呼语，但称呼可以比较随便。 3. 日期部分可写在便条的右上角。 4. 日期的签署通常只需写星期几或星期几的上午、下午，也可只写上午或下午和具体时间。只写日期也可以。 5. 便条结尾须署上留条人的姓名，位置在正文的右下角。

6. 便条的形式和内容简洁，故可以用几句话概括。 7. 文内语言尽量通俗口语化，简单扼要，直截了当，无需使用客套语言。 8. 便条虽简单，但中心务必突出，更要注明活动的时间及地点。 9. 便条不需邮寄，不用信封。通常请人代为转交。有时可写在留言板和留言簿上。基本写作格式便条内容和类型不尽相同，可以灵活变通。但各类便条必须包括以下几个基本要素；1）Date：便条日期2）Salutation：称呼3）Body：正文4）Signature：署名

Practical Tasks I. Translate the English sentences into Chinese ones. 1. I'm terribly sorry that I failed to meet you at the school gate yesterday afternoon. 对于昨天下午没能在学校门口和你见面我深表歉意。 2. Yours note with an admission ticket enclosed is much appreciated. 留言和一张入场券均已收到，不胜感激。

3. I happen to be in urgent need of 200 Yuan. 我因有急事，需要200元。 4. Please give an extension of leave for three days. 请准予续假三天。 5. Please accept this little gift as a small token of my esteem for you. 奉上这小小的礼物，以表达我对您的崇高敬意。

II. You are required to write a Note according to the following instructions given in Chinese. 假如你叫高雷，是Mary的朋友，请根据以下的提示给 Mary写一个留言条。你于今早（6月18日）从广州乘飞机到北京，10：30 去她的办公室看她， Mary不在，你告诉她你住在和平宾馆088房间，你明天去美国，询问 Mary是否给父母带些东西，见条后立即打电话，号码是5936112。

参考答案 10:30 a.m. June 18 Dear Mary, I got to Beijing from Guangzhou by plane this morning. I came to your office to see you, but you were not in. I'm going to fly to America tomorrow morning. I don't know if you want me to take something to your parents for you. I live in Room 088 of Heping Hotel. Please ring me up after you read the note. My telephone number is 5936112. Yours, Gao Lei

Section IV Language Skill Development 现在进行时 (Present Continuous Tense) 1. 定义: 现在进行时是表示现在或现在这一阶段正在进行的动作的时态。 2. 构成： (1) 肯定式： I am/You are/He is/She is/We are/You are/They are working. (2) 否定式：I’m not/You aren’t/He isn’t /She isn’t/We aren’t /You aren’t /They aren’t working. (3) 疑问式： Are you/Is he/Is she/Are they working? What are you/is he/is she/are you/are they doing? 3. 用法: (1) 表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作。e.g.: Please don't make so much noise. I'm writing a composition. 不要吵闹。我正在写作文。 She isn’t writing her homework now. 她现在没在写作业。 Is anyone singing in the next room? 有人在隔壁唱歌吗？

(2) 有时通过上下文可以判断出应采用现在进行时，e.g.: It's four o'clock in the afternoon. The children are playing football on the sports ground. 现在是下午四点。孩子们在操场上踢足球。 (3) 表示现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定在进行的动作,常与today，this week，this evening，these days连用。e.g.: They are compiling a dictionary. 他们在编一本词典。 (4) 在口语中表示主语计划将要做的动作，常与come，go，leave， depart，arrive，stay，start等动词连用。所用的动词必须是动作而不是状态，主语必须是人。e.g.: They are leaving for New York tomorrow. 明天他们将要动身前往纽约。 (5) 有的动词用于现在进行时表示“逐渐”的含义。此种用法除了偶尔和 now连用外，一般不和其他时间副词连用。适合于此种用法的动词有：bet /grow/become/turn/run/go(变成)，begin，forget，remember， die，finish，find，rise等。e.g.: Our study is becoming more interesting. 我们的学习变得越来越有趣了。

现在完成时（Present Perfect Tense） 1. 定义：表示到现在为止已完成或仍在持续的动作、状态;强调对现在的影响、联系,或表示经历、经验，即用过去发生的动作来说明现在的情况。 2. 构成：have(has)+过去分词。 3. 用法： (1) 表示某个已经发生且对现在造成影响或结果的动作，这种情况常不与任何时间状语连用。e.g.: I'm sorry I have lost my key. I can't open the door. 对不起，我把钥匙弄丢了。门开不了了。(钥匙是什么时候弄丢的，不知道。关键是结果，结果是没有钥匙不能开门。） --- Have you had lunch yet? --- Yes, I have. I've just had it. -- 你吃过午饭了吗？ -- 是的，刚吃过。 I haven’t read the letter, so I don’t know what it is about. （否定式）我还没读信，所以不知道是什么事。

(2) 表示过去某一时刻发生，且延续到现在的动作或状态。e.g.: We have lived here since last October. 自从去年十月份我们就一直住在这儿。这种情况不能和明确表示过去的时间连用，如：yesterday，last year，two years ago，in 1999，just now等。常与以下词语连用：表示一段的时间状语for，since，in the last few years 表示过去的时间副词just，before，recently 表示不确定的时间副词 already，yet（用于疑问句），never，ever， not...yet 包含现在的时间状语today，this week，this year，now，so far。 (3) 在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中代替将来完成时。e.g.: I'll go with you when I have made the model plane. 我做完模型飞机就同你一块去。 (4) 在“It's the first time that...”句中可以用现在完成时。e.g.: It's the first time that I have seen this kind of film. 这是我第一次看这样的电影。

现在完成进行时(Present Perfect Continuous Tense) 1. 定义：表示过去发生的动作一直延续到现在而且现在或者目前一段时间正在进行的一种时态。 2. 构成：have(has)+been+现在分词 3. 用法： (1)用来表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。现在这个动作可能刚刚终止，也可能仍在进行。e.g.: I have been sitting here all afternoon. 我在这儿坐了一下午了。 They have been fighting for independence since 1960s. 他们从60年代以来一直为独立而斗争。 (2) 现在完成进行时和现在完成时的区别: 现在完成进行时一般强调过去发生的动作现在仍在继续。现在完成时强调过去发生的动作现在已经完成或表示曾经发生过。 e.g.:

I have been writing an article. 我一直在写一篇文章。(仍在) I have written an article. 这已写好一篇文章。(已完成) I have read that book before. 以前我曾读过那本书。(动作在过去曾经发生过) 现在完成进行时表示刚刚结束的动作，强调动作在不久前持续进行，带有感情色彩。现在完成时表示已经结束的动作，强调动作的结果。e.g.: Where have you been? We have been looking for you everywhere. 你到哪里去了?我们到处在找你。(表示刚刚结束的动作) We have looked for him, but haven't found him. 我们找过他，但没有找到他。(表示动作已结束，强调动作的结果) 现在完成进行时表示现在以前的这段时间内反复发生的事情。e.g.: All these years， they have been contributing articles to our magazine. 这些年来，他们一直为我们杂志写稿。

Section VI Funny Time Auld Lang Syne

Should auld acquaintance be forgotAnd never brought to mindShould auld acquaintance be forgotAnd days of auld lang syneFor auld lang syne my dearFor auld lang syneWe'll take a cup of kindness yetFor auld lang syneAnd here's a hand my trusty friend And gie's a hand of thineWe'll take a cup of kindness yetFor auld lang syneFor auld lang syne my dear For auld lang syneWe'll take a cup of kindness yet For auld lang syne Should auld acquaintance be forgot And never brought to mindShould auld acquaintance be forgotAnd days of auld lang syneFor auld lang syne my dear For auld lang syneWe'll take a cup of kindness yetFor auld lang syneAnd here's a hand my trusty friend And gie's a hand of thineWe'll take a cup of kindness yet For auld lang syneFor auld lang syne my dear For auld lang syneWe'll take a cup of kindness yetFor auld lang syneFor auld lang syne my dear For auld lang syne We'll take a cup of kindness yetFor auld lang syne 《魂断蓝桥》（Waterloo Bridge）主题曲

友谊地久天长 《魂断蓝桥》（Waterloo Bridge）主题曲怎能忘记旧日朋友心中能不怀想，旧日朋友岂能相忘，友谊地久天长。友谊万岁，友谊万岁！举杯痛饮同声歌唱，友谊地久天长！我们曾经终日游荡在故乡青山上，我们也曾历尽苦辛到处奔波流浪。友谊万岁，友谊万岁！举杯痛饮同声歌唱，友谊地久天长！我们也曾终日逍遥荡浆在绿波上，但如今却劳燕分飞远隔大海重洋。友谊万岁，友谊万岁！举杯痛饮同声歌唱，友谊地久天长！我们往日情谊相投，让我们紧握手，让我们来举杯畅饮，友谊地久天长！友谊万岁！友谊万岁！举杯痛饮同声歌唱，友谊地久天长！

Thank You!

New Concept English Comprehensive Course