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Power and Energy

Power and Energy. Types of Electric Current. Direct Current (DC) Type of electricity produced by a battery. Electrons in a circuit travel in only one direction. Alternating Current (AC) Type of electricity used in the home. Produced by power generating plants.

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Power and Energy

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  1. Power and Energy

  2. Types of Electric Current • Direct Current (DC) • Type of electricity produced by a battery. • Electrons in a circuit travel in only one direction. • Alternating Current (AC) • Type of electricity used in the home. • Produced by power generating plants. • Electrons move back and forth.

  3. Transformers • Can convert AC to DC current. • Can convert Voltage and Current • High Voltage & Low Current  Low Voltage & High Current • Low Voltage & High Current  High Voltage & Low Current

  4. Power • Electrical Power is a measure of how quickly electrical energy can be used by a load or generated by a source. • Electrical Power (P) is measured in the unit of Watts (W) • A 100W light bulb uses more power than a 60W light bulb • A 100W light bulb is brighter than a 60W light bulb

  5. Power Equation P = I x V • Where: • I is current measured in Amps (A) • V is potential difference measured in Volts (V) • P is power measured in Watts (W) • Question: What is the power of a light bulb that uses 0.84A at 116V? • Answer: 60 W

  6. Energy • Electrical Energy used by a load depends on the power of the load and how long it is used for. Powerful loads used for short periods of time use the same amount of energy as Small loads used for long periods of time • Electrical Energy (E) is measured as: • Joules (J) for small loads and short times • Kilo-Watt Hours (kWh) for large loads and long periods of time.

  7. Power vs. Energy • What vehicle uses more energy? • A tractor trailer parked on the road • A Honda civic traveling down the highway • What vehicle is more powerful?

  8. Energy Equation E = P x ∆t • Where: • P is power measured in Watts (W) • ∆t (pronounced “delta-t”) is time used in seconds or hours • Energy is measured in Joules (J) • For: Science and Engineering • 1J = 1 W × 1 second • Energy is measured in kilo-watt hours (kWh) • For: Kitchen appliances and utility bills • 1 kWh = 1000 W × 1 hour

  9. Energy Questions (E = P x ∆t) • How much energy (in Joules) does a 60W light bulb use in 1 minute? • The power of an oven is 2000 W. If it takes 1 hour to bake a loaf of bread, how much energy is used (in kWh)? • Energy in Ontario costs $0.10 per kWh. How much money does it cost to bake the loaf of bread.

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