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Chapter 5

Chapter 5. Bacterial infections Viruses Hepatitis HIV / AIDS. Bacterial Infections. Infections occur when body tissues are invaded by disease-causing or pathogenic bacteria Presence of pus is a sign of infection Pus Fluid product of inflammation Contains white blood cells

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Chapter 5

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  1. Chapter 5 Bacterial infections Viruses Hepatitis HIV / AIDS

  2. Bacterial Infections • Infections occur when body tissues are invaded by disease-causing or pathogenic bacteria • Presence of pus is a sign of infection • Pus • Fluid product of inflammation • Contains white blood cells • Debris of dead cells • Tissue elements and bacteria

  3. Bacterial Infections • Signs of infection • Pus • Redness • Swelling • Pain • Fever

  4. Bacterial Infections • Local infection • Confined to a single area • Pimple • Boil • Infected cut • Contains pus, which contains bacteria, waste matter, decayed tissue, body cells and living and dead blood cells • Staphylococci • Most common pus-forming bacteria

  5. Bacterial Infections • General infection • Pathogenic bacteria and their toxins are carried to all parts of the body • By way of the bloodstream • Blood poisoning • Syphilis

  6. Bacterial Infections • Contagious or communicable • Spread from one person to another • Direct or indirect contact such as • Coughing • Sneezing • Unclean hands • Unclean implements • Open sores • Common drinking cups • Common towels

  7. Bacterial Infections • Common contagious diseases preventing cosmetologist from working • Tuberculosis • Colds • Ringworm • Scabies • Head lice • Virus infections

  8. Viruses • Submicroscopic structures capable of infecting almost all plants, animals and bacteria • Can pass through the pores of a porcelain filter • Cause common colds • Respiratory and gastrointestinal infections • They include measles, mumps, chicken pox, smallpox, rabies, yellow fever, polio, influenza, HIV (AIDS)

  9. Viruses • Live by penetrating cells • Resistant to antibiotics • Vaccination will prevent • Not available for all viruses

  10. Hepatitis • Disease marked by inflammation of the liver & caused by a blood borne virus similar to HIV/AIDS in transmission • Present in all body fluids • Hepatitis A • Illness lasts about 3 weeks • Symptoms similar to flu • May cause yellowing of skin and eye in adults

  11. Hepatitis • Spread through close contact • Poor sanitation • Personal hygiene • Infected food handlers • Sexual contact • Contaminated food • Milk • Water • Shellfish • Vaccine is available

  12. Hepatitis • Hepatitis B ( HBV ) • Can cause long-term hepatitis, cirrhosis, and/or liver cancer • There may be no symptoms or flu-like symptoms • Primarily transmitted through sexual contact or parenteral ( occurring outside the intestine ) exposure • Piercing mucous membranes or skin barrier • Blood to blood products • Vaccine is available

  13. Hepatitis • Hepatitis C ( HCV ) • Progresses slowly • About 1/3 of those with the illness show no symptoms • When symptoms exist they include • Fatigue • Stomach pain • Headaches

  14. Hepatitis • Hepatitis C • Transferable through parenteral contact • Sexual activity w/infected partners • Passed through blood and body fluids • Unprotected sexual contact • Sharing of IV needles w/infected drug users • Accidents w/needles in health care facilities • Through cut and sores • NO vaccine is available

  15. HIV / AIDS • HIV • Human Immunodeficiency Virus • Causes AIDS • Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome • AIDS breaks down the body’s immune system • Passed through blood and body fluids • Unprotected sexual contact • Sharing of IV needles w/infected drug users • Accidents w/needles in health care facilities • Through cut and sores

  16. HIV / AIDS • Methods for NOT transmitting the disease • Hand holding • Hugging • Kissing • Sharing food or household items • Like telephones or toilet seats • No documented cases of the virus being transmitted by food handlers, insects or casual contact • Can be infected for 11 years without symptoms • A person may be infected and transmitting the disease without even knowing they have the disease

  17. Summary • Infections occur when body tissues are invaded by disease-causing or pathogenic bacteria • Three kinds of infections; local, general and contagious or communicable • Hepatitis A & B have a vaccine available • Hepatitis C does not have a vaccine available • HIV/AIDS breaks down the body’s immune system

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