1 / 12

Agenda 1/27

Warm – Up: What do you think succession means? Use this sentence as a clue: Prince Henry succeeded his father on the throne of England. Quiz: 5.2 Look over Unit 1 Test 5.3 Notes – How Ecosystems Change Begin Fire Wars. Agenda 1/27. Ch. 5, Section 3: How Ecosystems Change

nishan
Download Presentation

Agenda 1/27

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Warm – Up: What do you think succession means? Use this sentence as a clue: Prince Henry succeeded his father on the throne of England. Quiz: 5.2 Look over Unit 1 Test 5.3 Notes – How Ecosystems Change Begin Fire Wars Agenda 1/27

  2. Ch. 5, Section 3: How Ecosystems Change Standards: SEV1a, b, d, e, SEV5c How Ecosystems Work

  3. What is ecological succession? • A gradual process of change and replacement of some or all of the species in a community. • Can take 100’s or 1000’s of years. • Ends in a climax community

  4. What is a climax community? • Final, stable community. • Generally remains the same if undisturbed • Type of climax community will vary depending on ecosystem • Climax community for a desert is different from tropical rainforest • Both primary & secondary succession end with a climax community.

  5. What are the two types of succession? • PRIMARY • occurs on a surface where no ecosystem existed before • Ex: rocks, sand dune, new island • SECONDARY • Occurs on a surface where an ecosystem has previously existed. • Ex: after fire, volcano, flood, abandoned farm

  6. What are the steps of primary succession? Typical primary succession of forest: • Rock is physically & chemically weathered & broken down to make soil. • Physical- frost wedging- frozen water expands & creates cracks • Chemical- pioneer species like lichens & moss can secrete acids to dissolve rock. • Thin soil can support grasses • As grasses die & decompose they contribute to soil layer and soil gets thicker. • As soil thickens it can support larger plant life like shrubs • First trees that grow are usually sun loving trees like pines • As pines grow tall they shade their saplings, saplings can’t get sun and die off. • Shade loving trees like deciduous trees (oak, hickory) grow under pines, eventually outgrowing and replacing pines.

  7. What are the steps of secondary succession? • Soil is already established so it doesn’t have to be created. • Takes less time than primary • More common than primary succession • Pioneer species- grasses, weeds • Shrubs • Pine trees • Deciduous trees • 3 examples: • After a fire • After a field is abandoned • Pond becomes a forest

  8. Fire & secondary succession • Some ecosystems rely on natural fires to maintain the ecosystem. • Ex: grasslands, chaparral • Fires are actually beneficial: • Jack pine trees need intense heat of fire to release seeds • Animals eat new, soft plants that sprout right after fire when soil is nutritious • Minor forest fires burn accumulation of brush & deadwood that would otherwise contribute to major fires.

  9. old field secondary succession • Farmers field becomes a forest. • Pioneer species of grasses establish quickly due to rich soil.

  10. Pond to forest succession • Ponds can fill in and become a forest if not maintained. • Pond fills in with dead leaves, debris, eroded sediment. • Makes pond more shallow. • Sunlight helps plants grow in shallow pond • Eventually fills in completely with sediment & secondary succession continues.

  11. Questions to ask yourself… • What is the difference between primary and secondary succession? • What role does a pioneer species play during the process of succession? • Why would putting out forest fires be damaging in the long run? • What role do lichens play in primary succession? • How are lichens similar to the pioneer species that colonize abandoned farm areas? How are they different?

More Related