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Information technology

Information technology Choi yiu Kuen Lecturers and Tutors Weeks 1 – 4, Choi yiu kuen, dcykcho@cityu.edu.hk , ext-27888639 Weeks 5 – 7, Bryan Cheung dcbryanc@cityu.edu.hk , 27888115 Textbook using Information Technology by Williams and Sawyer, fifth edition, ISBN 0-07-115105-2 Assessment

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Information technology

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  1. Information technology Choi yiu Kuen

  2. Lecturers and Tutors • Weeks 1 – 4, Choi yiu kuen, dcykcho@cityu.edu.hk, ext-27888639 • Weeks 5 – 7, Bryan Cheung dcbryanc@cityu.edu.hk, 27888115 • Textbook using Information Technology by Williams and Sawyer, fifth edition, ISBN 0-07-115105-2

  3. Assessment • Continuous Assessment • Laboratory practise (20%) • Assignment – hardcopy submission and presentation (25%) • Time-constraint examination • Questions (50%)

  4. Teaching Schedule

  5. Using Information Technology Chapter 1 – Page 1 - 23 Introduction to Information Technology

  6. Introduction to Information TechnologyMind Tools for Your Future • 1.1 Infotech Becomes Commonplace: Cellphones, E-Mail, the Internet, & the E-World • 1.2 The “All-Purpose Machine”: The Varieties of Computers • 1.3 Understanding Your Computer: What If You Custom-Ordered Your Own PC? • 1.4 Where is Information Technology Headed?

  7. “Say goodbye to the personal computing era. Just on the horizon is the era that comes next--the personal information era.” --Kevin Maney, Technology Journalist • Pervasive computing trends: • Information overload • Less use of our brains for memorizing • A surge in multi-tasking activity

  8. 1.1 Infotech Becomes Commonplace: Cellphones, E-Mail, the Internet, & the E-World • Information technology (“infotech”): • Computers - programmable multiuse machines that convert data into information • Communications - electromagnetic devices and systems for communicating over long distances

  9. The Telephone Grows Up • Approximately 1 billion people using cellphones • Internet phones are cell phones plus: • Email • Web services • Video

  10. “You’ve Got Mail!” E-Mail’s Mass Impact • E-mail (“electronic mail”) - • messages transmitted over a network • Network - communications system connecting two or more computers

  11. The Internet, the World Wide Web, & the “Plumbing of Cyberspace” • Cyberspace encompasses the whole wired and wireless world of communications: • The Internet - the “mother of all networks” • The World Wide Web - multimedia part of Net

  12. The E-World & Welcome to It • E-business • E-commerce • E-government • E-learning • E-pinions • E-tailing e-service

  13. 1.2 The “All-Purpose Machine”: The Varieties of ComputersAll Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of Machines • Supercomputers • Mainframes • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers IBM ASCI White

  14. All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of Machines • Supercomputers • Mainframes • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers VP2400 mainframe

  15. All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of Machines • Supercomputers • Mainframes • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers Sun Microsystems workstation

  16. All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of Machines • Supercomputers • Mainframes • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers Sony tower PC

  17. All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of Machines • Supercomputers • Mainframes • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers Picture of desktop

  18. All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of Machines • Supercomputers • Mainframes • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers Laptop computer

  19. All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of Machines • Supercomputers • Mainframes • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers Personal Digital Assistant

  20. All Computers, Great & Small: The Categories of Machines • Supercomputers • Mainframes • Workstations • Microcomputers • Microcontrollers

  21. Servers and clients • Server – it is a central computer that holds collections of data & programs for clients • Clients - PCs, workstations, & other devices • Server + Clients linked together = Client/Server network

  22. Data is defined as: The raw facts and figures that are processed into information Information is defined as: Data that has been summarized or otherwise manipulated for use in decision making 1.3 Understanding Your Computer: What If You Custom-Ordered Your Own PC?How Computers Work - Concept #1The purpose of a computer is to process data into information.

  23. Hardware is: All the machinery and equipment in a computer system, You could physically see and touch, Software is: All the instructions that tell the computer how to perform a task, you could not physically see and touch. How Computers Work - Concept #2Computers consist of hardware and software.

  24. How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same five basic operations. • Input – keyboard & mouse • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Keyboard Mouse

  25. How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Case or system cabinet

  26. How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Processor chip, CPU

  27. How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Memory chips, 64M, 128M and 256M

  28. How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Motherboard

  29. Input Processing Storage Output Communications Primary storage (memory) Computer circuitry that temporarily holds data waiting to be processed Secondary storage (storage) The area in the computer where data or information is held permanently How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations

  30. Input Processing Storage Output Communications Byte - 1 character of data Kilobyte - 1000 characters Megabyte - 1,000,000 characters Gigabyte - 1 billion characters Terabyte - 1 trillion characters How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations

  31. How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Floppy disk Zip disk

  32. How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Hard-disk drive

  33. How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications

  34. How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Sound card

  35. How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Speakers

  36. How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Video card

  37. How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Monitor

  38. How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Printer

  39. How Computers Work - Concept #3All computers follow the same four basic operations • Input • Processing • Storage • Output • Communications Modem

  40. Put all the hardware together and…

  41. You still need the software! Bill Gate • System software • Helps the computer perform essential operating tasks and enables the application software to run, such as Windows XP, 2000 and 98, Linux • and…

  42. You still need the software! • Application software • Enables you to perform specific tasks--solve problems, perform work, or entertain yourself such as word, excel, powerpoint, photoshop

  43. 1.4 Where Is Information Technology Headed?Three Directions of Computer Development • Miniaturization • smaller • Speed • faster • Affordability • cheaper Then (1946) Now

  44. Three Directions of Communications Development • Connectivity–connects to other machines • Interactivity– two-way communication, a user can respond to information • Multimedia – supports text, graphics, video and sound Auto PC

  45. When Computers & Communications Combine:Convergence, Portability, & Personalization • Convergence –means combining industries through various devices that exchange data in the format used by electronics, entertainment and mass media. • Portability –it is so tiny that you could carry • Personalization –creation of information tailored to individual

  46. “E” Also Stands for Ethics • Speed and scale – huge information can be stored and retrieved. • Unpredictability – compared to others, such as electricity, it is less predictable • Complexity – computer systems are complex

  47. Summary • Data and Information • Hardware and Software • Computer Scale: supercomputer, mainframe, minicomputer, microcomputer, microcontroller • Microcomputer: Input, Output, CPU, memory, hard disk • Software: Operation software (Windows XP) and application software (Word)

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