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Parental Behavior. Specific behaviors influence children Direct instruction Modeling Feedback. Direct Instruction. Explain to children what to do…. WHEN WHY. Explain. Explain the link between emotion and behavior. Coach behavior Explain alternatives
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Parental Behavior Specific behaviors influence children • Direct instruction • Modeling • Feedback
Direct Instruction • Explain to children what to do…. • WHEN • WHY
Explain • Explain the link between emotion and behavior. • Coach behavior • Explain alternatives • Explain how our actions affect others
Coaching • Particularly powerful influence when paired with modeling.
Modeling • Learning by observing parent • Learn what should be done • Learn what should not be done (counterimitation)
Inhibition—if we see someone punished for a behavior we are less likely to exhibit that behavior • Disinhibition—increase in observed behaviors (parents fight so child fights)
Feedback • Reinforcement—increases likelihood of repeating the behavior • Punishment—decreases likelihood of repeating behavior while the punisher is present • Negative reinforcement trap—often with mother and son
Negative Reinforcement Trap • Mom: “Take out the trash.” • Son: argues, complains, whines • Mom: gives in
Punishment • Immediate • Consistent • Explain why and what to do to avoid it next time • Warm relationship with punisher
Time Out • Use caution • Purpose of time out • Use induction • Learn alternative behaviors for future use
Direct instruction Modeling behavior that is valued Do not model behavior you do not want the child to learn Giving feedback Using authoritative parenting style So…Influence Children by
Interactive Influences • Parent and child respond to each other and elicit behaviors • Influence of temperament • Patterns of interaction emerge
Cultural Variations in Parenting • Warmth • Control
Styles of Grandparenting • Formal • Fun-seeking • Distant • Dispensing-family-wisdom • Surrogate parent
Summary • Parents influence behavior of children. • Children influence behavior of parents. • Wise adults are aware of those influences • Consider temperament • Consider culture • Consider grandparents’ role as family members