1 / 12

Chapter 4: “Ocean Zones”

Chapter 4: “Ocean Zones”. I. Exploring the Ocean. Learning About the Ocean: All people have studied the ocean throughout history, because the ocean is a source of food, trade routes, and travel. Modern scientists study the ocean’s waters and the ocean floor. Trading routes

oberon
Download Presentation

Chapter 4: “Ocean Zones”

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 4: “Ocean Zones”

  2. I. Exploring the Ocean • Learning About the Ocean: • All people have studied the ocean throughout history, because the ocean is a source of food, trade routes, and travel. Modern scientists study the ocean’s waters and the ocean floor. • Trading routes • Scientific discoveries • Exploring the ocean floor – sonar = sound navigation and ranging • Features of the Ocean Floor • Shallow water – continental shelf, continental slope • Open ocean – abyssal plain, mid-ocean ridge • Deepest depths – trench • Movements of the Ocean Floor • Layers inside earth • Earth’s plates: Tectonic plate movement has shaped Earth’s features, on land and under the ocean. • Plates moving apart (diverging) – seafloor spreading • Plates moving together (converging) – subduction

  3. II. Ocean Habitats • Ocean Zones and Conditions • Ocean zones: • Intertidal zone • Neritic zone • Open-ocean zone • Physical conditions • Life in the Ocean: Scientists classify marine organisms based on where they live and how they move. • Plankton • Nekton • Benthos • Relationships among organisms • Ocean food webs

  4. III. Intertidal Zone • Rocky Shores • Organisms must be able to tolerate pounding waves, changes in salinity, and changes in temperature. They must also be able to live underwater or exposed to air. • Along the rocks – the “spray zone” • Barnacles; limpets • In tide pools • Sea stars; sea urchins; sea anemones • Where River Meets Ocean • Along the coasts of the U.S. are mostly two types of wetlands. • Mangrove forests • Salt marshes • Protecting estuaries from pollution

  5. IV. Neritic Zone and Open-Ocean Zone • Conditions in the Neritic Zone • The shallow water over the continental shelf receives sunlight and a steady supply of nutrients washed from the land into the ocean. The light and nutrients enable large plantlike algae to grow. • Coral Reefs • Environment of coral reefs – Coral reefs can form only in shallow, tropical ocean waters. • Ring-shaped reefs - atoll • Life around a reef • Coral reefs and humans

  6. “How an Atoll Forms” (Figure 13, pg. 152)

  7. Life in a Kelp Forest • Environment of kelp forests • Kelp forests grow in cold neritic waters where the ocean has a rocky floor. • Providing a habitat • Conditions in the Open Ocean • Only a small part of the open ocean receives sunlight. The water has fewer nutrients. • The surface zone • The transition zone • The deep zone • Hydrothermal vents

  8. V. Resources From the Ocean • Living Resources: people depend on fish and other ocean organisms for food and for materials used in certain products • Harvesting fish • Aquaculture • Other ocean products • Nonliving Resources • Water • Fuels • Minerals - nodules • Ocean Pollution: some ocean pollution is natural but most is human-related • Natural occurrences • Human activities • Protecting Earth’s oceans

  9. Chapter Review • Review Questions • Pg. 169, #1-10 • Pg. 170, #11-25 • Test Format • M.C. and T/F • Short Answer (diagrams) • “Features of the Ocean Floor” (pg. 134-135) • “How an Atoll Forms” (pg. 152)

More Related