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Lecture, November 20, 2002

Lecture, November 20, 2002. Message Delivery to Processes Internet Addressing Address resolution protocol (ARP) Dynamic host reconfiguration protocol (DHCP) Tunneling Mobile IP Routing in Virtual Circuit Networks. Message delivery to processes. Addressing. Address spaces Flat

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Lecture, November 20, 2002

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  1. Lecture, November 20, 2002 • Message Delivery to Processes • Internet Addressing • Address resolution protocol (ARP) • Dynamic host reconfiguration protocol (DHCP) • Tunneling • Mobile IP • Routing in Virtual Circuit Networks

  2. Message delivery to processes

  3. Addressing • Address spaces • Flat • Hierarchical • Addressing Modes • Unicast • Multicast • Broadcast • Anycast

  4. Internet addressing • IPv4 address encoding – classes • Problems and solutions • Subnetting • Classless address encoding • Address resolution protocol (ARP) • Dynamic host reconfiguration protocol (DHCP) • Tunneling • Mobile IP

  5. IPv4 packet format

  6. IPv4 address encoding

  7. Problems with IPv4 address encoding • The size of the IP address space is: 232 • Class C addresses not very useful… • Class B addresses wasteful… • We would like to group network addresses to reduce the size of forwarding tables.

  8. Subnetting • Define a subnet mask and a subnet number. • Obtain the subnet number: (IP address) AND (subnet mask) • The whole idea is to allocate a single network number to a collection of networks. • All hosts in a subnet have the same subnet number. • Routing: given a destination IP address the router ANDs this address with the masks of all entries to determine the subnet number of the destination. Example.

  9. Subnetting

  10. Classless interdomain routing - CIDR • A block of class C addresses are aggregated to have a common prefix. • Example: 195.2.32.xx  11000101 00000010 00100000 xxxxxxxx 195.2.63.yy  11000101 00000010 00111111 yyyyyyyy Have a common 18 bit prefix 11000101 00000010 001

  11. Classless interdomain routing - CIDR • In this bloc we have 214 addresses (32-18=14). • If • all potential 16,384 hosts in this block are connected to LANs connected to the same router and • All routers know to use an 18 bit prefix for the lookup phase of forwarding we are in business.

  12. Address Resolution Protocol

  13. Tunneling

  14. Dynamic host reconfiguration protocol - DHCP

  15. Mobile IP

  16. IPv6

  17. UDP

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