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Silvicultural Practices and Invasive Exotic Pants

Silvicultural Practices and Invasive Exotic Pants. Shep Zedaker Department of Forestry Virginia Tech. OUTLINE. Invasive/Exotic Weed Biology Silvicultural Practices for Plantations and Naturally Regenerated Stands Invasive/Exotic Avoidance Invasive/Exotic Control/Examples.

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Silvicultural Practices and Invasive Exotic Pants

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  1. Silvicultural Practices and Invasive Exotic Pants Shep Zedaker Department of Forestry Virginia Tech

  2. OUTLINE • Invasive/Exotic Weed Biology • Silvicultural Practices for Plantations and Naturally Regenerated Stands • Invasive/Exotic Avoidance • Invasive/Exotic Control/Examples

  3. Pioneer Species - Intolerant of Shade Shade Tolerant Species Herbs Vines Shrubs Trees Invasive Weed Biology

  4. Shade Tolerant Exotics • Herbs: Nepalese Browntop, Garlic Mustard • Vines: Periwinkles, Chocolate, Honeysuckle • Shrubs: Privets, Autumn Olive, Winged Burning Bush • Trees: Tallow/Popcorn, Chinaberry

  5. Intolerant Exotics • Herbs: Tall Fescue, Silvergrass, Cogongrass • Vines: Kudzu, Wisterias • Shrubs: Multiflora Rose • Trees: Ailanthus, Paulownia, Russian Olive

  6. Biological Reality Annuals (herbs) – You must get them before they have sex! Perennials (herbs, vines shrubs, trees) - Get them before they get big, numerous, and/or have sex!

  7. TSI Thinnings Regeneration Cut Site Preparation Release TSI Thinnings Regeneration Cut Silvicultural Operations/Opportunities Naturally Regenerated Stands: Plantations:

  8. Bad Things To Do • Partial Cutting • Clearcutting without Release/Site Prep • Any Cutting before Invasive is Controlled or You Have a Plan

  9. Exotic Species (#/plot)

  10. Avoidance Thou Shalt Look Over Thy Neighbor’s Fence Thou Shalt Not Provide an Opening/Hole Thou Shalt Fill All Holes Immediately

  11. Control Thou Shalt Use All Techniques, Resources, Tricks… Available (ACAP)

  12. Examples: • Ailanthus altissima – Intolerant Tree • Akebia quinata – Tolerant Vine

  13. Tree-of-Hell • If You Make a Hole • If You Have a Source of Regeneration • Ailanthus Will Come!

  14. Tree-of-Hell • If You Pull It, You WILL Get Tired • If You Cut It, It WILL Resprout • If You Cut-and-Stump-Spray, It WILL Resprout • If You Foliar Spray, Be Sure Not To Kill Others • If You Basal Spray, You Have A Chance

  15. Death By Basal

  16. Ailanthus Mortality- 1YAT

  17. Ailanthus Stems (#/ha) 2YAT

  18. Chocolate Vine (Akebia quinata) Grows as a twining vine or vigorous ground cover. Grows so quickly that it can overtake ground-level vegetation, understory shrubs, and even canopy trees. Found in 16 states in the eastern U.S., from Michigan to Connecticut and south to Georgia.

  19. Chocolate Vine

  20. During the fall most of the desirable native plants are dormant while Akebia still retains much of its above-ground foliage.

  21. Only the foliage that is partly protected by the litter layer is present during the dormant season.

  22. Akebia Control 6 MAT

  23. Native Plant Species (#/plot)

  24. Jack-in-the-Pulpit (Arisaema triphyllum)

  25. Chemicals to Use(Must Get Tough) • Glyphosate fine for most herbs, Imazapyr, Metsulfuron, or Triclopyr necessary for some. • Most shrubs and vines require Imazapyr or Triclopyr, some even Picloram • Trees require Triclopyr, Imazapyr and/or Picloram

  26. Silvicultural Operations • Minimize Soil Disturbance • Maximize/Optimize Chemical Use • Look Around for Biologicals (Any Success Stories?)

  27. Silvicultural Practices and Invasive Exotic Pants Shep Zedaker Department of Forestry Virginia Tech

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