Planning and Evaluating Physical Activity Programmes

1. Planning and EvaluatingPhysical Activity Programmes Specification: Planning, implementation and/or evaluation of physical activity programmes/experiences, drawing upon knowledge underpinning achievement standards 90739 and 90740. A.S. 3.1 & 3.2 Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

2. Workshop Overview • Introduction to the specifications • Warm-up circle activity – sharing stories • Previous scholarship questions • What the examiners look for • Content knowledge & mind-maps • Looking at the world through a new lens • Developing critical thinking through group work Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

3. 2011 Specification Planning, implementation and/or evaluation of physical activity programmes/experiences drawing upon knowledge underpinning achievement standards 90739 and 90740. 3.1 & 3.2 Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

4. Definitions • A physical activity programme or experience may include: • A personal fitness programme • An outdoor education experience • A triathlon • Leisure-based activities • Aerobics routine • Dance performance • Stage Challenge • Festivals that involve movement • Other appropriate programmes/experiences Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

5. Why have we changed To...Physical Activity Programmes? To focus on more than just fitness! From...Physical Exercise Programmes Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

6. Sharing Stories – Round 1 • What programme or experience did you plan for PE 3.1 and evaluate for PE 3.2? • What factor had the biggest positive impact on your wellbeing? How did it impact? Why? • What factor had the biggest negative impact on your wellbeing? How did it impact? Why? Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

7. Sharing Stories – Round 2 • What programme or experience did you plan for 3.1 and evaluate for 3.2? • What were the expected outcomes of the programme? • To what extent were you in control of the context? Of the goals? • To what extent were the expected outcomes realised? Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

8. Sharing Stories – Round 3 • What programme or experience did you plan for 3.1 and evaluate for 3.2? • What factors that affected the programme were out of the planner’s control? • How could the planning have been improved? • Why would it make a difference? Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

9. Previous Scholarship Questions Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

10. Goal Setting“A goal is what an individual is trying to accomplish. It is the object or aim of an action” Lock, 1981 Goal Setting is generally thought to affect performance in the following way: • Attention: helps to direct a performers attention (focus) to the important aspects of the task • Effort: helps to mobilise or increase the appropriate degree of effort a performer needs to make in relation to specific task • Persistence: helps a performer maintain their efforts over time • New Strategies: helps a performer to develop new and various strategies in order to achieve their goals. Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

11. SMARTER Goals Specific Measurable Achievable/Accepted/Adjustable Realistic Time frame Exciting Recorded Smarter goals + Effective planning = Goal attainment Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

12. Previous Scholarship Questions Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

13. Evaluating Questions • Where are you going? • Goals • Purpose • Where have you come from? • Needs analysis • Pretesting • Review of changes • What did you do? • Strengths • Weaknesses • Why did you do it that way? • Benefits • Risks • What have you learned from the experiences? • Outcomes • Effects • Effectiveness • How did you learn from it? • Monitoring Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

14. When to evaluate Evaluation can occur throughout the planning & implementation process e.g. • To identify needs • To identify current performance • To identify and justify the purpose • Monitoring during the programme • Monitoring of the plan’s effectiveness • Monitoring of the outcomes and effects Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

15. Previous Scholarship Questions Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

16. Some reasons for PA choices • Health & Fitness – maintaining wellbeing • Vertigo– adrenaline / thrill of speed or danger • Catharsis - release of stress, emotion, frustration • Social - Team work/bonding, fun with friends • Ascetic– endurance, determination, overcoming pain • Aesthetic – the beauty and grace of movement Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

17. What is important when planning a physical activity programme? • Desired outcomes • SMARTER Goals • Principles of Training • Methods of Training • Logistics • Periodisation & Peaking • Monitoring Programmes • Exercise Logs/Records • Socio-cultural factors • Barriers and Enablers • Physiological Data • Personal Feelings • Behavioural factors • Hauora/Wellbeing • Safety, Rest, Recovery Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

18. Previous Scholarship Questions Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

19. What is wrong with a blue print for creating physical activity programmes? • Is there any value in using a “one size fits all” or standardised programme approach? • What challenges could you encounter if you used a set sequence in designing all types of physical activity programmes? Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

20. Previous Scholarship Questions Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

21. Factors to consider for the 2006 question • Students choose PE as a subject for different reasons. • People choose to participate in physical activity for different reasons. • Playing sport does not imply a person is fit. • Fitness is specific to a purpose e.g. wellbeing vs weightlifting. • Muscular endurance is specific to the muscle groups. • Muscular endurance may interfere with explosive power and strength. Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

22. “One Size Fit’s All” Programmes Negatives: Might not match your desired outcome/goals Negative influence this could have on individual if outcomes aren’t achieved Injuries not considered Current level of fitness Positives: • Getting active • Ease of management • Working with others (doing the same thing) • Training relevant components Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

23. What are possible outcomes for Physical Activity? Who uses them? Some of the outcomes: • Hauora/Well being • Aerobic Fitness • Muscular Endurance • Skilled sports performance • Elite sport performance • Weight Control or loss • Socialisation • Enjoyment • Recreational activities • Longevity • Stress management • Freedom from disease • Or a combination of the above Anyone!!! Dancers People Wanting to get fit People wanting to experience the outdoors Elite Athletes Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

24. How do Physical Activity Programmes relate to Hauora? Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

25. The assessment schedule and examiners report Information on the NZQA Website: http://nzqa.govt.nz/scholarship/subjects/resources.html • Check previous years’ assessment schedules • Content information • Markers schedule • Check previous years’ examiners report Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

26. Remember to • Consider the 3 P’s: • Purpose (context & goals) • Process (planning & implementation) • Product (intended & unintended outcomes, effects on wellbeing) • Show depth of understanding • Integrate theory with your own practical experiences • Use SEDEC • Statement • Explain what you mean • Detailed example • Conclusion/Consequence – impact / so what? • Be critical • Examine issues • Examine bias • Challenge assumptions • Identify gaps/omissions • Make a valid overall judgment with justification Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

27. Aspects that could be critically evaluated Effectiveness of a particular aspect of programming e.g. goal-setting, periodisation, fitness testing, pre-testing, application of training principles The effectiveness of a programme to achieve its outcomes e.g. Peaking individuals for an event; unexpected outcomes: fatigue, overtraining; injury, illness, dehydration, heat exhaustion, time constraints The effectiveness of programmes in general e.g. The value of having a programme plan or goal-setting The effectiveness of a programme for a particular: Persone.g. Individual needs in a team sport or group situation Purpose e.g. Specificity to a playing position; peaking for an event vs maintaining performance over a season; well-being vs sport, personal goals vs expectations from others Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

28. Critically Evaluating using De Bono’s Hats Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

29. Content to Consider Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

30. Biophysical & Socio-cultural factors • Socio-cultural • Barriers & enablers • Goal Setting • Body Image • Self Esteem • Fitness myths • Enjoyment • Fitness vsHauora • SPEECH • Society Environment Political Cultural Economic Historical) Biophysical Fitness components & testing MoT’s & PoT’s Nutrition Exercise physiology - the body’s response to exercise • Heart rate • Oxygen uptake • Fatigue • Injuries • Muscle changes Sports Psychology • Psychological Skills Training Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

31. Examining Issues – De Bonos Red Hat • Examine bias • Challenge assumptions • Identify omissions/limitations • Select at least ONE major issue to include in your essay Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

32. Some Areas of Critique • Healthism • The body needs to be kept in tune. • Individual’s are responsible. • SPEECH factors are irrelevant to an individual’s health • The body as a project • the body is open to reconstruction to improve it • Commodification • The fitness industry makes money from people’s desire to be fit or thin Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

33. Areas of Critique • Technocentricity (The body as a machine) • Programmes focusing on improving performance at all costs may neglect hauora. • Burnout due to the body being treated as a machine? • Scientism • Valuable knowledge is based on strict scientific measurement e.g. fitness testing Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

34. Suggestions - De Bono’s Green Hat Consider the most significant factors that determine the effectiveness of planning and the implementation of a programme: • Include creative ideas in your group task • Initiatives • New Ideas • Alternatives • Ways forward Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

35. Conclusion • Continuum Activity • Take a position • Justify your position • 1-2 Key points from the debate Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

36. Group work Mix n Mingle!! • Up to 4 people in a group. • Find others with the same number card. • Red cards = +ve view • Black cards = -ve view • Brainstorm the positives and negatives of a given factor • Consider both Biophysical and Socio-cultural aspects • Identify supporting knowledge and personal experience to back up your points • Plan an in-depth response – remember SEDEC Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

37. Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

38. Feedback on Part B Purpose from Group 8: • The value of choosing a 3km ocean swim for a PAP programme. Process from Group 5: • The effectiveness of allowing students to design their own training programmes for the 3km ocean swim. Product from Group 1: • The Effectiveness of the PAP programme for Tracey. Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

39. Feedback on Part C Suggestion from Group 2: • Effectiveness of the PAP programme’s purpose for students to achieve personal goals. Suggestion from Group 6: • The effectiveness of decisions to manage the logistical and environmental considerations required to implement the plan. Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

40. Feedback on Part D Conclusion from Group 3: • Effectiveness of the PAP programme for developing student ability to complete a 3km ocean swim. Conclusion from Group 4: • The value of goal-setting as part of the PAP programme. Conclusion from Group 7: • The evaluative processes included in the PAP plan. Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

41. References • Davis, D., Kimmet, T. et al. (2004). Senior Physical Education. An Integrated Approach. 2nd edition. • Wilmore, J. & Costill, D. (1994). Physiology of Sport and Exercise. • Wesson, K., Wiggins-James. et al. (2005). Sport and PE. A Complete Guide to Advanced Level Study. 3rd edition. • Gillespie, L. & McBain, S. (2009)Scholarship Physical Education Toolbox. Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011

42. Wrap up • Return all planning sheets to the front desk • Material will be posted to the wiki • http://peandhealth.wikispaces.com/Scholarship+Page • Don’t forget brianmac is a good source of articles (see your handout). • http://www.brianmac.co.uk/articles/scni35a10.htm#g Presented by Monique Van Groenewoud for Auckland PENZ Scholarship Workshop 2011