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EU – Turkey Customs Union

EU – Turkey Customs Union. “EU-TR Joint Consultative Committee " Brussels, 7 November 2013. EU – Turkey. Accession negotiations Oct 3, 2005. Customs Union Jan 1,1996. Candidate country Dec 11,1999. Customs Union.

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EU – Turkey Customs Union

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  1. EU – Turkey Customs Union “EU-TR Joint Consultative Committee " Brussels, 7 November 2013

  2. EU – Turkey Accession negotiations Oct 3, 2005 Customs Union Jan 1,1996 Candidate country Dec 11,1999

  3. Customs Union • Covers all industrial goods but does not address agriculture (except certain PAPs), and coal and most steel products; both are covered by bilateral concessions (FTA type) • Commits TR to align to the acquiscommunautaire in several essential internal market areas, notably customs legislation, common commercial policy, industrial standards, IPR, competition policy.

  4. Benefits of the Customs Union • Turkey has benefited from an “early” legislative alignment process before its accession negotiations started. • Turkey is participating to a large extent in the EU single market for goods. • Turkish producers gained competitive advantage in adopting (most) EU technical standards.

  5. Benefits of the Customs Union (cont'd) • Customs Union: driving force for tradeliberalisation and integration into global markets • Turkish companies are more and more integrated into the production network of the EU • Increased sophistication of Turkish exports

  6. Increased trade and investment relations • Since 1996, trade between the EU and Turkey has increased more than fourfold (from 22.6 bn € in 1995 to 105.3 bn € in 2012, for EU 15 only) • The EU has been an open and secure marketfor Turkish exporters • Despite increased trade, diminishing share of Turkey's exports to the EU (in 2012 below 40%). • However, to be emphasized that both the EU and Turkey are benefiting from the CU

  7. EU trade with Turkey Millions of euro Source: Eurostat

  8. EU's Trade With Main Partners (2012) Turkey is the EU’s 6th trade partner and ranks higher than some developed countries such as Canada (11) and Australia (15) Source: Eurostat

  9. EU imports from Turkey (2012)

  10. EU exports to Turkey (2012)

  11. Turkey's Trade With Main Partners (2012) The EU is Turkey's major trading partner. Source: IMF

  12. EU accession negotiations "Would you say that Turkey's accession negotiations with the EU have improved or deteriorated your perception of its attractiveness for FDI?" Source: Ernst & Young's 2013 Turkey attractiveness survey on 201 investors

  13. EU – Turkey investment relations • The EU represents around 75% of incoming FDI to Turkey (average 2008-2012) • Some 15,350 companies in Turkey with EU capital • 2007-2012, the EU directed 202 projects to Turkey, focusing mainly on sectors with a high technology component. But business services, transport and logistics have also drawn investor attention.

  14. EU-Turkey CUis a success storybut… Turkishcomplaints (e.g.): • FTAs issue – trade policy making • SPS controls on exports of Turkish agricultural products (fruits, vegetables, meat) • Road quotas Tradebarriers/irritantsfacedby EU operators (e.g.): • full and non-discriminatory implementation of the CU to the Republic of Cyprus • importand export licenses/restrictionsforcertaingoods • GMP certificates in pharma sector • Intensive use of safeguard measures

  15. Way forward • The EU-TR CU istoolimited in scope • Sinceseveralyears, the EU concludes - and will continue to conclude - deep and comprehensiveFTAswithmany important tradepartners • There have been attempts to extend the scope of the CU by the EU, but they have been unsuccessfulso far

  16. Way forward (cont'd) • The EU-TR CU scope could be extended to cover also other areas such as agriculture, services, investment, public procurement, including an operational Dispute Settlement Mechanism to tackle unresolved/future trade irritants and to ensure full implementation • Paradox: not doing that extension will leave the EU-TR CU behind the FTAs concluded by the EU.

  17. Way forward (cont'd) • WB made an assessment report of the CU and should present its final report with main findings and recommendations in Jan./Feb. 2014 • EU will study WB report and will thereafter consider together with Turkey which recommendations and policy options to take forward in the interest of both sides.

  18. Thank you for your attention

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