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Reproduction in Angiosperms

Reproduction in Angiosperms. Flowering Plants. Angiosperms are flowering plants Examples: grasses, roses, elm tree, oak tree, apple tree, pansies, etc. The part of the plant that carries out sexual reproduction is the: flower. stamen. pistil (carpel). filament. anther. stigma. ovary.

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Reproduction in Angiosperms

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  1. Reproduction in Angiosperms Flowering Plants

  2. Angiosperms are flowering plants • Examples: grasses, roses, elm tree, oak tree, apple tree, pansies, etc.

  3. The part of the plant that carries out sexual reproduction is the: flower

  4. stamen pistil (carpel) filament anther stigma ovary style petals sepals receptacle pedicel

  5. Structure and Function of the Flower • Pistil (carpel)– female reproductive organ of flower. Located in center of flower • Stigma – top of the pistil – enlarged area that receives pollen • Style – supports the stigma • Ovary – located at the base of the pistil. Contains ovules

  6. Structure and Function of the Flower 5. Stamen – male reproductive organs made of 2 parts 6. Filament – stalk like part of stamen 7. Anther – sac like structure at tip of filament. Pollen grains are produced within the anthers. Flowers may contain one or more anthers.

  7. Structure and Function of the Flower 8. Petal – can be white, green or brightly colored. Complete circle of petals is corolla. Surround reproductive organs 9. Sepal – Leaf like structures that form a ring around the base of the flower. Enclose and protect flower bud before it blossoms. Complete circle of sepal – calyx. Can be small & green or large & brightly colored

  8. Structure and Function of the Flower 10. Receptacle – large end of stalk to which other flower parts are attached 11. Pedicel – connection between flower and stem

  9. Structure and Function of the Flower The essential organs of the flower are: Stamens and pistil (carpel)

  10. Development of Gametophytes Gametophytes of a flowering plant are the: Pollen (male) Ovules (female) They are produced by: Meiosis

  11. Pollination • Pollination in angiosperms is the transfer of pollen from the anther to a stigma of a flower. • There are a number of different pollination methods:

  12. Pollination • Self-pollination – pollen grains fall onto stigma of the same plant. Anthers must be located above stigma

  13. Pollination • Cross-pollination – transfer of pollen from anthers of one plant to stigma of another. This can be done a number of different ways: Wind – pollen is adapted to be carried by wind so must be – light, loose, have features that will carry them on the wind

  14. Pollination • Cross-pollination • Water – pollen is adapted to be carried by water – water resistant, light buoyant • Animals – plants usually showy & scented to attract animals. Pollen attaches to body of animal & is transferred to other plant

  15. Pollination • Artificial pollination – humans transfer pollen from one plant to another. Used in plant breeding to produce plants with specific characteristics

  16. Reproduction in Angiosperms

  17. Fertilization in Angiosperms • When pollen grain lands on stigma it begins to grow pollen tube. • Nucleus within pollen grain divides and forms 2 sperm nuclei • Pollen tube contains tube nucleus and 2 sperm nuclei • Pollen tube grows into style and eventually reaches ovary and enters ovule

  18. Fertilization in Angiosperms • Inside embryo sac, two fertilizations occur • One sperm nuclei fuses with egg nucleus to produce diploid zygote – grows into plant embryo • Second sperm nucleus fuses with two polar nuclei to form triploid (3N) cell – food tissue known as endosperm.

  19. stigma embryo sac pollen tube endosperm (3n) zygote (2n) ovary ovule micropyle

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