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Responding to Emerging Diseases

Responding to Emerging Diseases. Marie Hauser Pandemic Preparedness Specialist 612-673-2147 marie.hauser@ci.minneapolis.mn.us. What was possible : pandemic planning assumptions in 2009. Worldwide impact, starting in Asia Weeks or months of warning Several waves lasting a year or more

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Responding to Emerging Diseases

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  1. Responding to Emerging Diseases Marie Hauser Pandemic Preparedness Specialist 612-673-2147 marie.hauser@ci.minneapolis.mn.us

  2. What was possible: pandemic planning assumptions in 2009 • Worldwide impact, starting in Asia • Weeks or months of warning • Several waves lasting a year or more • Emergency of human resources • 40% ill or caring for family • Limited supplies • Consider stockpiling

  3. What wasreality: H1N1 in 2010 • Little warning: Mexico to US quickly • Contagious but less deadly than feared • Children and young adults hit hardest • Vaccine slow to arrive • Public anxious, then unconcerned

  4. H1N1 in U.S. 2009-2010 • 60 million people diagnosed with flu • 275,000 hospitalized • 13,000 deaths • Half of deaths were pregnant women, the obese or those with other conditions • 124 million doses of vaccine used by 1/10 (Numbers are approximate)

  5. Did H1N1 change your business practices? • Did you: • Change “social distancing” practices? • Cancel events? • Increase hygiene emphasis? • Change human resource policies? • Anything else?

  6. Did H1N1 change your business practices? • Did you use your emergency plan? • Were the changes you made for H1N1 in your emergency plan beforehand? • Have you changed your emergency plan as a result of H1N1? • Should you review your plans as a result of H1N1 or another issue?

  7. Why expect emerging diseases? • Diseases evolve (ex. Influenza) • New diseases appear • Vector borne disease moves to new areas • Global travel spreads disease • Diseases become resistant to treatment (ex: MRSA or strep, MDR & XDR TB)

  8. Diseases Evolve • Influenza: • Comes from birds • Many variations • H1N1 • mild pandemic • New seasonal • H5N1 still a concern • 60 countries • 518 confirmed in humans • 60% death rate in humans • Not yet spread human to human

  9. New diseases appear: Lyme

  10. Mosquito borne diseases • Moving north into Texas, Florida • Dengue • Malaria • Here in Minnesota • Eastern Equine Encephalitis

  11. Global travel spreads disease • Haiti: cholera arrives with foreign relief workers • Nebraska: Haiti relief workers bring dengue back to U.S. • Minneapolis: traveler to Kenya returns with measles, 14 cases confirmed this week

  12. Planning • “All Hazard” approach • General protections for staff and clients: hygiene, training, supplies, design • Encourage safe practices: vaccination, hand washing, staying home when ill • Train critical positions 3 deep

  13. Resources • Guidance on Preparing Workplaces for an Influenza Pandemic: www.osha.gov • Minnesota Department of Health: www.health.state.mn.us • U.S. Pandemic Influenza Planning: www.pandemicflu.gov • Personal Preparedness:www.ready.gov • Infection Control: www.5thguy.com/sickathome.htm

  14. Planning for Extreme Weather Katie Muehe, MPH Minneapolis Department of Health and Family Support 612-673-3416 kathryn.muehe@ci.minneapolis.mn.us

  15. Emmanuelle Bournay, UNEP/GRID-Arendal , Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters

  16. Flooding • Minnesota has had 5 floods of record in the last 15 years • Flash floods • Densely populated and urban areas at risk • Flash floods are the top weather-related cause of death • 50% involve vehicles United States Geological Survey, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

  17. Severe Storms & Tornados • Tornados can occur any time between March and November • Minnesota yearly averages: • 27 tornados • 1-2 tornado-related deaths • 30-35 tornado-related injuries • Record-breaking 2010: • Most in one year: 104 • Most in one month: 71 in June • Most in one day: 48 on June 17 University of Minnesota Climatology Working Group

  18. Tornado Terminology • Atornado watchis issued when weather conditions favor the formation of tornadoes, for example, during a severe thunderstorm. • Atornado warningis issued when a tornado funnel is sighted or indicated by weather radar. You should take shelter immediately. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

  19. Extreme Heat • Stresses the body’s ability to maintain normal temperature • Direct health consequences • Heat cramps • Heat exhaustion • Heat stroke • Dehydration • Impact on existing health conditions Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

  20. Extreme Heat • Geographical risk • Midwest and Northeastern United States • Urban areas

  21. Extreme Heat • Variety of populations at increased risk: • Young children and adults over 65 • Individuals with heart disease, diabetes or on certain medications • Individuals with mobility constraints • Individuals without air-conditioning • Outdoor athletes and outdoor workers Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

  22. Discussion: Tornado In early evening after staff and clients go home, a tornado strikes near your organization. Staff begin to call one another to see if they should go to work the next day, but no one has any answers. Most come to work the next day but the building is severely damaged and not fit for occupancy. Some data can be saved, but it may take a few days to recover everything. • Where would you temporarily have your office? • How would you continue to provide services to your clients? • How would you communicate with staff and clients? • Would clients have increased needs?

  23. Discussion: Power Outage During the lunch hour the power goes out without explanation and does not come back the rest of the afternoon. • How can the employees be productive without computers? • Do employees have enough light to work? • Will this affect your services to clients? Can you communicate this to your clients?

  24. Discussion: Chemical Spill A truck on a nearby highway tipped over and spilled harmful gasses into the air. The rumor that there has been a spill reaches you. You turn on the radio and advises sheltering in place. • Where will you gather all the people? • What should you have with you?

  25. Extreme Weather Planning • Identify critical operations and be able to quickly prioritize resources • Plan what you will do if your facility is inaccessible or damaged • Have a communication plan for sharing information with staff and clients • Be aware of other emergencies that could happen at the same time or immediately after • Power outages, transportation, utility disruptions

  26. Resources National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) www.noaa.gov National Weather Service www.weather.gov U.S. Geological Survey www.usgs.gov Minnesota Climatology Working Group www.climate.umn.edu

  27. Emergency Planning Janet Mengelkoch Community Preparedness Specialist 612-673-3729 janet.mengelkoch@ci.minneapolis.mn.us

  28. Why should CBO’s plan? • Clients rely on services • Trusted resource • Needs increase in disaster • Provide critical services

  29. Plan Objectives • Ensure safety of staff & clients • Minimize damage • Protect vital records/assets • Be self-sufficient for 72 hours • Continue essential operations

  30. Why Test Plans? • Identify what works and what doesn’t • Clarify responsibilities • Provides information for plan updates

  31. Testing Plans • Table Top • Drill • Functional • Full-Scale

  32. Table Top • Key personnel • Informal group discussion • Hypothetical situation

  33. Drill • Tests a specific operation or function • Tests new procedures or equipment

  34. Functional Exercise • Evaluates multiple functions • Uses a simulated response

  35. Full-Scale Exercise • Involves multiple agencies • Uses a more realistic environment • Deploys actual resources

  36. Hot Wash • Evaluation following a drill, exercise or real incident • What went well? • What didn’t go well? • What can be improved?

  37. Lessons Learned • Information gathered from Hot Wash • Identifies improvements that need to be made • Pinpoints gaps • Informs plan updates

  38. Updating plans • Use lessons learned • Assign person to make improvements • Set a date by which improvements need to be made • Re-test and re-evaluate

  39. Wrap-Up “The only thing harder than planning for an emergency, is explaining why you didn’t.”

  40. Planning Template MDHFS website for CBOs: http://www.ci.minneapolis.mn.us/dhfs/cbo.asp

  41. Spring Into Planning Emergency Preparedness Workshop brought to you by Minneapolis Department of Health and Family Support 250 South 4th Street Minneapolis, MN 55415 612-673-2301 www.minneapolismn.gov/dhfs

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