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ENEZETA. presents. Cultural Studies. Now and then. The study of culture began with anxiety. The new preoccupation with the place and function of culture sprang from the changing conditions in society towards the end of the 19th century.
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ENEZETA presents
Cultural Studies • Now and then
The new preoccupation with the place and function of culture sprang from the changing conditions in society towards the end of the 19th century.
Two processes in particular were causing major cultural changes...
Industrialization and urbanization spawned a new social class and redrew the cultural map
The emergence of the “working class” and its ensuing concentration in urban areas was creating a new - and independent - culture.
This culture of the masses alarmed thinkers of the time because of its remarkable power, especially its political power...
Working class consciousness was emerging • The Great Chartist Meeting on Kennington Common, London in 1848.
Among those who reflected on the meaning of this new culture was Matthew Arnold - one of the seminal theoreticians of culture.
Matthew arnold • 1822-1888
Arnold defined culture as “the best that has been thought and said in the world.” He believed that culture was acquired through “cultivation” (or education) of the mind and the spirit. He was particularly preoccupied by how a culture of the masses could lead to anarchy and thus upset the status quo. He considered that culture was an instrument of control over the “raw and uncultured” masses His views on culture dominated for almost 100 years (1860s-1950s) The Culture and Civilization Tradition
PESSIMISTIC MUSEUM IT IS THE CULTURE OF THE THAT WAS MAINLY SUSTAINED BY The culture and civilization tradition READING AND REFLECTING ON LITERARY CLASSICS PHILOSOPHY, AND FINE ARTS. AS WELL AS BY A HIGH REGARD FOR THE SNOBBISH BUT IN ITS APPRECIATION OF HIGH CULTURE, IT WAS AND DISDAINFUL SUCH DISMISSIVE ATTITUDE WAS OF POPULAR CULTURE. PESSIMISTIC ELITIST. ALSO, ITS SEEN AS VIEW OF THE MASSES AS IN NEED OF GUIDANCE FROM THOSE IN POWER WAS PERCEIVED AS PATRONIZING.
In the late 1950s and early 1960s, scholars like Raymond Williams, Stuart Hall, and E.P. Thompson noted these contradictions and sought to steer away from them.
In so doing, not only did they counter these arguments with a more optimistic view of mass culture; but also moved the study of culture in new directions.
culturalism • Stuart Hall, E. P. Thompson and Raymond williams
textual forms and documented practices to reconstitute the patterned behavior and constellation of ideas These scholars analyzed shared by THE MEN AND WOMEN WHO PRODUCE AND CONSUME THE CULTURAL TEXTS AND PRACTICES OF THAT SOCIETY
The active production of culture rather than its passive consumption.
In sum, Cultural Studies viewed popular culture as a valid cultural form in its own right and as worthy of being an object of research.
It also viewed people as having an active role in the construction and use of their culture.
Nowadays, Cultural Studies takes a fresh look at popular cultural texts such as
From the king of england • Henry VIII
to the king of pop • Michael jackson
from the bard of avon • Romeo and Juliet
to the broadway musical • west side story
From the museum • Leonardo Da Vinci, the creation of Adam
To the urban landscape • Mural, Lower west Side, NY.
JOHN STOREY. AN INTRODUCTION TO CULTURAL THEORY AND POPULAR CULTURE. 2ND EDITION MUSIC: LIGHTLESS DAWN. KEVIN MACLEOD. http://incompetech.com References/Credits PICTURES: INDUSTRIALIZATION, cdaworldhistory.wikidot.com; URBANIZATION, www.fordham.edu; CHARTIST MEETING, WIKIPEDIA. ORG; E.P. THOMSON, HILOBROW.COM; HENRY VIII AND STUART HALL, www.bbc.co.uk; RAYMOND WILLIAMS, http://lunaagustin.wordpress.com, MICHAEL JACKSON, www.michaeljacksononline.info; WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE AND MATTHEW ARNOLD, www.poetryfoundation.org; WEST SIDE STORY, www.filmreference.com Presentation by Nahirana Zambrano Cultura y Sociedad_Inglés English Department School of Modern Languages University of Los Andes, Venezuela
