Iran and Turkey

1. Iran and Turkey Objective 1: Summarize the geography of these countries. Objective 2: Describe the political geography. Objective 3: Explain important historical events, particularly the Iranian Revolution. Objective 4: Current events

3. Physical Geography • Turkey – located on two continents (which ones?) • Bosporus strait (def)splits Turkey • Anatolian Plateau and Iranian Plateau • Both Iran and Turkey are ringed by mountains

4. Physical Geography

5. Climate

6. Temp. and Rainfall

7. Land Use and Energy • Qanatshelp to channel water into villages for irrigation. • Advantages? • Iran has 10% of the worlds natural gas • Oil is 85% of Iran’s income.

9. History • In Turkey – persecution of the Armenians from 1915-1918 (Armenian Genocide) • 600,000 – 1,500,000 Armenians killed • Collapse of Ottoman Empire after WW1 • Modernization under Mustafa Kemal Ataturk

11. History • Russia and the U.K. controlled Iran’s oil resources • Military coup -1920s leads to Pahlavi taking power. • Elected government overthrew Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, returned to power with U.S. help in 1953. • Shah became an oppressive ruler

12. Iranian Revolution and Hostage Crisis • Shah of Iran was US ally since 1950s • Corrupt • Brutal • Secret police- Savak- tortured and executed thousands • January 1979- Ayatollah RuhollahKohmeinireturns from exile in Paris- establishes government based strictly on the Qur’an • October 1979- Shah flees Iran • Goes to the United States for cancer treatment • November 4, 1979- Iranian students storm US embassy in Tehran- capturing 52 Americans for 444 days • Carter severed diplomatic relations and severed trade with Iran • Not released untilJanuary 20th 1981

13. Shah of Iran

14. Ayatollah Kohmeini

15. Iranian Revolution