1 / 38

组织胚胎学课件 七年制英文医学班专用

组织胚胎学课件 七年制英文医学班专用. 中国医科大学 基础医学院 组胚 — 英文教学组. Chapter 10 Immune system. 1. Components. 1) Cells. ① Lymphocyte : a. T-lymphocytes : cytotoxic T cell: Tc C- kill the tumor cell, virus infective cell and foreign cell helper T cell: Th C- promotes activity of BLC and Tc C

orinda
Download Presentation

组织胚胎学课件 七年制英文医学班专用

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. 组织胚胎学课件七年制英文医学班专用 中国医科大学 基础医学院 组胚—英文教学组

  2. Chapter 10 Immune system

  3. 1. Components 1) Cells

  4. ① Lymphocyte: a. T-lymphocytes: • cytotoxic T cell: Tc C- kill the tumor cell, virus infective cell and foreign cell • helper T cell: Th C- promotes activity of BLC and Tc C • suppressor T cell: Ts C –regulate the function of BLC and TC b. B-lymphocytes: become into plasma cell c. NK cell: counteract virus infective cell and tumor cell

  5. ②Plasma cell ③antigen presenting cell: a.dendritic cell: • Blood DC • Langerhans cell • interstitial cell • veiled cell • interdigitating cell b.macrophage: mononuclear phagocytic system

  6. ④other cells: • granulated cell • mast cell • blood platelet • blood-borne stem cell *Function: i.immunologic defence function ii.immune surveillance function iii.immune homeostasis

  7. 2) Lymphoid tissue ---reticular T: • reticular cell: stellate-shaped with processes to form network • reticular fiber ---lymphocytes, macrophage, plasma cell and mast cell

  8. a. Diffuse LT: • no clear boundary • mainly consists of TLC • postcapillary venules: -high endothelial venules -opening for LC enter LT from blood

  9. b. Lymphoid nodule: • spherical or ovoid • have clear boundaries • mainly composed of BLC • germinal center: stained pale * primary LN → secondary LN

  10. 3) Lymphoid organs a. Central lymphoid organs: thymus, bone marrow • developed earlier • blood-borne stem cell comes from yolk sac • microenvironment → proliferation promoting • send LC to PLD and LT two weeks before borne

  11. b. Peripheral lymphoid organs: lymph node, spleen and palatine tonsil • developed later • LC come from CLO • cell proliferation need antigen stimulating- antigen dependent • place for immune reactions

  12. 2.thymus • Structure of thymus ---capsule: CT→interlobular septum ---cortex: dark-staining ---medulla: lighter-staining ---consists of thymic epithelial cell, thymic stromal cell( ma, eo,mc, fibroblast and myoid cell) and thymocytes

  13. ①cortex: ---thymic epithelial cell(epithelial reticular cell): • subcapsular epithelial cell: /flattened /secret β 2-microglobulin, thymosin and thymopoietin • interdigitation dendritic cell: /more processes /MHC antigen ---thymocyte: different stages of LC • large LC( prethymocyte): superfacial cortex • common thymocyte: deep cortex- 85-90%

  14. 2) medulla: ---epithelial reticular cell • medullary epithelial cell: secret thymosin • thymic corpuscle epithelial cell * thymic corpuscle: /spherical or ovoid, 30-50um in D /concentrically-arranged epithelial reticular cells /peripheral cell: inmature /near centra: mature /center cell: keratinased-eosinophilic, hyalinised, with invading of macrophage, eosinophil and LC /function: unknown ---thymocyte, macrophage

  15. 3) Blood-thymus barrier: ---Components • Contineous endothelial cell • Complete basement membrane of endothelium • peri-vessel space containing macrophage • basal lamina of epithelial reticular cell • Processes of epithelial reticular cell ---Function: provide a stable environment for lymphocytes development

  16. 4) function: a. Place for mature and differentiation of TLC b. Immune regulation

  17. 3. Lymph node ---widely distributed ---in groups ---ovoid or kidney-shaped with hilum ---afferent and efferent lymphatic vessel

  18. 1) Structure ---capsule: CT, trabeculae or septa ---cortex: outer densely-stained part ---medulla: inner paler-stained part

  19. ①Cortex: a. superfacial cortex: ---lymphoid N: • BLC, Macrophage, FDC, Th • primary LN → secondary LN *germinal center: central pale area /dark zone: large, immature BLC, Th /light zone: medium-sized BLC, Th C, macrophage, FDC /cap: small BLC: mature←supermutation ---diffuse LT: thin layer

  20. FDC: (follicular dendritic cell) • light zone • no expression of MHC-II molecules (major histocompatibility complexes) • have Fc receptor and C3 receptor: collect the antigen-antibody complexes and transfer them to BLC and Th C • function: i. active the BLC ii. regulate the synthesis of antibody

  21. b.Paracortex zone-deep cortex unit ---diffuse LT: • TLC, Marcophage, Th cell • interdigitating cell: DC cell -more processes -N: irregular -less organelle -express MHC-II • postcapillary venules: -thick endothelial cell -LC within the wall -opening for LC enter LN

  22. c. Cortical sinus ---subcapsular sinus: afferent LV enter ---peritrabecular sinus ---structure: • endothelium • RF and RC • cavity: -endothelial cell: stellate for support -macrophage: filter lymph -veiled cell: Langerhans cell ( phagocytose antigen) → efferent LV → LN → paracortex zone

  23. ②Medulla ---medullary cord: LT cord: /BLC, plasma cell, macrophage, mast cell /postcapillary venules: channel ---medullary sinus: /similar to cortical sinus and connect with C S /more macrophage

  24. ③Passage of Lymph in LN afferent LV →subcapsular sinuses→peritrabecular sinuses→(narrow channel) →medullary sinus→efferent LV

  25. 3) Functions: a.Filter the lymph b.Place to give rise to the immune response c. Involve in the recirculation of LC *Recirculation of LC: • LC(blood) →(postcapillary venules) → LN → medulla → efferent LV → Blood →LN artery → postcapillary venules →LN • Time: 24-48h

  26. 4. Spleen 1) Structure ---capsule: thick DCT with SM and mesothelium, also form trabeculae ---white pulp ---marginal zone ---red pulp

  27. ① White pulp: • 1-2mm gray-white spots • periarterial lymphatic sheath: -central artery -diffuse LT : TLC, macrophage, interdigitating cell • splenic corpuscle: -BLC, macrophage, FDC -lymphoid nodules

  28. ② Marginal zone: • 100um width • TLC, BLC, macrophage, less erythrocyte • marginal sinus: central artery’s branch- channel for antigen and LC enter LT • place: capture recognize and induce immune reaction

  29. ③ Red pulp: constitute about 2/3 of splenic volume a. splenic cord: • LT cord • BLC, DC. M, TC , erythrocytes • place: filter blood b. splenic sinus: • Blood sinus; 12-14um • endothelial cell: rod-liked, gap • RT • basal lamina: incomplete • M-more

  30. 2) Blood supply of spleen splenic A→trabecular A→central A branches → marginal sinuses penicillar Arterioles(including: pulp arteriole→ sheathed capillary→ arterial capillary) → splenic sinus→ pulp venule→ trabecular vein→ splenic vein

  31. 3) Function: a. filter the blood b. immune reaction c. production of blood in fetus d. blood storage: 40 ml

  32. 5. tonsil ---palatine tonsil ---pharyngeal tonsil ---lingual tonsil

  33. palatine: ---structure: • Stratified squamous epi: invaginated to form many crypts • Epithelium of crypt contain LC, PC, Ma and Langerhans cell • Space and channel between epi.cell: opening to crypt epi. surface, LC filling the channel- lymphoepithelial tissue • Lamina propria: Diffuse LT and LN

More Related