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PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY CHLOROPHYTA:GREEN ALGAE

PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY CHLOROPHYTA:GREEN ALGAE. MARINE BOTANY FALL 2009. CHARACTERISTICS. Photosynthetic pigments are chlorophylls a and b. Chloroplasts have double-membranes. Thylakoids are stacked in groups of 2-6. Starch is the food reserve. Flagella are smooth. DIVISION CHLOROPHYTA.

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PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITY CHLOROPHYTA:GREEN ALGAE

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  1. PHYTOPLANKTON DIVERSITYCHLOROPHYTA:GREEN ALGAE MARINE BOTANY FALL 2009

  2. CHARACTERISTICS • Photosynthetic pigments are chlorophylls a and b. • Chloroplasts have double-membranes. • Thylakoids are stacked in groups of 2-6. • Starch is the food reserve. • Flagella are smooth.

  3. DIVISION CHLOROPHYTA Charophyceae Prasinophyceae Ulvophyceae Chlorophyceae phytoplankton benthic Charales Zygnematales (benthic) All are phytoplankton All are benthic planktonic benthic

  4. Prasinophytes • Unicellular flagellates • Advanced members have scales • Micromonas –very small, marine flagellate, single flagellum, primitive with no scales. Reference: Biology of Algae by Sze

  5. Prasinophytes • Pyramimonas – advanced, ovoid cell covered with many layers of scales. Four flagella. Reference: Biology of Algae by Sze

  6. Chlorophyceae • Volvocaleans and Chlorococcaleans • Volvocaleans-flagellated cells in the colony. • Coenobium= a colony in which the number of cells is fixed during initial formation. biflagellate cells-periphery Gonidia- large cells with no flagella (capable of asexual reproduction). Photo: Dr. Mitra’s Research group

  7. Chlorophyceae:Chlorococcaleans • Solitary/loosely aggregated • Non-flagellated • Cells with increased surface area • Reproduce by aplanospores (non-flagellated spores). Chlorella Picture by Dr. Mitra’s Research Group Pediastrum Reference: Bold, 1947

  8. Charophyceae: Zygnematales • Desmids-freshwater/brackish water. Presence of semi-cells (each cell is divided into two cells by a deep constriction). Staurastrum Cosmarium Reference: Biology of Algae by Sze

  9. ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE • Dunaliella – good source of beta-carotene---used for food coloring. • Chlorella – “health food”—protein supplement and is commercially grown in Asia.

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