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ISUAL Sprite Imager Interface and Status Review

ISUAL Sprite Imager Interface and Status Review. Stewart Harris. Outline. Imager Overview Interface Details Design and Fabrication Status. Imager Objectives. Provide high temporal and spatial resolution imaging of Sprites and other emissions related to lightning storms

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ISUAL Sprite Imager Interface and Status Review

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  1. ISUALSprite Imager Interface and Status Review Stewart Harris

  2. Outline • Imager Overview • Interface Details • Design and Fabrication Status NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  3. Imager Objectives • Provide high temporal and spatial resolution imaging of Sprites and other emissions related to lightning storms • Provide imaging of aurora and airglow NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  4. Imager Optical Path NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  5. Optical Specifications • Filters • 1: 660 - 900 nm • notch at 756 - 790 • 2: 762 nm • 3: 427.8 nm • 4: 630 nm • 5: 557.7 nm • 6: 400 - 900 nm • IR/thermal block NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  6. Optical Specifications, con’t. • Lens • Focal length: 61.8 mm • Field of View: ±10º (h) (20º full angle) • Focal ratio: f/1.56 • Image size: 21.4 mm horizontal • Spectral band: 420 - 780 nm • Spot Diameter: on-axis: 16 m(80% encircled energy) 7º: 22 m 10º: 30 m(Note: Input pixel size: 41.8 m) NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  7. Detector specifications • Image Intensifier • Type: 25 mm Gen II • Manufacturer: DEP • Photocathode: Super S25, 6 mm quartz window • MCP: Single, 100 ns gating • Phosphor: P46, fiber optic window 2 µs decay time constant • Fiber Optic Taper • Input diameter 25.0 mm • Output diameter 14.4 mm • Ratio 1.74 : 1 NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  8. Detector specifications, con’t. • CCD • Type: 1024 x 1024, frame transfer • Manufacturer: Dalsa, IA-D4 • Antiblooming: Vertical anti-blooming (VAB) • Primary mode: 512 x128 (binned 2x2 and masked) • Pixel size (unbinned): 12 µm x 12 µm • Pixel size (binned): 24 µm x 24 µm • # of Outputs: 2 • Pixel readout rate: 8 MHz NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  9. CCD Block Diagram IA-D4 Image Sensor Image Area Output Storage Area NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  10. CCD Active Area Masking • Imaging Earth Limb • Narrow, 4:1 Aspect Ratio • CCD Active Area • Mask applied to f/o taper • Size: 1024 x 256 (unbinned) • Size: 512 x 128 (binned) • FOV: 20° x 5º Top view of Dalsa CCD with f/o window NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  11. Imager Mechanical Layout NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  12. Imager Connector Locator J3MCP High Voltage J4Phosphor High Voltage J1Imager Electrical Board J2Front End Electronics NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  13. Imager Electrical Board Functions • Active Electronics • Photocathode Power Supply • On/off control • Gate control from FEC • DayLight Sensor Buffer • Analog output (left and right) • Filter Wheel Motor Driver • Stepper motor (2 phases) • Position indicators (2 bits) • Connections • Thermistors • TEC hot side • Lens (front and rear) • Filter Wheel • Filter Motor • Daylight Sensor • Survival (spacecraft) • Heater Circuits • Lens (front and rear) • Filter Wheel • Survival (spacecraft) • Thermoelectric Cooler (TEC) • Power controlled from AEP • Stim Source NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  14. J1 - Imager Electrical Interface Reference Designator: J1Location: Imager Electrical Board Interface Connector Type: SDD44F4000GMating Connector: SDD44M1000G SDD44F4 -- Face View NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  15. Image Intensifier Interface Image Intensifier - 25 mm J3 - 9 pin J4 - 9 pin MCP-Out-1kVHV Supply Phosphor (Anode -6kV) HV Supply MCP-In GND Photocathode Power Supply GATE FEC Connector Imager Electrical Board J1 - 44 pin NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  16. J3 - MCP HVPS Interface Reference Designator: J3Location: Imager, MCP (stbd) HVPS Connector Type: SND9F5000GMating Connector: SND9M1000G SND9F5 -- Face View NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  17. J4 - Phosphor HVPS Interface Reference Designator: J4Location: Imager, Phosphor (port) HVPS Connector Type: SND9F5000GMating Connector: SND9M1000G SND9F5 -- Face View NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  18. Front End Electronics Block Diagram Correlated Double Sample A/D Converters Clock Drivers: Analog SPDT Switches R/C waveform shaping Digital I/O Timing Generator Based on FPGA CCD Preamps Develops Bias & Clock Voltages Linear Regulators Voltage Monitor J2 NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  19. Front End Electronics Interface Images are transferred to the AEP in data frames,each frame is 128 lines x 512 pixels • Data[0..11] • 12 bits per pixel • PixelClock (PIXCLK) • pixel data strobe • FrameValid (FRMV) • indicates duration of frame • LineValid (LINV) • indicates duration of line • used only during test • Busy (BUSY) • signals start of EXP • Acquire (ACQ) • signals start of exposure in Aurora mode • signals Event in Sprite mode • CommandData (CDI) • serial data interface for upload of camera parameters • VoltageMonitor (MON) • switched analog output • Power • dc voltages NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  20. J2 - FEC Electronics Interface Reference Designator: J2Location: Imager, rear panel FEC Connector Type: SDD62F4000GMating Connector: SDD62M1000G NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  21. Data Transfer Timing Line Timing Tframe = 9.6 ms Tline = 75 s Pixel Timing Tpixel = 125 ns N > 512 NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  22. 509 511 510 1 3 512 4 2 1021 513 1023 516 514 515 1024 1022 64513 65021 65023 65024 65022 64516 64514 64515 65027 65025 65533 65535 65534 65028 65026 65536 Image Readout Order CCD array is illustrated showing the order in which pixels are transferred from Imager to AEP Line 1 2 127 128 1. Each cell represents one pixel 2. Since the CCD is read from two outputs, the image is split in the middle NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  23. Aurora Mode Imaging N - 1 N - 1 N - 1 Read out image Shift image entire vertical register Take exposure The time to shift and readout one image: ~15 ms Exposure duration can be as long as ~ 1 second NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  24. Frame Timing - Aurora Mode Notes: 1. Images are taken while ACQ held high. 2. Exposure duration specified by parameter EXP 1 ms  TExp  1 sec 3. Frame repetition period specified by parameter REPRATE (TExp + TFrame +TVshift)  TReprate  5 sec 4. Frame readout period is fixed, TFrame = 9.6 ms 5. Vertical shift duration is fixed, TVshift ~ 5 ms (Aurora Mode) * EXP and VSHIFT are only indicating the relative timing of the exposure period and CCD vertical shift period NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  25. Sprite Continuous Mode Clocking N N + 1 N + 2 N - 1 N + 1 N + 1 Image Area N N N - 2 N - 1 N - 1 N N N - 3 N - 1 N - 1 N - 2 N - 2 N - 3 N - 2 Storage Area N - 2 N - 3 N - 4 N - 3 N - 4 N - 5 N - 4 N - 3 Expose New Image AND Shift & Read image from Storage Area Shift Image & Storage Areas Transferanother image into Storage Area Repeat Cycle Note: Storage area is shifted twice as often Tframe NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  26. Frame Timing - Sprite Continuous Notes: 1. Imaging begins when FSW sets mode to Sprite Continuous 2. ACQ signals the Sprite Event occurrence 3. Exposure duration specified by parameter EXP 1 ms  TExp  100 ms 4. Frame repetition period specified by parameter REPRATE ( max(TExp , TFrame) + TVshift)  TReprate  100 ms 5. Frame readout period is fixed, TFrame = 9.6 ms 6. Vertical shift duration is fixed, TVshift = 1.3 ms (Continuous Mode) 7. No attempt is made to synchronize EXP with GDelay NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  27. Sprite Burst Mode Clocking N - 1 N + 2 N + 1 N + 3 N N N + 1 N + 2 N - 1 N - 1 N N + 1 Acquisition Phase N - 1 N N - 1 Tframe N • Tframe Begin acquisition of N images at leading edge of Event Trigger Readout Phase N + 3 N + 2 N + 3 N + 3 N + 1 N + 2 N + 2 N + 3 N N + 1 N + 3 N - 1 N + 1 N + 2 N N - 1 N + 1 N + 2 N + 3 N Treadout Image readout time ~ (N+1) • Treadout NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  28. Frame Timing - Sprite Burst Mode Notes: 1. Continuous fast exposures begin when FSW sets mode to Sprite Burst 2. When ACQ occurs, NPost exposures are taken, then 8 images are readout 3. Exposure duration specified by parameter EXP 1 ms  TExp  100 ms 4. Frame repetition period specified by parameter REPRATE (TExp+ TVshift)  Treprate  10 ms 5. Frame readout period is fixed, TFrame = 9.6 ms 6. Vertical shift duration is fixed, TVshift < 750 s (Burst Mode) NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  29. Principal Camera Parameters • Gated operation enable • Photocathode gate open/close • Set Mode (Aurora, Sprite Continuous, Sprite Burst) • Set number of Post Trigger Images, NPOST • Only used in Burst Mode (TBD) • Set Exposure (EXP) duration • Set repetition (REPRATE) period • Set photocathode Gate Delay (GDELAY) • Note: • Dark image acquire accomplished by disabling gated operation,force gate closed, set mode and acquire dark image. NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  30. Camera Parameters (Complete List) NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  31. Imager Design Status • Breadboard fabrication and testing complete • Detailed design in progress • FEC Electronics Design • Schematics: 6 of 7 completed • PCB Layout: 5 of 7 completed • Imager Electrical Board Design • In progress • Imager Mechanical Design • In progress NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  32. FEC Breadboard A breadboard version of the FEC electronics was built to test the design of clock drivers, preamps, correlated double sample (CDS) circuitry and 12-bit A/D conversion. NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  33. Breadboard Camera Measurements • Measured system gain • 29 e-/ADU • Measured readout noise • < 50 e- rms • CCD full well • ~ 120,000 e- • Dynamic range • > 2400:1 • Operating Parameters • Master clock: 22.5MHz • Pixel clock: 7.5 MHz • Line clock: 340 kHz NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  34. Breadboard Camera Image NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  35. Imager Fabrication Status • Assembly of ETU Imager to start 15 May • All PC boards need to be etched by this date • FEC Board etch has already started • All Mechanical parts to be fabricated by this date • Electrical / Electronic (EE) Parts status • see next page • Optics Parts status • see next page NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  36. EE Parts and Optics Status NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  37. The End NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

  38. PCB Assembly Drawing FEC Analog Processor PC Board: Assembly Dwg. 8747-A4A Return NCKU UCB Tohoku Sprite Imager S. Harris

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