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Background to World War Two

Background to World War Two. Why do new political parties emerge in the 1930s?. Political democracies were new to many post WW1 European nations – voters had difficulty judging the new politicians

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Background to World War Two

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  1. Background to World War Two Why do new political parties emerge in the 1930s?

  2. Political democracies were new to many post WW1 European nations – voters had difficulty judging the new politicians Great Depression caused social, economic, political problems – People were ready to follow any leader that promised to make things better! Political Spectrum (of sorts!) Rise of Extremism Left Communism Right Fascism NAZI Germany Italy USSR State Individual Canada, Britain, France, US Centre Democracy

  3. Black Tuesday 1929- stock market crashes Treaty of Versailles Great Depressionduring 1930s Totalitarianism Government establishes TOTAL control of all aspects of the state (political, military, economy, social, cultural). Total Controlof State by aDictator Increasing influence of new political parties that emphasize state control-For example: Communism, Nazism, Fascism

  4. Fascism Communism Country CAN be ruled by a dictator Leaders are elected from communist party Controls through same three ways There is NO private ownership Government owns businesses Ex: media, banks, transport Religion not usually tolerated. • Country ruled by a dictator who has total power • Total obedience is demanded • Control population through: • Terror • Propaganda • Hate (Scapegoats) • There IS private ownership • People can own businesses • Owners are allowed to keep profits RELIGION (one approved of by Leader) may be allowed

  5. Nazism Communism Fascism *These theories, specifically Communism and Fascism, are completely different theories that are bitterly opposed; however they exhibit the same behaviour Totalitarianism

  6. Background to World War Two Dictators of the 1920s, 30s, and 40s

  7. MUSSOLINI Benito Mussolini the leader (Il Duce) of Italy from 1922 to 1943. Ran a fascist military dictatorship. Promised to make Italy independent, increase economic progress Followers called Blackshirts

  8. Stalin Joseph Stalin, the leader of the Soviet Union from 1922-1953. Came to power after Lenin died Led a Communist Dictatorship Killed those against him- sent them to prison camps in Siberia, executed people in secret Murdered 20 million people while in power

  9. Hirohito • Emperor Hirohito, the leader of Japan from 1926-1989. • Seen as divine, “son of heaven” • Dreamt of a vast Pacific empire for Japan

  10. Franco • Francisco Franco, the leader of Spain from 1939 - 1975 • Wanted to remove communism which started the Spanish Civil War • Fascist dictator • took over with the help of Mussolini and Hitler

  11. Hitler Adolf Hitler the leader (Fuhrer) or dictator of Germany from 1933 to 1945. Fought in WWI, wanted revenge on traitors who agreed to Treaty of Versailles After war, joined Nazi party

  12. Glad to see a strong man in charge Didn’t realize his intentions even though they were documented in Mein Kampf Inspiring leader Brilliant and hypnotizing speaker Inspiring Nazi rallies: songs, parades People felt they were part of a new movement Propaganda offered a source of all problems – the Jews Made being a Nazi exciting – uniforms, songs, symbols Why Germans Supported Hitler

  13. 1933 -Hitler becomes the “Fuhrer” His policies – What he did! • “Lebensraum” (living room) • to take over all German-speaking countries annexed by the Treaty of Versaille (Austria, Poland, Czechoslovakia) • Secret police – Gestapo • Search-out, seize, torture and terrorize all opposition • Propaganda • gave people targets to blame for all problems: The Treaty of Versailles, Jews and communists. Preached “racial purity” - Germans were a ‘master race’ • Jobs - Got Germans back to work • poured money into construction and factories: new roads, weapons (forbidden by T of Versailles.) men flocked to the army

  14. Who Would You Vote For? Contestant #1 I am a womanizer, have self-interested policies and unfortunately suffer from ailing health. Contestant #2I have a drinking habit and a defiant tongue or attitude Contestant #3I am a decorated war hero, do not drink and want to create a stable economy

  15. Who Did You Vote For? Contestant #3 Contestant #2 Contestant #1

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