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GOSPEL OF LUKE

GOSPEL OF LUKE. GOSPEL OF LUKE: Gospel of Luke actually a two-part series of the life of Jesus ( Luke ) & the life of the early church ( Acts ). Written by Luke, a physician, @ 80-85 CE for a Gentile (non-Jewish) audience.

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GOSPEL OF LUKE

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  1. GOSPEL OF LUKE

  2. GOSPEL OF LUKE: • Gospel of Luke actually a two-part series of the life of Jesus (Luke) & the life of the early church (Acts). • Written by Luke, a physician, @ 80-85 CE for a Gentile (non-Jewish) audience. • Written from an educated position – the Greek is some of the most sophisticated in the NT. • Like Matthew, also uses Mark as a primary resource, but edits it more extensively. Also uses “Q”.

  3. GOSPEL OF LUKE: • Luke promotes concern for oppressed people – the poor, the socially outcast, & women – & Jesus’ concern for them. Comes down hard on the rich & those in power. • The fellowship of believers is important to Luke – lots of gathering “around the table” • Unlike Mark, disciples are clear about who Jesus is & what he’s doing • Emphasizes the divinity of Christ more, whereas Mark emphasizes his humanity.

  4. STRUCTURE OF LUKE: 1: 1-4 – PROLOGUE 1:5-2:52 – INFANCY & YOUTH NARRATIVE 3:1-4:13 – PREP. FOR PUBLIC MINISTRY 4:14-9:50 – MINISTRY IN GALILEE 9:51-19:27 – JOURNEY TO JERUSALEM 19:28-21:38 – MINISTRY IN JERUSALEM 22:1-24:53 – PASSION & RESURRECTION

  5. VIDEO FROM JESUS TO CHRIST: GOSPEL OF LUKE https://youtu.be/B3StBJJ09YI 29:43 mark

  6. LUKAN THEMES JESUS’ AFFINITY FOR THE OPPRESSED • Closely linked with Jesus’ concern for women is his affinity for powerless & vulnerable of society • Jesus openly accepts outcasts, even as his disciples (tax collectors) & dines frequently with them. • This led Jesus to be accused of being “a glutton & drinker”

  7. LUKAN THEMES THE HOLY SPIRIT • Definition: God’s spirit active in the world • Growth of Jesus’ mission & the early church (in Acts) seen by Luke as direct result of Holy Spirit in action. • In Acts, Holy Spirit descends upon gathering in Jesus’ absence & gives them the ability to spread the gospel around the world.

  8. LUKAN THEMES PROMINIENCE OF WOMEN • Women play an important role in Jesus’ work & fulfilling divine plan • Angel appears to Mary mother of Jesus announcing Jesus’ future birth • Mary Magdalene & Mary sister of Martha serve as disciples • Women follow him to Jerusalem with the men.

  9. LUKAN THEMES JESUS AS SAVIOR • Since his Gentile audience is not interested in concept of Jewish messiah, he refers to Jesus as “Savior.” • Term used throughout Greco-Roman world • Goes further than Matthew & Mark’s “Son of God”

  10. LUKE’S INFANCY NARRATIVE Nativity Scene exercise LUKE • Zechariah & Elizabeth • Angel visits Mary • No Herod • Census • Shepherds see baby J • No wise men MATTHEW • No Zechariah & Eliz. • Angel visits Joseph • Herod out to get baby J • No census mentioned • No shepherds • Wise men see baby J

  11. LUKE’S INFANCY NARRATIVE Only gospel to include anything about Jesus’ boyhood life Jesus @ 12 yrs. old; his family come to temple in Jerusalem at Passover His parents lose him & (after 3 days!!) find him impressing the temple scribes w/his knowledge of faith 2:52 – “Jesus increased in wisdom & in years....” Only info we have about Jesus’ teenage years.

  12. MINISTRY & PASSION/ RESURRECTION

  13. Rest of Gospel of Luke reinforces author’s concerns: Jesus tending to needs of the poor Jesus’ ministry centered around Jerusalem Focus on fellowship of believers

  14. SERMON ON THE PLAIN (6:17-49)‏ Compare w/ Matthew’ Sermon on the Mount: • Luke is shorter, simpler, more direct. • Matthew focuses on spiritual blessings (“poor in spirit”); Luke deals w/more material matters (poor, hungry, etc.)‏ • “Anti-beatitudes” (vss. 24-26), directed at those who ignore physical needs of those in need.

  15. TWO NOTABLE HEALINGS (8:40-56)‏ Two healings woven together: • Jairus’ daughter • Jairus was a synagogue leader – Luke shows Jesus’ compassion for all people • The Hemorrhaging woman • This miracle story “interrupts” miracle story • Woman is healed by touching Jesus’ cloak • Jesus knows something has happened but not who (???)‏ Both miracle stories show spectrum of Jesus’ compassion – both rich & poor together.

  16. PARABLE OF GOOD SAMARITAN (10:25-37)‏ • One of Jesus’ most well-known parables • Answers lawyer’s question: “Who is my neighbor?” • Abducted man assumed to be a Jew. Those who pass him by (priest & Levite) are ones assumed would stop to help him. • Samaritan – person from Samaria, the former Northern kingdom that broke off from southern kingdom after reign of King Solomon. Samaritans & Jews didn’t get along.

  17. PARABLE OF GOOD SAMARITAN (10:25-37)‏ • This made priest’s & Levite’s actions inexcusable & Samaritan’s actions most unexpected – he’d be last person you’d think would help a Jew. • Point of the parable – everyone is our neighbor & deserving of our kindness & help, especially those who we think aren’t deserving of it. • Fits perfectly into Luke’s understanding of Jesus & his mission on earth.

  18. PARABLES ABOUT WEALTH & POVERTY Luke’s dim view of life spent acquiring wealth PARABLE OF THE RICH FOOL (12: 13-21)‏ • Jesus speaks directly to crowd about not worrying about having possessions – God will provide (12:22-31). PARABLE OF THE PERFECT BANQUET (14: 1-24)‏ • Luke’s vision of “perfect banquet.” Look who’s invited! Reinforces two Lukan themes – Jesus’ association with outcasts & fellowship around the table.

  19. PARABLES ABOUT WEALTH & POVERTY Luke’s dim view of life spent acquiring wealth PARABLE OF LAZARUS & RICH MAN (16: 19-31)‏ Inverted relationship – poor man is exalted & rich man is humbled Five brothers – who are they??

  20. PARABLE OF PRODIGAL SON (15:11-32)‏ • Three characters: younger son (prodigal), older son, father. • Younger son violates major Jewish standard in squandering inheritance. Also would’ve been looked down on by Luke’s audience, the wealthy. • Father welcomes Prodigal home….. BUT – this is not the end! There’s the older brother…

  21. PARABLE OF PRODIGAL SON (15:11-32)‏ • Presence of older brother is key to understanding the parable – why? • Big question: did the older son come to the party or not? What do you think? • Parable could more accurately be called “Story of the Forgiving Father.” Father (God) loves both the younger & older brothers – those who “deserve” it and those who may not. • God’s love is for everyone.

  22. LUKE’S PASSION (CHPTS. 22-23)‏ • Throughout passion, Luke pictures Jesus as doing nothing illegal – a theme to be continued by early Christians in sequel, Acts. • 23:34 – Only in Luke does Jesus pray for his executioners. • Rather than Mark describing Jesus’ death as sacrifice for human sin, Luke focuses on it as the ultimate example of compassion & forgiveness – Jesus as THE servant.

  23. POST-RESURRECTION: ROAD TO EMMAUS (24: 13-35)‏ Jesus appears to two people – Cleopas & an unnamed person – after his death. Why don’t they recognize him at first? When do they finally recognize him?? • A powerful message to early Christians – Jesus lives & has interacted with people like them, & continues to guide them. • Note when they recognize it is Jesus – after the breaking of the bread. Luke’s theme of fellowship around the table.

  24. SUMMARY OF LUKE • God’s compassion & forgiveness for all • Written for a Gentile (non-Jewish) audience • Jesus’ overarching concern for the poor & outcast • Fellowship of believers gathered together around the table • These themes and others would continue in Luke’s sequel, Acts

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