Learning to Swim Grammar Notes

1. Learning to Swim Grammar Notes Created by Rachael Ramsey, 2012

2. What are the steps? If you follow the steps I will provide you, finding direct, indirect objects, and subject complements will be MUCH easier! Be an active student to help you be successful in the grammar lesson this week!

3. Steps for Success Step 1:  Find the verb Step 2: Label AV or LV Step 3: Ask the question

4. Step 1: Find the verb or verb phrase Remember that a verb can be an action verb or a linking verb.

5.  Is it an action verb? This means it's a verb you can "do". Write down some examples of action verbs. Is it a linking verb? This means it is a verb that "connects" or "links" the two parts of the sentence.  Remember when we discussed linking verbs?  Our hint was to ask yourself if you could replace the verb with "is" or "are then the verb was a linking verb. WARNING!  Be careful of the sneaky verbs that can be linking or action verbs":   smell, feel,taste, look Step 2:  Label the verb  LV or AV

6. If you labeled AV- look for a Direct Object (DO).Step 3: Ask the question   If you have an action verb, the first thing you try to find is the Direct Object (DO). A Direct Object is the WHO or WHAT  receiving the action. Ask yourself:  Subject + Verb+ what?

7. Step 3: Let's Practice Together     Ex.  Chris told a secret.       Step 1: Identify the verb-  it's "told" and that is something you can do, so it's an AV.         Chris told (AV) a secret.      Step 2: Look for a direct object.  Ask yourself:  Subject + Verb+ what?         Chris (Subj) told (AV) what?  secret   secret is the direct object.          Chris told (AV) a secret (DO).

8. Now You Take a Turn! 1. Tigger gave Piglet an umbrella. 2. Hines Ward caught a football. 3. Lee kicked her legs. 4.  Mother taught me knitting. 5.  Mrs. Mueller wrapped a present.

9. Here's some more "DO" practice: 1. Kanga ate a hamburger. 2. Eeyore took Tigger's book. 3. Sally lost her stuffed animal. 4. The boy sang a song.

10. 1. Kanga ate a hamburger. 2. Eeyore took Tigger's book. 3. Sally lost her stuffed animal. 4. The boy sang a song. 1. ate-av  DO- hamburger 2. took-av  DO- book 3. lost-av  DO-animal 4. sang-av  DO-song And the answers are...

11. Our first "curveball"- the Indirect Object (IO) Indirect Objects are to whom or to what the action be being done to.  This sounds a little confusing at first, so let's take a look at an example again.

12. Chris told Matt a secret. Step 1: Find the verb         Chris told Matt a secret. Step 2: Label AV or LV         Chris told(AV) Matt a secret. Step 3: Ask the question. (Subject + Verb+ What?)         The question:  Chris told what?  secret         Chris told(AV) Matt a secret(DO). Step 4: Ask ANOTHER question IF you have a DO! Ask Yourself:  (Subject + Verb + DO + to whom?)         The question:  Chris told secret TO WHOM?  Matt         Chris told(AV)Matt a secret(DO).

13. Now You Take a Turn! 1. Tigger gave Piglet an umbrella. 2. Mr. Chapman gave his students diving lessons after class. 3. Kanga taught me the breaststroke. 4. Winnie offered Caterpillar a snack. 5. Roo handed Tigger a towel. 6. Coach Heffalump offered Rabbit a second chance to improve his time.

14. 1. Tigger gave Piglet an umbrella. 2. Mr. Chapman gave his students diving lessons after class. 3. Kanga taught me the breaststroke. 4. Winnie offered Caterpillar a snack. 5. Roo handed Tigger a towel. 6. Coach Heffalump offered Rabbit a second chance to improve his time. 1. gave-av  DO-umbrella IO- Piglet 2. gave-av  DO-lessons IO- students 3. taught- av  DO- breaststroke IO- me 4. offered-av  DO- snack  IO- Caterpillar 5. handed- av DO- towel IO- Tigger 6. offered-av DO- chance IO- Rabbit And the answers are...

15. Here's some more "IO" practice: 1. A pelican fed its babies fish. 2. Mom and I watched the large seabirds with amusement. 3. The diving pelican catches fish in its mouth. 4. Seagulls watch us hungrily from the beach. 5. We spread a picnic on our blanket. 6. Julie throws the gulls some crusts from her sandwich.

16. 1. A pelican fed its babies fish. 2. Mom and I watched the large seabirds with amusement. 3. The diving pelican catches fish in its mouth. 4. The gulls give our party their full attention. 5. Trevor buys Mrs. Mueller a new car. 6. Julie throws the gulls some crusts from her sandwich. 1. fed-av  DO-fish  IO- babies 2. watched-av  DO-seabirds IO- NONE 3. catches- av  DO- fish IO- NONE 4. give-av  DO- attention  IO- party 5. buys- av DO- car IO- Mrs. Mueller 6. throws-av DO- crusts IO- gulls And the answers are...

17. Let's recap... Step 1 is.... Step 2 is... Step 3 is.. Step 4 is.. You should be shouting out the answers to finish these statements!  If you forget, try it again!

18. What is a linking verb again? It's a verb that tells you what something is "like" in the forms of "to be". Here's the list again (it should be in your grammar notebook):  is am are was were become seems felt taste smell look appear What if I have a Linking Verb (LV)?

19. Step 2: Label AV or LV If you have the label, LV, you will look for a Subject Complement it tells WHO or WHAT the subject is or is like Here's an example: The narwhal felt sick.

20. Follow the steps: The narwhal felt sick. Step 1: Find the verb   The narwhal felt sick. Step 2: Label AV or LV The narwhal felt (LV) sick. Step 3: Ask the question  (Subject + Verb + Who or what?) The narwhal felt (LV) sick. (Narwhal felt what?  sick) The subject complement is sick. The narwhal felt (LV) sick(SC).

21. Now You Take a Turn! 1. The unicorn was happy. 2. The seawater near the flying pickles tasted salty. 3. The mustaches were the champions in sports. 4. The burrito painted lines on the sides of the pool. 5. Tim Tebow looked hungry on the sidelines.

22. 1. The unicorn was happy. 2. The seawater near the flying pickles tasted salty. 3. The mustaches were the champions in sports. 4. The burrito is scared. 5. Tim Tebow looked hungry on the sidelines. 1. was-lv  SC- happy 2. tasted-lv    SC- salty 3. were- lv   SC- champions 4. is-lv    SC- scared 5. looked- lv    SC- hungry And the answers are...

23. Here's some more "SC" practice: 1. The purple cows are waiting for their dinner. 2. The talking taco looked confused as she sat on the table. 3. Fourteen narwhals felt exhausted after standing in line. 4. Troy Polamalu was sad the Steelers lost the game. 5.  A sparkly flying fish is looking at me outside the classroom.

24. 1. The purple cows are waiting for their dinner. 2. The talking taco looked confused as she sat on the table. 3. Fourteen narwhals felt exhausted after standing in line. 4. Troy Polamalu was sad the Steelers lost the game. 5.  A sparkly flying fish is looking at me outside the classroom. 1. are-lv  SC- waiting 2. looked-lv    SC- confused 3. felt- lv   SC- exhausted 4. was-lv    SC- sad 5. is- lv    SC- looking And the answers are...

25. Let's Mix It UP! All of the DOs, IOs, and SCs are mixed up in these examples.  Follow the steps and you will be successful! 1. The unicorn looked perfectly calm. 2. The purple pickle's arms and legs became heavy logs. 3. The hot sun had burned the narwhal's shoulders badly. 4. Christopher Robin raced Eeyore to the buoy at the end of the swim area. 5. On a hot day, rainbow sherbet tastes wonderful.

26. 1. The unicorn looked perfectly calm. 2. The purple pickle's arms and legs became heavy logs. 3. The hot sun had burned the narwhal's shoulders badly. 4. Christopher Robin raced Eeyore to the buoy at the end of the swim area. 5. On a hot day, rainbow sherbet tastes wonderful. 1. looked-lv  SC- calm 2. became-lv    SC- logs 3. had burned- av   DO- shoulders 4. raced-av   DO- Eeyore (***Your DO can be a WHO-just not very often!) 5. tastes- lv    SC- wonderful And the answers are...