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Activities of ICP M&M 2004 - 2006 and Results of the 21 st TF meeting

This document provides an overview of the activities and results of the ICP M&M program from 2004-2006, as well as the outcomes of the 21st Task Force meeting. Topics discussed include cooperation with EMEP, data results, nitrogen deposition, base cation deposition, heavy metal deposition, critical loads, and nitrogen and sulfur CL exceedances. The document also highlights the challenges and future directions for the program.

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Activities of ICP M&M 2004 - 2006 and Results of the 21 st TF meeting

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  1. Activities of ICP M&M2004 - 2006andResults of the 21st TF meeting Till Spranger

  2. The 2005 Task Force meeting... • back-to-back with CCE WS: 25 - 29 April 2005, Berlin • 45 participants from 24 NFCs + (Secretariat), WGE, EMEP Centres and ICPs. • ... had the following main subjects: • cooperation with EMEP (land cover, base cation deposition, HM deposition) • call for data results (HM) • Call for data results (N&S: critical loads and dynamic modelling results) • Nitrogen

  3. Cooperation with EMEP • Much higher CL(N, S) exceedances than 1998 dataset • mostly due to land cover specific MSC-West Unified Model • Harmonized Land Cover • Will (hopefully) be available late summer 2005: • CORINE LC where available; SEI elsewhere; hierarchical links to national LC databases by NFCs • Ecosystem classification: EUNIS • Base cation deposition • Important for CL(acid); backup for NFC data • New data available (MSC-West UM) • To be further tested and amended • Historical S, N (and not BC) deposition • Important for dynamic modelling • Heavy metal deposition • Critical load exceedance report with EMEP MSC-East

  4. Heavy Metals: Call for data results See WGE document /10 Add.1; CCE / MSC-East Report • CLs for various effects on ecosystems and on human health • 17 NFCs submitted CL data (16 for Cd, Pb; 9 for Hg), mostly for effects in or via terrestrial ecosystems • Further work on timescales of recovery / damage

  5. Sulfur and Nitrogen: Call for data results See WGE document 2005/10 and CCE Status Report • 14 NFCs submitted revised CL data (overall data from 25 NFCs) • 14 (13) NFCs submitted additional input data for dynamic modelling and target loads • Rest of Europe filled in by background database • ensures that information on sensitive ecosystems is representative on a European scale • „CL and TL data robust for policy application“ (i.e. IAM) • -> can / should be used as basis for Gothenburg Protocol revision and CAFE

  6. Sulfur and Nitrogen: CL exceedances See CCE Status Report • Exceedances have been reduced, but remain widespread especially for eutrophication: • Area exceeded for acidification in 1980 / 2010 • in total Europe: 49% / 7% • in EU25: 49% / 13% • Area exceeded for eutrophication in 1980 / 2010 • in total Europe: 38% / 29% • In EU25: 81% / 66% • Maxima mostly in areas dominated by NH3 emissions

  7. Nitrogen • CLs of nutrient nitrogen remain strongly exceeded even after GP implementation • Strong links to biological processes, climate change • Aim: (dynamic) modelling of biodiversity and other N deposition related effects on a European scale in an IAM framework • Further work necessary on, a.o.: • Choice of effects indicators (e.g. C/N,... ), dose/effect relations, and critical limits • Assessment of interactions between air pollution and climate change (e.g. long-term C and N sequestration, long-term N2O, CH4 etc. emissions) • National approaches (NL, D, SE, DK, ...) • Cooperation with other ICPs, JEG and external networks

  8. But nitrogen is more than LRTAP:The nitrogen cascade

  9. 568 67 32 42 32 60 190 87 5 10 5 2 and it´s getting worse: Nr production in 1995 and 2050 Tg N/y 2050 production scaled to: - > Population increase relative to 1995 - > N. American per capita Nr production after Galloway and Cowling, 2002

  10. Water Directive FCCC Nitrate Directive AquaticNO3 CO , CH , Climate change N O Soil NO 2 4 2 3 SF , HFK, 6 Manure PFK, .. Effects on ecosystems NH 3 SO , ( NH ) SO4 o.a. decrease in 2 4 2 Fertilizer N2 biodiversity industry NH NO CLRTAP NEC Dir. 4 3 Effects on materials HNO 3 and cultural heritage Combustion Effects on human and NO Directives on emission control CBD ? x animal health AQ Directive An integrated approach to Nitrogen pollution

  11. Nitrogen and M&M:Links to external developments • NitroEurope etc. (primary research) • COST Action 729 (research synthesis, source-receptor links) • ESF Project (multiple N forms& impacts; management) • International Nitrogen Initiative • CBD Indicators (SEBI 2010):N Deposition

  12. CBD EEA/ECNC SEBI 2010 European Transboundary Nitrogen Activity

  13. COST 729 Challenges • Much knowledge on causal chain and interaction with other cycles • Development and extension of IAM necessary • Source - receptor modelling, including atmosphere biosphere interactions and climatic influences • Non-linearities and coupling with other cycles • Nr affects climate (N2O, aerosols) • Climate change affects SRM through meteo and chemistry • Feedback mechanisms

  14. Conclusions on Nitrogen • CLRTAP effects-based emission abatement policy has been successful for S but not as much for N; it needs to be extended / linked to biodiversity and climate change policies and targets • Multi-media and multi-effect research and policy development needed to • reduce uncertainties • link and optimize management and abatement strategies

  15. Summary: M&M Future • Classic tasks: • Input to Multipollutant and HM Protocol review / possible revision • Input to EU CAFE process • New focus: • Nitrogen deposition – biodiversity – climate change • Aim: Modelling of biodiversity and other effects of nitrogen in an IAM framework • Instruments: • dynamic modelling with feedbacks, using effects indicators such as C/N, BS; • help with extension of IAMs? • Cooperation with CLRTAP internal and external organisations

  16. ICP M&M Website www.icpmapping.org

  17. NitroEurope Challenges • What are the quantitative components of nitrogen budgets for European ecosystems and how do these respond to the drivers of global change? • How much does nitrogen control carbon exchange and net greenhouse gas budgets for European terrestrial ecosystems? • How could a European N emissions strategy contribute to EU objectives in reducing greenhouse gas emissions?

  18. ESF Proposal:Nitrogen in Europe: Assessment of current problems and future solutions • Assessment of alteration of (European) N cycle • Scientific Network Programme (5 years): • Provide overviews of literature, current studies, databases and models relevant for the N cascade • Grants for exchange visits • Workshops • Summer schools • Conferences • Databases, models • Webpage, dissemination

  19. (Other) uses of critical loads data • Review of the EU NEC Directive • CAFÉ / Thematic Strategy • CBA & LCA • Don´t use CLs in full CBA • Use in MCA is OK • Impact factors for LCA • Data rules

  20. feeding into… http://www.initrogen.org International Nitrogen Initiative • Synthesis of international nitrogen science activities for improved nitrogen management Overall goal: “optimize nitrogen’s beneficial role in sustainable food production and minimize nitrogen’s negative effects on human health and the environment resulting from food and energy production” • European Nitrogen Centre (ENC): Jan Willem Erisman (ECN)

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