The IED — An Enduring Threat Requires Enduring Capabilities

1. UNCLASSIFIED The IED — An Enduring Threat Requires Enduring Capabilities AUSA Institute for Land Warfare Breakfast Series LTG Michael D. Barbero Director, JIEDDO 10 November 2011 This briefing is UNCLASSIFIED//FOUO UNCLASSIFIED

2. UNCLASSIFIED JIEDDO Organizational Functions Mission: JIEDDO leads DoD actions to rapidly provide Counter-Improvised Explosive Device capabilities in support of the Combatant Commanders and to enable the defeat of the IED as a weapon of strategic influence. Partnership & Outreach DoD, Services, Congress, U.S. Interagency, Coalition, Allies, Industry and Academia Operations & Intelligence Resources & Requirements Rapid Acquisition & Technology Training • Focused on C-IED & Attack the Network training • EXAMPLE: $24M dismount training equipment to training centers/ home station in FY 11 • Seek and respond to urgent needs • Flexible multi-year funding • EXAMPLE: $350M dismount equipment delivered in FY11 • Material & Non-Material solutions in 4-24 months • EXAMPLE: $19M for 210k units of Pelvic Protection • Procurement to Delivery: 3.5 months • Globally focused on threat networks • EXAMPLE: Responded to ~10,000 warfighter requests for support since FY07 Singular focus: defeat the IED threat — present and future Armed with unique authorities and capabilities 2

3. JIEDDO Today: Areas of Strategic Focus UNCLASSIFIED • Support the Current Fight • Effective IED Attacks: Drive down the rate of effective attacks • Homemade Explosives: Reduce the flow of homemade explosives into Afghanistan • Dismounted Operations: Improve Commanders’ freedom of maneuver • Iraq Transition: Support our forces in Iraq as the mission transitions • Whole-of-Government:Foster whole-of-government approach to the IED threat • Improvised Rocket-Assisted Munitions (IRAM): Counter the threat • Prepare for Future Threats 3 UNCLASSIFIED

4. UNCLASSIFIED The Current Threat AFGHANISTAN Ammonium Nitrate Pressure Plates Victim Operated Command-wire IRAQ Explosively Formed Projectiles Improvised Rocket-Assisted Munitions Vehicle-borne Threat Networks: Agile, Adaptive, Linked, Lethal, Resilient 4 UNCLASSIFIED

5. UNCLASSIFIED Countering the Homemade Explosives Threat • PROBLEM: • In Afghanistan, calcium ammonium nitrate produces more than 80% of IEDs and 90% of casualties • THE HME STRATEGY: • Produce a common picture of the HME supply chain and its critical vulnerabilities • Synchronize and leverage the authorities and capabilities of the U.S., Coalition and international partners • Facilitate a timely and unified whole-of-government(s) approach • Support Pakistan’s C-IED efforts The goal is to partner with Pakistan through Department of State led effort to address the common threat of IEDs in the Region 5 UNCLASSIFIED

6. UNCLASSIFIED It’s not just about Afghanistan & Iraq NORWAY: 22 JUL 2011 8 killed / ~ 30 Wounded VBIED with 3 tons of AN Oslo RUSSIA: 30 AUG 2011 12 Killed /22 Wounded Multiple PBIED (x3) Govt Bldgs/Police Militant Islamic Group ISRAEL: 18 AUG 2011 13 Killed /19 Wounded Multiple Roadside IED Civilians/Military Palestinian Group OKLAHOMA: 09 AUG 2011 IED Discovered 911 Tip/Pipe Bomb Natural Gas Pipeline Perp Arrested MICHIGAN: 20 SEP 2011 3 Wounded in VBIED MICHIGAN: 22 SEP 2011 IED Discovered Restaurant Restroom Detonated by Bomb Squad PAKISTAN: 19 AUG 2011 40 Killed / 80+ Wounded PBIED (W/White Phosphorous) Mosque/Ramadan TTP/Taliban Wash., DC: 28 SEP 2011 Undercover operation leads to arrest of man plotting airborne IED attack FLORIDA: 16 AUG 2011 IED Cache Discovered 911 Tip Local High School Perp Arrested INDIA: 13 JUL 2011 13 Dead / 100 Wounded multiple coordinated IEDs Dadar, the Jhaveri Bazaar, Opera House Mumbai COLOMBIA: 18 JUN 2011 1 Killed / 17 Wounded VBIED Stopped at Police Checkpoint ELN Retaliation YEMEN: 21 AUG 2011 12 Killed / UNDTMD Wounded Dual Suicide Bombers Pro-Govt Tribesmen Prob AQAP NIGERIA: 26 AUG 2011 18 Killed / 8+ Wounded SVBIED (50 Kg Exp) UN Headquarters Boko Haram (ALQ Affiliate Group) SOMALIA: 24 AUG 2011 30 Killed / 70+ Wounded SVBIED & Assault Force Muna Hotel Al-Shabaab YEMEN: 27 AUG 2011 2 Killed /0 Wounded SVBIED (Suicide Boat) Yemeni Naval Vessels Prob AQAP More than 500 IED events reported each month outside Iraq & Afghanistan 6 UNCLASSIFIED Source: Global IED Relational Database

7. UNCLASSIFIED Future Threat: Networks The Threat Continuum • An overlapping consortium of networks • Threat networks operate in an environment characterized by: • The easy flow of dual-use components through legitimate businesses • Locally and readily available explosive materials • The existence of a generation of combat experienced IED-makers and facilitators • Operating in existing and emerging conflict areas • Expansive C4ISR through the internet and social media The IED is the weapon of choice along the entire threat continuum 7 UNCLASSIFIED

8. UNCLASSIFIED Enduring Capabilities • Rapid Acquisition and Fielding to respond to COCOM urgent needs • Operations-Intelligence-Information Fusion and Analysis support to all combatant commands and U.S. government • Training standards for C-IED and Attack the Network • Weapons Technical Intelligence to analyze and exploit emerging devices and networks • Whole-of-Government(s) Approach to maintain a coalition of C-IED partners An enduring threat requires enduring capabilities UNCLASSIFIED 8

9. UNCLASSIFIED Parting Thoughts… • There is no “silver bullet” • We’re in an arms race • Must deal with the HME threat • Requires a whole-of-government(s) approach • Can’t return to the days of “Hillbilly Armor” • It’s about the devices and the networks that employ them • IEDs will remain enduring global threat — operationally and domestically The IED is the artillery of the 21st Century 9 UNCLASSIFIED