1 / 10

Layers of the Earth

Layers of the Earth . Crust Upper Mantel Transition Region Lower Mantel “D” layer Outer Core Inner Core http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xLiOFjemWQ&feature=related. Inner Core. 5150-6378 kilometers 4300 degrees C Iron

patty
Download Presentation

Layers of the Earth

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Layers of the Earth • Crust • Upper Mantel • Transition Region • Lower Mantel • “D” layer • Outer Core • Inner Core http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xLiOFjemWQ&feature=related

  2. Inner Core • 5150-6378 kilometers • 4300 degrees C • Iron • Is unattached to the mantle, being suspended by the molten outer core. • This field is also known as Earth's magnetic field, which is responsible for the functioning of mechanical and biological compasses. • This field also causes a subtle jerking motion in the Earth's daily rotation. • About 10% of this layer is composed of sulfur and/or oxygen due to the fact that these two elements are abundant in the cosmos and dissolve readily in molten iron.

  3. Outer Core • 2890-5150 kilometers • The inner core is composed mostly of iron (Fe) and is so hot that the outer core is molten, with about 10% sulphur • represents about 4% of the mantle-crust mass.

  4. “D” layer • The D" layer of Earth is about 3% of Earth's mass • is 125 to 188 miles (200 to 300 kilometers) thick and covers about 4% of the mantle-crust mass. • This layer, in terms of whether it is part of the lower mantle or an independent layer is still somewhat unclear.

  5. Lower Mantel • Most of the Earth's mass is in the mantle. • 1000 degrees C, the mantle is solid but can deform slowly in a plastic manner. • Two layers • lower mantle~ includes silicon, magnesium, oxygen, some iron, calcium, and aluminum. This layer is comprised of 72.9% of the mantle-crust mass.

  6. Transition region • 7.5% of Earth's mass • a depth of 250-406 miles (400-650 kilometers). • This layer is also known as the mesosphere and is 11.1% of the mantle-crust. • It is made of mainly basaltic magmas with amounts of calcium, aluminum and garnet (an aluminum-bearing silicate mineral). • The layer becomes dense when the garnet mineral cools but is buoyant and light when subject to heat due to the low melting points.

  7. Mantel • Most of the Earth's mass is in the mantle. • 1000 degrees C, the mantle is solid but can deform slowly in a plastic manner. • Two layers • upper mantle~ this part of the crust composes of 15.3% of the total mantle-crust mass and is made of crystalline forms of Olivine (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 and pyroxene (Mg,Fe)SiO3. The upper mantle makes up 10.3% of the Earth's mass, extending a depth of 6-250 miles (10-400 kilometers).

  8. Crust • 0-40 kilometers • O degrees C • The outer most layer, the crust, is categorized into two parts, • the Oceanic crust and the continental crust. • The Oceanic crust is the smallest part of Earth, only0.099% of its mass and reaching a small depth of 0-6 miles (0-10 kilometers. The ocean floor is covered in basalt originating from volcanic activity. • Continental crust: The second smallest area of the Earth making up only 0.374% of the Earth's mass and extending a short depth of 0 - 31 miles (0-50 kilometers). Looking at the percent by composition, the continental crust makes up only 0.554% of the mantle-crust mass. The layer is composed primarily of crystalline rocks made of low-density buoyant minerals dominated mostly by quartz (SiO2) and feldspars (metal-poor silicates). This is the outer part of the Earth composed essentially of crystalline rocks.

  9. Bringing it all together • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a2HliYJOzuE&feature=related

  10. Sources • http://www.seismo.unr.edu/ftp/pub/louie/class/100/interior.html • http://library.thinkquest.org/28327/html/universe/solar_system/planets/earth/interior/layers_of_earth.html • science.pppst.com/layers.html

More Related