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LATITUDES: LATIN AMERICAN MASTERS FROM THE FEMSA COLLECTION

STUDY GUIDE FOR TEACHERS GRADES 7 AND UP LATITUDES: LATIN AMERICAN MASTERS FROM THE FEMSA COLLECTION Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS Exhibition Summary California Classroom Content Standards Classroom Activities Pre-Visit Discussion Pre-Visit Activity

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LATITUDES: LATIN AMERICAN MASTERS FROM THE FEMSA COLLECTION

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  1. STUDY GUIDE FOR TEACHERS GRADES 7 AND UP LATITUDES: LATIN AMERICAN MASTERS FROM THE FEMSA COLLECTION Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

  2. TABLE OF CONTENTS • Exhibition Summary • California Classroom Content Standards • Classroom Activities • Pre-Visit Discussion • Pre-Visit Activity • Post-Visit Activity • Post-Visit Discussion • Additional Resources for Teachers • Types of Art: Information for Teachers Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

  3. EXHIBITION SUMMARY This exhibition features paintings from a leading Latin American beverage company, FEMSA, which holds a prestigious collection of more than 1,000 modern and contemporary works of Mexican and Latin American artists. This thematic exhibition explores the 20th century art movements and styles of Cubism, Portraiture and Landscapes, Identity, Mexican Muralism, Surrealism and Abstraction, and includes work by many noted artists, including Leonora Carrington, Frida Kahlo, Wilfredo Lam, Roberto Matta, José Clemente Orozco, Diego Rivera, David Alfaro Siquieros, Jesús Soto, and Rufino Tamayo. The exhibition is organized by FEMSA and has been traveling throughout South America. This show represents a collaboration between the Bowers Museum, FEMSA, and the Mexican Consulate. Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

  4. CALIFORNIA CONTENT STANDARDS Visual Arts • Aesthetic Perception • Creative Expression • Historical and Cultural Connections • Aesthetic Valuing • Applications • Relationships History/Social Science English/Language Arts Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

  5. CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

  6. PRE-VISIT CLASSROOM DISCUSSION: LATIN AMERICA LATIN AMERICA: WHAT IS IT? Latin America makes up 3.9% of the Earth’s surface, covering an area of approximately 7,880,000 square miles. Latin America is comprised of those territories in the North and South America that were once part of the Spanish and Portuguese Empires. That includes Mexico, most of Central and South America, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, and Puerto Rico. As of 2008, its population was estimated at more than 569 million. There is no singular Latin American culture. The people of Latin America are a composite of ancestries, ethnic groups, and races, making the region one of the most diverse in the world. This exhibition is a representation of a diverse group of artists from ten of the Latin American countries. Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

  7. PRE-VISIT CLASSROOM DISCUSSION: GEOGRAPHY • THE LATIN AMERICAN ARTISTS OF FEMSA: WHERE ARE THEY FROM? • MEXICO • Diego Rivera • Angel Zárraga • Roberto Montenegro • Alfredo Ramos Martinez • Cordelia Urueta • Manual Rodriguez Lozano • Carlos Orozco Romero • Gerrardo Murillo • Jose Clemente Orozco • Leonora Carrington • ARGENTINA • Antonio Berni • Leonor Fini • Alfredo Hlito • César Paternoso • Rómulo Maccio • Luis Tomasello • Remedios Varo • Frida Kahlo • Guellermo Meza • Agustin Lazo • Olga Costa • Alfonso Michel • Carlos Mérida • Rufino Tamayo • Pedro Coronel • David Alfaro Siquieros • URUGUAY • Pedro Figari • José Gamarra • José Gurvich • Joaquin Torres-Garcia • Francisco Matto • VENEZUELA • Armando Reverón • Jacobo Borges • Jesús Soto Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

  8. THE LATIN AMERICAN ARTISTS OF FEMSA: WHERE ARE THEY FROM? (continued) • BRAZIL • Ibere Camargo • Arcangelo Ianelli • CHILE • Roberto Matta • CUBA • Wilfredo Lam • ECUADOR • Oswaldo Guayasamin • NICARAGUA • Armando Morales • COLOMBIA • Fernando Botero Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

  9. MAP OF LATIN AMERICA ACTIVITY: Locate the artists listed in the previous two slides on map of Latin America below. map taken from: http://web.mac.com/davidashirk/LA_Politics/Materials/Entries/2007/1/1_Data_&_Maps.html Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

  10. PRE-VISIT CLASS ACTIVITY VISUAL IMAGERY: ITEMS TO THINK ABOUT WHEN LOOKING AT ART Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

  11. Using the terms line, composition, color, texture, and perspective, discuss the following three paintings from the exhibit. Being able to identify these elements before your visit will help you get more out of your experience. Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

  12. LATTITUDES IMAGES FOR ACTIVITY Alfredo Ramos Martinez, Casamiento Indio Alfonoso Michel, Naturaleza Roberto Montenegro, Retrato de Gabriel Fernandez Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

  13. PERSPECTIVE & SPACE • Is the picture two-dimensional? • Does it look flat like paper? • Is the picture three-dimensional? • Does it look realistic like we can touch it? • Is there a vanishing point? • Where are we seeing the image from? From the ground or high in the air? From an angle or straight on? Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

  14. LINES • A line defines a trip through space. Lines are perhaps the most important component of a painting because they can help delineate shapes, which we will learn about next. • Lines help to define the subject of the painting. • A line does not have to be unbroken—things like birds and clouds and rain can also be considered lines in art. • VERTICAL lines show action, strength and authority. HORIZONTAL lines show rest or peace. DIAGONAL lines show action and drama. • What is the purpose of the lines in the painting? Are there some that help move our eyes to a specific part of the work? Keeping in mind what we learned about horizontal, vertical and diagonal lines, what could thick or thin lines show? Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

  15. COLOR • The response to color is highly personal because we each react individually and emotionally to color. • Colors can be bright or dull, light or dark. Colors can also be cool or warm. • Some colors make us happy, like yellow, pink or orange. Some make us sad, like blue or purple. What color make you happy, sad, scared, angry, etc.? • Look at the picture. Do the colors imitate reality? If not, why? What do you think the artist is trying to tell us? • Are the colors in the painting in harmony to each other? Are they dramatically opposite? What kind of mood does this create? Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

  16. TEXTURE • Texture is how something feels. • It is easy to feel texture with our fingers, but our eyes can “feel” texture too! Our eyes can tell the difference between a soft blanket and the hard floor, even in a work of art. • Look for texture in the painting. How does the artist create a feeling of rough or smooth, hard or soft, the feel of wood, glass, textiles, etc.? Name some of the textures you see in this painting. Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

  17. COMPOSTION How is the work arranged? Horizontal? Vertical? Are objects neatly arranged or scattered all over the place? Is it symmetrical, balanced and quiet, or asymmetrical and dramatic? Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

  18. POST-VISIT CLASS ACTIVITY Choose one of the paintings you saw in the exhibit. Write a story based on the work. What do you think this painting is about? What do you think is happening? What was the artist thinking when he painted this piece? Share with the class. (20 minutes). Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

  19. POST-VISIT CLASS DISCUSSION: IDENTITY Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009 The subject of this exhibition is Latin American artists. Latin America is made up of many diverse cultures, so what does being “Latin American” signify? One of the major themes in this exhibition is identity. Artists featured in here were grappling with many aspects of identity—both their identity as a person, and their cultural/social/religious/national identity. What does identity mean to you? What do you consider your identity to be? Are any of your identities in conflict with one another?

  20. ADDITIONAL RESOUCES • Bowers Museum Press Release for Latitudes Exhibit: http://www.bowers.org/index.php/general/newsroom [scroll down to “Current Exhibitions” heading. “Latitudes” is the fifth entry.] • For more in depth background information, please contact the Bowers Museum Education Department. Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

  21. Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009 TYPES OF ART: INFORMATION FOR TEACHERS

  22. TYPES OF ART • When you look at a work of art, try to figure out which of the following it is. • PORTRAIT: A portrait is a picture of a person. People have always been a favorite subject of painters. A portrait is not simply a likeness of a person, as it can also express the artist’s special observations about a subject. • STILL-LIFE:A still-life is a painting of inanimate objects (like fruit, flowers, kitchen utensils). The artist depicts the color, shape, and surroundings of the objects often as a way to show off his or her skill as a painter. Sometimes still-lifes are very realistic, and look three-dimensional. This is called trompe-l’oeil, which is French, and means to “fool the eye”. • LANDSCAPE:Landscape paintings focus primarily on nature as the subject matter. Landscape artists try to capture as many moods and facets of nature as possible. • GENRE PAINTING:Genre art is the painting of ordinary, everyday subject matter that is easily recognizable by the viewer. They show scenes from daily life and usually tell a story. • SCULPTURE:A three dimensional work of art. Often made out of bronze or marble. Bowers Museum Education Department November 2009

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