1 / 32

Tsunami generation requires the sudden displacement of water. Tsunami initiation events include:

Tsunami generation requires the sudden displacement of water. Tsunami initiation events include: Earthquakes , particularly normal or reverse (thrust) faulting where displacement along the fault is up-down

paul2
Download Presentation

Tsunami generation requires the sudden displacement of water. Tsunami initiation events include:

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Tsunami generation requires the sudden displacement of water. Tsunami initiation events include: • Earthquakes, particularly normal or reverse (thrust) faulting where displacement along the fault is up-down • Submarine slump, usually (but not always) initiated by an earthquake. GREATEST TSUNAMI HAZARD TO THE UNITED STATES • Volcanic eruptions, particularly those involving submarine volcanic explosions and/or caldera collapse. Krakatau, 1883 • Landslide or Rockfall • Prehistoric, but with ample geological evidence: • 6) Volcanic Flank Collapse (Hawaii, Canary Islands) • 7) Meteorite Impact

  2. Fig. 5-9, p.105

  3. Fig. 5-10, p.105

  4. Fig. 5-1a, p.100

  5. Fig. 13-2, p.327

  6. Fig. 13-3, p.327

  7. Fig. 5-1b, p.100

  8. Chilean Earthquake May 1960 • (Largest earthquake in recorded history M = 9.5): • Hilo, Hawaii: wave refraction focuses energy into the bay • Onagawa, Japan: example of “Trough first”

  9. Fig. 5-30, p.117

  10. Fig. 5-29, p.117

  11. Fig. 5-4, p.103

  12. Fig. 5-6, p.104

  13. 05CO, p.99

  14. Fig. 5-32, p.118

  15. Fig. 5-7, p.104

  16. Submarine slump, usually (but not always) initiated by an earthquake. GREATEST TSUNAMI HAZARD TO THE UNITED STATES • Sediment on the edge of steep continental slope, particularly near trenches and submarine canyons, can be mobilized into a submarine slide. • Examples: • Papua, New Guinea, 1998 • -3 waves of 14 meters kill 2,500 people after moderate earthquake (Richter 7) • 2) Nicaragua, September 1992: Richter 7 caused tsunami with runup of 10 meters. Seafloor survey conducted afterward showed slide “scars” • Both examples near subduction zone, so these may be thrust fault generated like Indonesia, but…

  17. Fig. 5-33a, p.119

  18. Fig. 5-33b, p.119

  19. Fig. 5-34, p.119

  20. Fig. 5-36, p.120

  21. Fig. 5-37, p.121

  22. Fig. 5-35, p.120

  23. Tsunami generation requires the sudden displacement of water. Tsunami initiation events include: • Earthquakes, particularly normal or reverse (thrust) faulting where displacement along the fault is up-down • Submarine slump, usually (but not always) initiated by an earthquake. GREATEST TSUNAMI HAZARD TO THE UNITED STATES • Volcanic eruptions, particularly those involving submarine volcanic explosions and/or caldera collapse. Krakatau, 1883 • Landslide or Rockfall • Prehistoric, but with ample geological evidence: • 6) Volcanic Flank Collapse (Hawaii, Canary Islands) • 7) Meteorite Impact

  24. Fig. 5-16, p.109

  25. Fig. 5-20, p.111

  26. Fig. 5-21, p.112

  27. Fig. 5-22, p.112

  28. Fig. 5-24, p.114

More Related