“Bad Blood – A Cautionary Tale”

“Bad Blood – A Cautionary Tale” Write out the Questions and Answers. Take all Notes given.

“Bad Blood” 1. What are some of the symptoms/problems with Hemophilia? * Genetic disorder typically passed from mothers to sons. * A protein: Factor 8 and Factor 9 are missing from the blood. • How much is missing will determine the severity of the hemophilia. 1st Treatment for Hemophilia: Whole blood transfusions

“Bad Blood” * 1964 – Janet Poole * She noticed a residue at the bottom of the bag of plasma (it had been being thrown away) * She tested the residue – it had 10 x’s the clotting factor of whole blood. * Called it “Cryo” * 1966 - Anti-hemophiliac Factor 8 Concentrate was approved for use * It was called “Factor”

“Bad Blood” 2. What were some of the immediate benefits of “Factor”? 3. What are some of the long-term benefits of “Factor”? * Hepatitis = ? * Inflammation of the liver 4. Why is having paid donors a risky endeavor?

“Bad Blood” * 1-3 infected people in a pool of 60,000 is expected * All people got Hepatitis * Cost versus Benefit * We deal with this every day! * Early 1982 – 1st incidence of AIDS in hemophiliacs

“Bad Blood” * AIDS = ? * Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome * 800 known cases of AIDS * 8 were Hemophiliacs (1% of population) – That was in the VERY BEGINNING. 5. Would you wait for scientific data to make a decision? Why or Why not. 6. When comparing “Factor” to “Cryo”, why was “Cryo” not a choice for many?

“Bad Blood” * It is important for doctors to state the facts and let patients come to their own conclusions. 7. Were there enough facts to give to patients to prevent AIDS from spreading? Explain. * 95% of all hemophiliacs had acquired AIDS from the transfusions that made it possible for them to live normal lives. 8. Was the school right in kicking out Ryan White? Explain.

“Bad Blood” 9. What was needed to kill the HIV virus? * A government agency apologized. Damages were awarded * Hepatitis C is now the #1 killer of hemophiliacs * Liver transplant can cure hemophilia * Factor 8 is made in the liver * Can not get a liver transplant if have HIV/AIDS

HIV/AIDS • HIV = Human Immunodeficiency Virus • First/initial stages of disease • AIDS = Acquired Immune Deficiency Virus • Late stages of the disease – severely compromised immune system • HIV destroys CD4+ T Cells (which fight disease) • Medication can limit/slow the destruction of the immune system • No cure – can live a few years to several decades

How it Began: • Chimpanzee in West Africa • Had a similar disease called Simian Immunodeficiency Virus • Chimp may have gotten the disease from monkeys • We hunted them for meat – when we came in contact with their blood, it mutated into the human version - HIV

It is Spread by: • Unprotected Sex • Anal riskier than vaginal which is riskier than oral • Multiple sex partners • Especially if they have other STD’s • Sharing needles/syringes/water used to clean equipment for drug injection • Being born to an infected mother

Magic Johnson • 1991 found out he was HIV positive and quit Basketball • Got HIV by having multiple sex partners • 1992 played in the All-Star game • Was All Star MVP • 1992 played on the dream team in the Olympics • Won the Gold medal • 1996 played 32 games for the Lakers • Career: 17,707 points, 6,559 rebounds, 10,141 assists • Created the Magic Johnson Foundation • Educate people about HIV/AIDS

“Bad Blood – A Cautionary Tale”