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Body Planes, Directions, and Cavitites

Body Planes, Directions, and Cavitites. Body Planes. Body Planes: imaginary lines drawn through the body at various parts to separate the body into sections Transverse Plane: a horizontal plane that divides the body into a top half and a bottom half Superior: body parts above other parts

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Body Planes, Directions, and Cavitites

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  1. Body Planes, Directions, and Cavitites

  2. Body Planes • Body Planes: imaginary lines drawn through the body at various parts to separate the body into sections • Transverse Plane: a horizontal plane that divides the body into a top half and a bottom half • Superior: body parts above other parts • Inferior: Body parts below other parts • Cranial: body parts located near the head

  3. Body Planes • Caudal: body parts located near the sacral region • Midsagittal/Median Plane: divides the body into right and left sides • Medial: body parts close to the midline • Lateral: body parts away from the midline • Frontal/Coronal Plane: divides the body into a front section and a back section

  4. Body Planes • Ventral/Anterior: body parts in front of the plane; on the front of the body • Dorsal/Posterior: body parts on the back of the body • Proximal/Distal: the location of the extremities in relation to the main trunk of the body

  5. Body Cavities • Cranial Cavity: contains the brain • Dorsal Cavity: one long, continuous cavity located on the back of the body • Spinal Cavity: contains the spinal cord • Ventral Cavities: larger than the dorsal cavities; separated into two distinct cavities by the diaphragm • Thoracic Cavity: located in the chest and contains the esophagus, trachea, bronchi, lungs, heart, and large blood vessel

  6. Body Cavities • Abdominal Cavities: (abdominopelvic cavity) divided into an upper part and a lower part • Upper Abdominal: contains the stomach, small intestine, most of the large intestine, appendix, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen • Pelvic cavity: (lower) contains the urinary bladder, the reproductive organs, and the last part of the large intestine • Kidneys and adrenal glands are outside the abdominal cavity bc they are behind the peritoneal membrane

  7. Body Cavities • Orbital Cavity: orbital cavity: eyes • Nasal Cavity: nose structures • Buccal Cavity: mouth, teeth, and tongue

  8. Abdominal Regions • Divided into four quadrants • RUQ • RLQ • LLQ • RLQ

  9. Abdominal Regions • There are nine abdominal regions • Epigastric: above the stomach • Umbilical: near the umbilicus or belly button • Hypogastric: (pelvic) below the stomach • Hypochondriac: below the ribs • Lumbar: near the large bones of the spinal cord • Iliac: (inguinal) near the groin

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