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Tissues

Tissues. Epithelial Tissue. Closely joined with very little intracellular material. Blood vessels cannot get in-between cells - tissue is avascular (no blood supply). 2 types – glandular and lining.

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Tissues

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  1. Tissues

  2. Epithelial Tissue • Closely joined with very little intracellular material. • Blood vessels cannot get in-between cells - tissue is avascular (no blood supply). • 2 types – glandular and lining.

  3. http://trc.ucdavis.edu/mjguinan/apc100/modules/TermsCells&Tissues/introduction/images/tissue1.jpghttp://trc.ucdavis.edu/mjguinan/apc100/modules/TermsCells&Tissues/introduction/images/tissue1.jpg

  4. Function • Covering and Lining – covers body surfaces, walls of cavities. • Anchored to basement membrane.

  5. http://www.anatomyatlases.org/MicroscopicAnatomy/Images/Plate159.jpghttp://www.anatomyatlases.org/MicroscopicAnatomy/Images/Plate159.jpg

  6. ASimple squamous – flattened cells arranged in single layer. • Centrally located nucleus; lines inside of vessels, lining of cavities, air sacs in lungs. • Allows for rapid diffusion because tissue is so thin.

  7. http://www.uoguelph.ca/zoology/devobio/miller/01362fig6-1.gifhttp://www.uoguelph.ca/zoology/devobio/miller/01362fig6-1.gif

  8. BSimple cuboidal – cube-shaped cells with centrally located nuclei. • Often have cilia or microvilli along the edge. • Form walls of ducts (carry secretions throughout body). • Found in kidneys, liver, and glands.

  9. http://science.tjc.edu/Course/BIOLOGY/1409/cuboidal2.6-9.jpg

  10. CSimple columnar – single layer of elongated cells. • Nuclei usually near basement membrane. • Secretes product; found in uterus and digestive organs. • Small intestine - helps to absorb food.

  11. http://www.bluegrass.kctcs.edu/LCC/BSN/Frisbie/simple3.jpg

  12. DStratified squamous – multi-layered tissue - functions in protection. • Forms outer layer of skin, in openings of body for protection.

  13. http://cal.vet.upenn.edu/histo/epithelium/011.gif

  14. EPseudostratified columnar – appears layered but is not. • Nuclei location is not uniform. • May have cilia, located in respiratory system (i.e. trachea).

  15. http://cal.vet.upenn.edu/histo/epithelium/009.jpg

  16. FTransitional – cube-like or irregular shaped cells that can expand in size. • Found in areas of body that require stretching ability – bladder and ureters.

  17. http://www.histology-world.com/photomicrographs/transitional1.jpghttp://www.histology-world.com/photomicrographs/transitional1.jpg

  18. Connective Tissue • Scattered cells found within nonliving material. • Supports other body structures and keeps organs in place. • 2 types of materials used – ground substance and protein fibers.

  19. 3 types of protein fibers 1Collagenous – composed of collagen, fibers are flexible but strong (tendons). 2Elastic – made of elastin – very flexible, not as durable. 3Reticular – made of reticulin and can resist stress.

  20. http://www.anatomyatlases.org/MicroscopicAnatomy/Images/Plate34.jpghttp://www.anatomyatlases.org/MicroscopicAnatomy/Images/Plate34.jpg

  21. Fibroblast - Cell that produces intracellular material in connective tissue.

  22. http://biomaterials.bme.northwestern.edu/images/fibroblast.jpghttp://biomaterials.bme.northwestern.edu/images/fibroblast.jpg

  23. Types of Connective Tissue • ALoose connective tissue (aka areolar tissue)– Made of a matrix of protein fibers. • Structural anchor to body parts • Found between skin and muscle layers and on surface of most organs.

  24. http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory/files/Bio%20102/Bio%20102%http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory/files/Bio%20102/Bio%20102% 20lectures/animal%20cells%20and%20tissues/Image6.jpg

  25. BAdipose tissue – made of adipose cells that contain fat deposits. • Stores energy as fat, forms insulation between organs, acts as shock absorption.

  26. http://www.deltagen.com/target/histologyatlas/atlas_files/musculoskeletal/http://www.deltagen.com/target/histologyatlas/atlas_files/musculoskeletal/ adipose_tissue_white_40x.jpg

  27. CDense connective tissue – tightly packed with protein fibers (mostly collagenous). • 2 types – dense irregular and dense regular.

  28. http://biodidac.bio.uottawa.ca/ftp/BIODIDAC/ZOO/HISTO/MAMMALIA/36-78.GIFhttp://biodidac.bio.uottawa.ca/ftp/BIODIDAC/ZOO/HISTO/MAMMALIA/36-78.GIF

  29. 1Dense irregular – not parallel in arrangement but form mat. • Found in dermis, also wraps around bones and cartilage.

  30. http://oregonstate.edu/~hanba/Projector%20Slides/Projector%20Slides/http://oregonstate.edu/~hanba/Projector%20Slides/Projector%20Slides/ Dense%20Regular%20Connective%20Tissue.jpg

  31. 2Dense regular – parallel in arrangement. • Resistant to stress; main component of tendons and ligaments.

  32. DCartilage – matrix thickened ground substance and dense fibers. • Chondrocytes- cartilage cells that lie within small spaces known as lacunae. • 3 types of cartilage – hyaline, elastic, and fibrocartilage.

  33. http://education.vetmed.vt.edu/Curriculum/VM8054/Labs/Lab7/ IMAGES/elastic%20cartilage%20WITH%20LABEL%20copy.jpg

  34. Types of Cartilage • 1Hyaline – most abundant form of cartilage. • Locations - respiratory tract, ends of bones (movable joints) and ribs, largest portion of fetal skeleton.

  35. http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/ap/histology_mh/hcart.jpg

  36. http://compsoc.dur.ac.uk/~ads/ultrasound.jpg

  37. 2Elastic – firm but flexible tissue. • Supportive framework for ears, end of the nose, epiglottis.

  38. http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/optics/intelplay/gallery/images/brightfield/elasticcartilage2.jpghttp://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/optics/intelplay/gallery/images/brightfield/elasticcartilage2.jpg

  39. 3Fibrocartilage – solid but flexible. • Found with hyaline cartilage in joints (shock absorption) and intervertebral discs.

  40. http://www.med.mun.ca/anatomyts/msk/Bone13.gif

  41. EBone – mineral salts and collagenous fibers creating hard surface that is durable. • Osteocytes – bone cells found within lacunae. • Periosteum - Membrane surrounding bone • 2 types of bone – spongy, compact.

  42. http://137.222.110.150/calnet/musculo/image/bone%20anatomy.jpghttp://137.222.110.150/calnet/musculo/image/bone%20anatomy.jpg

  43. 1Compact – densely packed matrix. • Lamellae – layers of bone. • Canaliculi - channels that help nutrients diffuse. • Osteon - individual canal with lamellae and osteocytes.

  44. http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/ap/histology_mh/compbone.jpg

  45. http://www.octc.kctcs.edu/gcaplan/anat/images/Image269.gif

  46. 2Spongy – not densely packed, contains blood-forming tissue (red marrow).

  47. http://www.gla.ac.uk/ibls/fab/public/images/boporos4.jpg

  48. FBlood - type of connective tissue composed of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets (formed elements); surrounded by plasma (fluid). • Fibers in matrix present during clotting. • Blood responsible for transport (removing wastes, bringing oxygen)

  49. http://uhaweb.hartford.edu/BUGL/images/RBCs.jpg

  50. http://www.gambro.com/upload/Site_com/Business_areas/Gambro_ BCT/Market_details/White_blood_cell.jpg

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