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11 Methane capturing

11 Methane capturing. 1. “Landfill gas extraction system in the making”, Braambergen landfill. Overview. 11.1 Types of extraction systems 11.2 Operational aspects 11.3 Management and maintenance. 11.1 Types of extraction systems. 11.1 Types of extractions systems. Landfill gas dynamics.

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11 Methane capturing

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  1. 11 Methane capturing 1

  2. “Landfill gas extraction system in the making”, Braambergen landfill

  3. Overview 11.1 Types of extraction systems 11.2 Operational aspects 11.3 Management and maintenance

  4. 11.1 Types of extraction systems 11.1 Types of extractions systems

  5. Landfill gas dynamics Three main factors influence the migration of landfill gases: Pressure Permeability and Diffusion 11.1 Types of extraction systems

  6. Landfill gas extraction Landfill gas is: explosive in air a Greenhouse Gas (GHG) and toxic to humans ….and therefore should be controlled on landfills 11.1 Types of extraction systems

  7. Landfill gas extraction There are two types of landfill gas extraction: passive active 11.1 Types of extraction systems

  8. Passive landfill gas extraction 11.1 Types of extraction systems

  9. Active landfill gas extraction Active landfill gas extraction demands the following: Extraction system Compressor Flare installation or Landfill gas utilization 11.1 Types of extraction systems

  10. Extraction system There are several types of active landfill gas extraction systems: Vertical Horizontal Slope Point 11.1 Types of extraction systems

  11. Vertical 11.1 Types of extraction systems Cell wise Conventional HDPE piping (non -perforated) GRAVEL Build up Build up + early extraction HDPE piping (perforated)

  12. Horizontal 11.1 Types of extraction systems

  13. Slope 11.1 Types of extraction systems

  14. Point 11.1 Types of extraction systems

  15. Gas well connection 11.1 Types of extraction systems RULE OF THUMB: 4 GAS WELLS PER HA

  16. Gas well connection 11.1 Types of extraction systems

  17. Compressor 11.1 Types of extraction systems

  18. 11.2 Operational aspects 11.2 Operational aspects

  19. Explosive conditions during start up Due to safety procedures, explosive conditions must be avoided at all times. The start up procedure to avoid explosive conditions is as follows: Every valve in the extraction system must be opened; At the flare installation or the booster station venting piping needs to be constructed at safe place within landfill boundaries (NOT nearby housing, scavengers or registration offices) and Under current conditions, landfill gas will force out the air naturally. Flare and extraction system full with landfill gas Start up flare at lowest extraction rate Monitor landfill gas quality and explosion limits frequently 11.2 Operational aspects

  20. Explosive conditions Landfill gas contains methane Explosive conditions of methane in air achieved between 5 - 15% Over extraction of the extraction system could result into high infiltration of ambient air and explosive conditions could be reached Monitoring again is essential! 11.2 Operational aspects

  21. Landfill gas monitoring Monitoring equipment 11.2 Operational aspects Anemo meter Digital manometer Gas analyser

  22. Landfill gas monitoring Gas analyser can measure: CH4 CO2 O2 N2 (= 100% - CH4% - CO2% - O2%) 11.2 Operational aspects

  23. Landfill gas monitoring If CH4 and O2 concentration respectively in a gas well is: > 50% and < 1% then more extraction < 50% and > 1% then less extraction 11.2 Operational aspects

  24. Landfill gas monitoring If N2:O2 ratio is: > 5 indicator suction of ambient air < 4 indicator leakage piping extraction system 11.2 Operational aspects

  25. 11.3 Management and Maintenance 11.3 Management and maintenance

  26. Check at the flare installation: Flowmeter and indicator function (CDM requirements) State O2 analyser Automatic shut down in case of explosive mixtures ..on a regular basis 11.3 Management and maintenance

  27. Maintenance should be performed by: Maintenance scheme Arrange spare part list critical items (compressor, flare, extraction system) The later enables planning and minimises down-time of extraction system and, therefore, minimises greenhouse gas emissions 11.3 Management and maintenance

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